(A), narrative
It is a style with narrative and description as its main forms of expression and people, narrative, scenery and objects as its main contents.
1, the classification of narrative
(1) In terms of content and expression:
① Simple narration
② Complex narration
(2) From the perspective of different writing objects:
(1) the narrative is mainly written by people.
(2) Narrative narrative.
(3) Narrative mainly writes about scenery:
(4) Narration based on things.
(2) Description text
Description is the main form of expression, which is used to introduce or explain the state, nature, structure, function, production method, development process and reasons of things.
The formation, advantages and disadvantages of a style.
1, classification of descriptive text
From the description object (content)
(1) Entity Description
(2) explanation
③ Scientific papers
From the perspective of language expression
(1) Simple explanation
(2) Literary exposition
2. Explain the characteristics of the text.
(1) is very scientific in content.
(2) The structure is clear and organized.
(3) There is strict accuracy in language.
(3) Practical writing
Practical writing is a practical style that meets the actual needs of daily life, work and study.
1, types of practical writing
(1) letters
General letters and special letters (thank you letter, commendation letter, condolence letter, letter of introduction, open letter, confirmation letter, application, proposal, proposal,
Invitation letter), telegram, remittance
(2) Precautions
Diary, reading notes
(3) Official documents
Notice, bulletin, report (investigation report, scientific report), request, plan, summary, meeting minutes.
(4) Propaganda category
Advertising draft, speech draft, blackboard newspaper, news, newsletter, product manual.
(5) Notice
Apocalypse, poster
(6) etiquette
Invitation, greeting (congratulatory letter, telegram), condolence letter,
(7) contract
Articles (receipts, IOUs, receipts, IOUs, leave notes, message notes, etc.). ), contracts (agreements), conventions,
(8) Yearbook
Biography, local chronicles, family history (school history, village history)
(4) Argumentative essay
Argumentative writing is a common style, which directly expresses the author's views and opinions through facts and reasoning.
(1), the classification of argumentative papers
By content use:
① General political papers
② comments
(3) Prose (essays, essays, notes)
④ Post-reading feeling
According to the way of argument:
(1) Make a piece of paper
(2) refute the thesis
Second, literary genre (also known as literary style)
Literary genre refers to four main literary styles: poetry, prose, drama and novel.
(A), poetry
It is the earliest literary style in human society.
(2) Prose
It refers to a literary genre juxtaposed with poetry, drama and novel.
(1), the type of prose
(1) Narrative Prose: Prose that focuses on remembering people and narrating (narrative-oriented, supplemented by lyricism).
Lyric prose: prose that mainly expresses the author's feelings.
(3) Argumentative essay: an essay based on reasoning.
(3) Novel
Novel is a literary genre that focuses on portraying characters and reflects social life through complete stories and specific environmental descriptions.
(4) Other styles
Fairy Tales: A Type of Children's Literature
(2) Fable: A persuasive or ironic story.
(3) Fairy tales
(4) Folk stories
(5) Legend
(6) Memoirs
(5) Drama
2. Six essays of any genre in the fifth grade of primary school. Beautiful winter.
I like winter best. What I like to do in winter is to look for Grandpa Dong with steady steps and get in touch with him at zero distance. The cold winter comes quietly, the air conditioner comes frequently, and I am not idle. I am also "looking for" the happiness of winter.
When I came to Tiantou, my wheat and corn were covered with Grandpa Dong's white quilt. I was laughing happily! Grandpa Dong looked at Miss Liu and put silver on her. Grandpa Dong touched the earth and gave him new makeup. Grandpa Dong kissed the hut and covered him with a white uniform. ...
Came to the orchard, all white. What happened? Oh, it was Grandpa Dong who laid the carpet for the saplings. The saplings sleep comfortably under the warm carpet! Grandpa Dong smiled at us and walked away.
Come to the garden, look! Grandpa Dong is there, there! These flowers were put on cotton-padded jackets. The flowers are smiling, opening their arms and dressing happily. Grandpa Dong sent flowers one cotton-padded jacket after another.
Come to the river, there he is! He covered the river with a thick layer of crystal, crystal clear and beautiful! Children are dancing and singing happily on the river, and there is another "stage" for children to grow up happily. These are all the masterpieces of Grandpa Dong.
Grandpa Dong, you are around us, in any corner of the earth, and you have turned decay into magic, bringing joy to every living thing in the world!
Ah! In winter, you are so beautiful!
sunset glow
Some people like the stars in the sky and the bright moon, and try their best to draw them and praise them with beautiful language. I like the faint sunset glow.
Every evening, I will come to my balcony to watch the sunset glow. The picturesque scenery here makes people feel relaxed and happy, lingering. It makes people forget the troubles of the whole day and completely sleep in this colorful world.
At first, the sky was dark blue, the sun slowly set in the west, and several clouds were dyed reddish. The sun is red and gives off colorful light. The surroundings are very bright, and houses, trees, sex, poultry and people are all bathed in the afterglow of the sunset.
At this time, the sun has set on the treetops, and it has put away its dazzling light. Like a shy girl, blushing. There is a bright light around, and the circles are soft.
After a while, the sun went down even more. But its face is redder, like a big fireball, giving out soft light to the earth. At this moment, the sunset glow occupies half the sky, like a huge, magnificent and magnificent natural color map.
In a short time, two dragons appeared in the sky, playing with colorful beads, just like the "double dragons playing with beads" in fairy tales, flying around flexibly, playing and playing, becoming blurred.
