This is an article about cost management, I hope it will be useful to you.

In March 2008, I participated in the construction of the project "Open and transparent operation of administrative power in a city on the Internet", and I was very honored to be the project manager. ...................

First, a reasonable cost estimate.

Good cost estimation is the prerequisite for the successful implementation of the project. Cost estimation refers to the approximate estimation of the cost of various resources necessary to complete various activities of the project. In this project, I complete the project cost estimation in three steps.

1. Identify and analyze the work that constitutes the project cost.

This work is closely related to WBS decomposition. If the project work package cannot be correctly identified, there is no way to guarantee the cost estimation. Therefore, when I do WBS decomposition, I decompose each link from project establishment, requirements, analysis, design, coding and testing one by one according to the stage of the project, and make clear the work package of each link.

This project involves cities, districts, community street offices, towns and villages, and there are many stakeholders. Therefore, we should try our best to ensure that stakeholders at all levels can agree on the scope of the project. However, the lower the informatization level of users, the less they can correctly express their needs for the project. Therefore, when the work package is decomposed, we regularly report the work to our superiors, and the consultant suggested modifying the work package. At the same time, I let customers, relevant stakeholders and project team members fully participate in WBS decomposition, make their own suggestions as much as possible, and confirm the scope of the project.

2. According to the work breakdown structure, estimate the work package or cost.

I use MS Project 2003 as an auxiliary tool in this process. According to the estimated results of diachronic resources in each work package, I basically determined the resources needed to complete this work package. By consulting the relevant documents in the company's project management system, I get the standard rate of working hours of various resources, that is, the working cost of personnel is filled into the tool, and then I check the automatic cost statistics table to complete the estimated cost of the work package.

3. Optimize costs accordingly and reserve emergency reserves.

After completing the above activities, the cost estimate of the project is formed by accumulating work packages. However, we should consider the rationality and substitution of various resources and coordinate the comparative relationship between various costs. In this project, I pay great attention to the demand investigation of the project, so when estimating the cost, I apply 5% of the cost of the coding stage to the demand stage, which seems to increase the cost of the demand, but greatly reduces the possibility of rework in the future and reduces the overall cost. In addition, 10% of the estimated total cost is increased as the emergency reserve of the project, considering that the change of scope, schedule, quality and other factors or the occurrence of risks may cause the change of expenses.

Second, effectively control scope changes and risk factors to prevent unnecessary cost changes.

In order to control the changes caused by the scope, when the project reaches the milestone, I will organize the project stakeholders to review the project. After the review meeting, suggestions beneficial to the project construction will be dealt with separately: 1). For the suggestions with relatively simple implementation, relatively low investment cost and little impact on the project implementation progress, implement them according to the process of scope change, and track the implementation results; 2) Record the suggestions with high cost and great influence on the project implementation progress for the next version or as an additional project. Thereby effectively controlling the cost change caused by range diffusion.

In addition, the risk factors that often cause cost in the project are sorted out, and the corresponding risk management plan and response plan are formulated for each type, such as: 1) and the information system without detailed plan; 2) Project management cannot clearly describe the project objectives; 3) changes in technology; 4) management pressure and misunderstanding; 5) Lack of professional and experienced talents. In the process of implementation, we often check the risk factors against the risk list and communicate with the owners regularly to increase their confidence in the project. Strengthen communication and exchange within the project team, improve the development efficiency of the project development team, strengthen the implementation of quality measures, assess the responsibilities and performance of members, prevent the chain reaction of progress and achievements caused by project quality problems or technical problems, and increase the enthusiasm and trust of team members.

Third, do a good job in cost performance and track and control in time.

Cost tracking and control are needed in the implementation stage. Project team members are required to quantify the task completion by submitting weekly work reports every week, and I will summarize them into the project weekly report in turn according to each weekly work report. By filling in the progress percentage in MS Project 2003, MS Projec t2003 automatically generates cost statistics, which clearly shows the benchmark and actual cost information of tasks.

At the same time, the earned value management chart is drawn to report and display the project progress and cost performance information in an intuitive way. Regularly check whether the expenses are overspent. For example, after the demand stage is basically completed, it enters the analysis and design stage. The author counted the expenses of various activities. The results are as follows: the actual cost AC of completed work is 500,000 yuan, the budgeted cost EV of completed work is 470,000 yuan, the budgeted cost PV of planned work is 450,000 yuan, the calculated cost deviation CV is-6,543.8+10,000 yuan, and the schedule deviation SV is 20,000 yuan. This shows that the progress is slightly ahead of schedule, but the cost overrun CV is-30,000 yuan. It can also be clearly seen from the curve that corresponding corrective measures will be taken in time when deviations are found. The sooner the problem is discovered, the smaller the cost and the smaller the loss. So I adjusted the following plan accordingly, and reduced the direct cost of the project through some effective ways, effectively controlling the cost.

After the successful implementation of the project, it passed the acceptance organized by the relevant departments of the province, and was promoted to the surrounding urban areas as an advanced case model. The system is running well at present. However, in retrospect, there are also many shortcomings in the implementation of this system.

1, the test time was too short, there were no specialized testers and no comprehensive system test, so many problems were found after the delivery of the system. Although it did not threaten the operation of the system, as a project manager, I think I can do better if I give more time and personnel.

2. We didn't consider the user's problems, such as the low level of township informatization. Can you consider a more humanized and humanized man-machine interface and make a video lecture or PPT for them to learn and use in the future?

In my future work, I will continue to study hard and sum up my experience and education.

Reference source: pipe network