In the 1977 edition of the License Trade Manual for Developing Countries, the World Intellectual Property Organization defines technology as: "Technology is the systematic knowledge of manufacturing products, processes adopted or services provided, regardless of whether this knowledge is reflected in inventions, shape designs, utility models or new plant varieties, or reflected in technical information or skills, or designed by experts.

This is by far the most comprehensive and complete definition of technology in the world. In fact, the World Intellectual Property Organization defines all scientific knowledge that can bring economic benefits in the world as technology.

Explanation of some terms in chemical information retrieval?

Technical archives refer to technical documents, drawings, charts, photos and original records with specific things formed in scientific research and production activities. The detailed contents include task book, agreement, technical indicators, approval documents, research plan, program outline, technical measures, research materials, design data, test and process records, etc. These materials are important documents used to accumulate experience and draw lessons from dystocia in scientific research. Technical files are generally used internally, not publicly published and distributed, and some are confidential, and are rarely cited in references and retrieval tools because of the madness of children.

A table of contents is a table of contents contained in front of the text of a book, and it is a tool for revealing and reporting books. Catalogue is a tool to record book titles, authors, publications and collections, arranged in a certain order to reflect the library model and guide reading and retrieval of books. At the same time, in computer applications, the development directory has become a "folder".

retrieval language

Information retrieval language is an artificial language created according to the needs of information retrieval. Retrieval language is a controlled language, which standardizes natural language according to certain rules and compiles it into tables for information indexing and retrieval.

One of the methods of backtracking documents. Tracing back to the original text one by one with the reference attached to a certain document as a clue; Then, according to these references after the original text, the clue tracking is gradually carried out, and the acquisition method of relevant documents is obtained. Using retrospective method to find literature, we can use various citation indexes as tools, or we can use summary and summary of the references behind the article. Generally, in the absence of suitable retrieval tools or incomplete retrieval tools, some related documents can be obtained by retrospective method.

Literature information resources are knowledge and information resources recorded on various carriers in the form of words, graphics, symbols and audio-visual images. Including: books, series of publications (periodicals, newspapers, etc. ), brochures, papers, patents, standards, meeting minutes, * * publications, etc. It records countless useful facts, data, theories, methods, assumptions, experiences and lessons, and is a basic tool for human beings to communicate across time and space, understand and transform the world. After processing, this kind of information is more systematic, accurate, reliable and easy to save and use, but there are also cases where the information is relatively lagging behind and some information has yet to be confirmed. Generally speaking, this kind of information is the largest and most used information resource at present. According to various standards, various types of documents can be classified. According to the processing situation, there can be first-class documents, second-class documents and third-class documents; According to the carrier form, there can be written documents, printed documents, microfilms, audio-visual documents, machine-readable documents and so on. According to the subject scope of the content, there are social science documents, scientific and technological documents and so on. A particular document may have the characteristics of two or more types of documents. For example, Journal of Nanjing University (Social Science Edition) is not only a periodical, but also a first-class document, printed document and social science document. The National Standard Document Types and Document Carrier Codes (GB3469-83) classifies documents into 26 categories according to practical standards, namely: monographs, newspapers, periodicals, conference proceedings, compilations, dissertations, scientific reports, technical standards, patent documents, product samples, Chinese translations, manuscripts, reference tools, retrieval tools, files, charts, ancient books and so on.

In order to make the retrieval process, that is, document recognition and information query, go smoothly, both of them need to be expressed in some language. Only with the help of this language can document indexers and retrieval personnel have a common agreement and communicate with each other. That is to say, the internal and external features of documents are described in a certain language when they are stored, and information questions are expressed in a certain language when they are retrieved. This kind of language is called retrieval language, which links the storage and retrieval of documents, and links indexers and retrieval personnel to achieve mutual understanding and communication.

Internet is a collection of global information resources. There is a rough saying that INTER is a logical network that is interconnected by many small networks (subnets), and each subnet connects several computers (hosts). The purpose of Inter is to exchange information resources with each other through many routers and public Internet based on some common protocols. It is an information resource and resource.

Ask the landlord to send high marks, hehe!

What is the noun explanation of construction technical disclosure?

Construction technical disclosure

The technical disclosure of a construction enterprise refers to the technical * * * treatment of the personnel involved in the construction by the relevant professional and technical personnel before the project starts in a certain unit or before the construction of a sub-project. Its purpose is to make constructors have a more detailed understanding of engineering characteristics, technical quality requirements, construction methods and measures and safety, so as to organize construction scientifically and avoid accidents such as technical quality. All technical disclosure records are also an indispensable part of engineering technical files.

Construction technical disclosure is a construction method.

1 classification

1, design disclosure, that is, design drawing disclosure. This is the disclosure made by the design unit to the construction unit (civil construction unit and professional construction unit) under the auspices of the construction unit, which mainly explains the functions and characteristics of the building, design intentions and requirements, and various matters that should be paid attention to in the construction process.

2, construction design disclosure. Generally organized by the construction unit, under the guidance of the professional engineer of the management unit, the problems encountered in the construction and the parts that often make mistakes are mainly introduced, so that the construction personnel can understand what should be done and how to stipulate in the specification.

3, special scheme disclosure, partial project disclosure, quality (safety) technical disclosure, operation disclosure, etc.

2 content

(1) Related contents in site (team) disclosure: whether there are construction conditions, coordination and contradiction with other types of work, etc. And ask Party A to come forward and coordinate.

(2) Requirements of construction scope, engineering quantity, workload and construction progress: Just explain to Party A realistically according to your own actual situation.

(3) Description of the construction drawing: the general idea of the designer and the problems existing in the future construction.

(4) Construction scheme measures: According to the actual situation of the project, formulate reasonable and effective construction organization design and safe and civilized construction scheme.

(5) Operating techniques and measures to ensure quality and safety: advanced mechanical equipment and high-quality workers.

(6) Process quality standards and evaluation methods: refer to current industry standards and corresponding design and acceptance specifications.

(7) Technical inspection and inspection acceptance requirements: including standards for self-inspection and supervision sampling inspection.

(8) Indicators and measures for increasing production and saving:

(9) Contents and requirements of technical records;

(10) Other construction precautions.

3 technical disclosure table

1, construction organization design disclosure can be conducted in the form of * * * discussion, and meeting minutes should be filed;

2, through the examination and approval of the construction organization design, technical disclosure content into the construction organization design.

3, the construction scheme can use * * * discussion form or on-site teaching form for technical disclosure, disclosure content can be incorporated into the construction scheme, also can form a separate disclosure scheme.

4, professional and technical management personnel should be in written form combined with on-site oral lectures for technical disclosure, the content of technical disclosure should be a separate disclosure document. The disclosure content shall have the disclosure date, which shall be signed by the disclosure person and the disclosure person and approved by the chief engineer of the project.

Noun explanation: technical key

Technology: refers to various process operation methods and skills developed according to production practice experience and natural science principles. Technology is the main body of knowledge evolution, shaped by society or society. The proliferation of new technologies such as computers makes people believe that technology is the decisive force of social evolution, in other words, the spontaneous driving force of change. It is best to abandon the reductionist view and regard technology as an integral part of a multi-directional social network that includes social, political, historical and economic factors.

Technology covers the symbolic things of the development level of human productivity, and it is the sum of survival and production tools, facilities, equipment, language, digital data, information records and so on!

Technology has conditions, or preconditions, or specific environmental requirements. Technology is a summary method, not an activity, but an abstraction. Originated from practical activities and higher than practical activities. The reason why technology is different from science is that technology is an action method for human beings to meet human needs. Technology is purposeful and people-oriented, and its value lies here. Without purpose, technology will not become technology.

Key: this is the latch or crossbar that closes the door; Refers to the device installed on the object for closing; Mechanical device

Metaphor is the most critical part or turning point of things and the decisive factor of the situation; Prohibit metaphor; Metaphor the structure of poetry; Metaphor throat area

Key synonym: important

Information technology terminology interpretation

First, the basic definition of information information is the sum of the laws of material movement.

Second, the philosophical expression of information popularity is that information is the movement state and transformation mode of the material world, and it is the essential attribute of matter. Matter here refers to all possible research objects that humans and animals can identify, including material objects in the external universe and spiritual phenomena in the subjective world. "Movement" refers to all sensory changes, including mechanical movement, chemical movement, thinking movement and social movement; "Motion mode" refers to all kinds of complex processes presented by the movement of things in time; "Motion state" is the form of things moving in space.

For example, people's time is life, quality is enterprise's life, information is instruction, and information is business opportunity, which fully reveals that information is the inherent law of the material world to some extent. And some of the information people have is just a part of ignoring the law of expression! China's ancient idioms, such as happiness begets sorrow, sorrow without happiness and so on, are popular philosophies to express daily life. All are conventional explanations and expressions! Third, the specific performance of information 1, the definition of source As we all know, any information must be explained by information standards experts and reveal various complex manifestations of the material world and some internal identifiable laws; After defining science and technology in stages.

2. Information shows the long history of human development and evolution. In the process of continuous accumulation of scientific and technological practice, information is always a group of news that is difficult to distinguish between true and false. Due to the inherent laws of the material world, human beings need to rely on five senses, thinking, recognition and monitoring technologies, which are constantly advancing with the times and developing dynamically; Message is just the shell of information, and information is the core of message; Information is different from signal, which is the carrier of information, and information is the content carried by signal; Information is different from data, which is a form of recording information, and the same information can also be expressed by words or images. Information is also different from intelligence and knowledge.

In a word, the definition of "information is the state and way of things moving" has the greatest universality, which can not only cover all other information definitions, but also be transformed into all other information definitions by introducing constraints. For example, introducing the constraint of cognitive subject can be transformed into the definition of information in the epistemological sense, that is, information is the state and way of the movement of things perceived or expressed by cognitive subject.

In another constraint, based on the cognitive ability and observation process of the subject, the information in the epistemological sense can be further divided into transcendental information (knowing the memory ability of the subject), acquired information (knowing the learning ability of the subject) and real information (knowing all the information about things obtained by the subject under ideal observation conditions). The more constraints introduced layer by layer, the richer the connotation of information and the smaller the scope of application, thus forming a related information concept system.

For example, human's initial language communication and babbling are dynamic expressions of interactive information. Food search, safety warning, courtship and reproduction, sleep fatigue, etc.

Fourth, information is highly developed-information technology information is closely related to human understanding of the material world and the history of their own growth. The reason why human society is so colorful is the inevitable result of the continuous progress of information and information technology! Information technology is a technology that studies the acquisition, transmission and processing of information. It is a combination of computer technology, communication technology and microelectronics technology, and is sometimes called "modern information technology".

That is to say, information technology is a new discipline that uses computers to process information and modern electronic communication technology to engage in information collection, storage, processing and utilization, as well as related product manufacturing, technology development and information service. The appendix refers to the ISO9000 series standard of version 1 0,000. 2. Definition in communication economics: Information is the reflection of the state, characteristics and changes of everything in the world, and its highest form is human thought theory. 3. Method of transmitting information: You can transmit information through the Internet, TV, posters and newspapers.

The future information technology 2 1 century will be the information age. Information technology combines microelectronics and optoelectronics in information resources, information processing and information transmission, information processing and information transmission.

Intelligent computing, combined with cognitive and brain science, will be applied to a wider and more diverse field, bringing a new way of working and living to mankind. At present, the development of INTER in China is still in its infancy, and it will show a trend of rapid development in 2 1 century.

In China, the number of Internet users increased from 2,654.38 million at the beginning of the year to 6 to 8 million at the end of the year. At this growth rate, some people predict that it will reach nearly 10 million next year.

By then, there will be a qualitative change in the whole industry. This qualitative change benefits from the penetration of the Internet into all walks of life and large-scale social benefits.

In fact, the Internet has gradually penetrated into various industries in China. In the long run, this penetration will also extend to retail, manufacturing and traditional commercial fields.

In the future, the Internet economy will embody two core values. The first is scale and popularity.

The understanding of the Internet has gradually spread from a few people to people's lives and become an important part of people's lives. The other is the combination and penetration with traditional industries.

Internet business will gradually penetrate into all traditional industries from simply focusing on IT industry, and become a part of the progress of all walks of life, even a booster. These two cores are the real exertion of the Internet value and a trend of the whole Internet development in the future.

Information in communication studies From the philosophical point of view, information is the existence or expression of the movement of things, the universal attribute of all substances, and actually includes the representation of all material movements. The information of communication is anything that can reduce or eliminate the uncertainty in a situation, and it is a spiritual creation of human beings.

Characteristics of information: objectivity and universality, expressiveness and fluidity. Functions of information: cognitive function and social function.

Information society: also known as post-industrial society, refers to the breadth and depth of the information society, that is, the whole society, which is characterized by using information theory and technology to deal with practical problems.

Noun explanation: technical ability

The so-called technical ability refers to technology and ability.

Technology does not necessarily mean ability, and ability does not necessarily mean technology.

When we are faced with something we haven't done, ability is the most important. Only when we believe that we can do it, will we try to integrate the technology we need to complete it.

On the contrary, if we have certain technology, but this technology can't completely solve this problem, and we decide from the heart that we can't solve this problem, then the technology we have is not called skill.

In fact, in any field we face, we often face an unknown world, and the technology we have can only provide us with a method and idea to solve the problem. In the process of implementation, it is often because of this experience that we are bound by our thoughts and let us stand still. It can be said that challenges are everywhere.

This has given us a lot of current learners and also given us something we should pay attention to. Here, we find that 100 is what we really need.

When we face anything, we are not looking for technology first, but we can accomplish anything with everything. What we need to do is to find a way.

Only in this case will we be proactive in our work. Will take whatever happens around us as the driving force for our success.

At this time, we found that it is more important to cultivate my ability than my skills.

We can also learn some magical stories here.

This story is about a child who limped from his calf, hunched over and stuttered. He feels inferior and doesn't want to play with any children. His father is very anxious. One day, his father brought back some saplings and told a group of children that the tree was magical and could predict the future of each child. If the child's tree grows thick and big, then the child will have a bright future. When this group of children happily chose a tree they planted, they slowly found that the children's tree was particularly thick and tall. This is because he saw that the child has changed, become happy and become very confident. When he discovered the secret that his tree was tall and strong one night during the summer vacation in college, it was that his father had been watering and fertilizing his tree for more than ten years. The child cried, and he finally found out that it was not his skills that limited him, but the real me in his heart. This child is American President Roosevelt.

I think there are countless such cases, which shows that the stimulation of our potential lies in the degree we think I can.

Explanation of some terms in chemical information retrieval?

Technical Archives Technical archives refer to technical documents, drawings, charts, photos and original records with specific things formed in scientific research and production activities.

The detailed contents include task book, agreement, technical indicators, approval documents, research plan, program outline, technical measures, research materials, design data, test and process records, etc. These materials are important documents used to accumulate experience and draw lessons from dystocia in scientific research.

Technical files are generally for internal use, not published publicly, and some are confidential, so they are rarely cited in references and retrieval tools. A table of contents is a table of contents contained in front of the text of a book, and it is a tool for revealing and reporting books. Catalogue is a tool to record book titles, authors, publications and collections, arranged in a certain order to reflect the library model and guide reading and retrieval of books.

At the same time, in computer applications, the development directory has become a "folder". Retrieval language, that is, information retrieval language, is an artificial language created according to the needs of information retrieval.

Retrieval language is a controlled language, which standardizes natural language according to certain rules and compiles it into tables for information indexing and retrieval. One of the methods of backtracking documents.

Tracing back to the original text one by one with the reference attached to a certain document as a clue; Then, according to these references after the original text, the clue tracking is gradually carried out, and the acquisition method of relevant documents is obtained. Using retrospective method to find literature, we can use various citation indexes as tools, or we can use summary and summary of the references behind the article.

Generally, in the absence of suitable retrieval tools or incomplete retrieval tools, some related documents can be obtained by retrospective method. Literature information resources are knowledge and information resources recorded on various carriers in the form of words, graphics, symbols and audio-visual images.

Including: books, series of publications (periodicals, newspapers, etc. ), brochures, papers, patents, standards, meeting minutes, * * publications, etc. It records countless useful facts, data, theories, methods, assumptions, experiences and lessons, and is a basic tool for human beings to communicate across time and space, understand and transform the world.

After processing, this kind of information is more systematic, accurate, reliable and easy to save and use, but there are also cases where the information is relatively lagging behind and some information has yet to be confirmed. Generally speaking, this kind of information is the largest and most used information resource at present.

According to various standards, various types of documents can be classified. According to the processing situation, there can be first-class documents, second-class documents and third-class documents; According to the carrier form, there can be written documents, printed documents, microfilms, audio-visual documents, machine-readable documents and so on. According to the subject scope of the content, there are social science documents, scientific and technological documents and so on.

A particular document may have the characteristics of two or more types of documents. For example, Journal of Nanjing University (Social Science Edition) is not only a periodical, but also a first-class document, printed document and social science document. The National Standard Document Types and Document Carrier Codes (GB3469-83) classifies documents into 26 categories according to practical standards, namely: monographs, newspapers, periodicals, conference proceedings, compilations, dissertations, scientific reports, technical standards, patent documents, product samples, Chinese translations, manuscripts, reference tools, retrieval tools, files, charts, ancient books and so on.

In order to make the retrieval process, that is, document recognition and information query, go smoothly, both of them need to be expressed in some language. Only with the help of this language can document indexers and retrieval personnel have a common agreement and communicate with each other.

That is to say, the internal and external features of documents are described in a certain language when they are stored, and the information problems are expressed in a certain language when they are retrieved. This language, which connects the storage and retrieval of documents, and the indexer and the retrieval personnel to achieve mutual understanding and communication, is called the retrieval language Internet (Inter), which is a collection of global information resources.

There is a rough saying that INTER is a logical network that is interconnected by many small networks (subnets), and each subnet connects several computers (hosts). The purpose of Inter is to exchange information resources with each other through many routers and public Internet based on some common protocols. It is an information resource and resource.

Ask the landlord to send high marks, hehe! .