Suddenly, another white rabbit came and ate tender grass on the grass. After a while, it raised its long ears warily, as if listening to something. Ah! It turned out that a fierce wolf was about to pounce on the rabbit. The clever little white rabbit jumped into the dark clouds, and the wolf disappeared with him.
The sky is like an animal world for a while, with all kinds of strange animals and wonders. One moment it's like a mountain, the other moment birds fly around, and the other moment it's like this. . My eyes are really flooded. Looking at it, my eyes are blurred and I can't see anything clearly.
The sun has completely set in the west, and the sunset glow is also in the birdsong of homing. People put away the last ray of light in laughter.
My wealth
Everyone is eager to have wealth, but different people have different views on wealth: some people think that wealth is money, some people think that wealth is wisdom, and some people think that wealth is power. I think wealth is friendship.
Friendship is like an oasis in the desert; Friendship is like a bright light at night; Friendship is like a boat on an isolated island.
If a person has no friends, he must be a person without wealth.
Why do I say friendship is wealth? Because without friendship, you lose the most precious wealth. Because everyone will be affectionate! Your friendship is not necessarily true, because there is no blood relationship between friends, but you can treat each other as brothers and sisters. But when I say friendship, I don't mean fair-weather friends bought with money and food, because fair-weather friends will only waste your money and distract your energy. And the friendship I'm talking about is bought with real relatives. When you are in trouble, a friend will lend you a helping hand. When you are on the verge of life, friends will spare no effort to save you; When you are helpless and lonely, friends will bring fun. Friends don't expect anything in return from these things.
In my opinion, wealth is not only friendship, but also affection, happiness and poverty. But in my heart, friendship is a rare treasure.
3. There are several styles of composition in primary schools.
Including: narrative, lyrical, argumentative, explanatory and practical.
(1) Narrative: It is a style with narrative and description as its main forms and characters, narrative, scenery and things as its main contents.
1, the classification of narrative
(1) In terms of content and expression:
① Simple narration
② Complex narration
(2) From the perspective of different writing objects:
(1) the narrative is mainly written by people.
(2) Narrative narrative.
(3) Narrative mainly writes about scenery:
(4) Narration based on things.
(2) Explanatory text: a style that takes explanation as the main expression and is used to introduce or explain the state, nature, structure, function, production method, development process, reasons, merits and demerits of things.
1, classification of descriptive text
From the description object (content)
(1) Entity Description
(2) explanation
③ Scientific papers
From the perspective of language expression
(1) Simple explanation
(2) Literary exposition
2. Explain the characteristics of the text.
(1) is very scientific in content.
(2) The structure is clear and organized.
(3) There is strict accuracy in language.
(3) Practical writing
Practical writing is a practical style that meets the actual needs of daily life, work and study, and has a certain format, short length, simplicity and popularity.
1, types of practical writing
(1) letters
General letters and special letters (thank you letter, commendation letter, condolence letter, letter of introduction, open letter, confirmation letter, application, proposal, proposal,
Just a mistake, telegram, remittance, etc.
(2) Precautions
Diary, reading notes
(3) Official documents
There are thirteen orders, decisions, announcements, circulars, notices, circulars, motions, reports, requests for instructions, replies, opinions, letters and minutes of meetings.
(4) Propaganda category
Advertising draft, speech draft, blackboard newspaper, news, newsletter, product manual.
(5) Notice
Apocalypse, poster
(6) etiquette
Invitation, greeting (congratulatory letter, telegram), condolence letter,
(7) contract
Articles (receipts, IOUs, receipts, IOUs, leave notes, message notes, etc.). ), contracts (agreements), conventions,
(8) Yearbook
Biography, local chronicles, family history (school history, village history)
(4) Argumentative essay
Argumentative writing is a common style that takes argumentation as the main way and directly expresses the author's views and opinions through facts and reasoning.
(1), the classification of argumentative papers
By content use:
① General political papers
② comments
(3) Prose (essays, essays, notes)
④ Post-reading feeling
According to the way of argument:
(1) Make a piece of paper
(2) refute the thesis
4. There are several styles, including narrative, explanatory, practical and argumentative.
(1) Narrative: It is a style with narrative and description as its main forms and characters, narrative, scenery and things as its main contents.
1, the classification of narrative
(1) In terms of content and expression:
(1) a simple narrative.
② Complex narrative.
(2) From the perspective of different writing objects:
(1) write a narrative.
(2) Narrative narrative.
(3) Narrative based on landscape writing.
(4) Narrative mainly tells things.
(2) Explanatory text: a style that takes explanation as the main expression and is used to introduce or explain the state, nature, structure, function, production method, development process, reasons, merits and demerits of things.
1, classification of descriptive text
From description object (content):
(1) Description of physical things.
(2) explanation.
(3) scientific essays.
From the perspective of language expression:
(1) Simple explanation.
(2) literature expository.
2, the characteristics of the text:
(1) is very scientific in content.
(2) The structure is clear and organized.
(3) There is strict accuracy in language.
③ Practical writing:
Practical writing is a practical style that meets the actual needs of daily life, work and study, and has a certain format, short length, simplicity and popularity.
1, types of practical writing:
(1) letters:
General letters and special letters (thank you letter, commendation letter, condolence letter, letter of introduction, open letter, confirmation letter, application, proposal, proposal,
Invitation letter), telegram, remittance.
(2) Precautions:
Diary, reading notes.
(3) Official documents:
There are thirteen orders, decisions, announcements, circulars, notices, circulars, motions, reports, requests for instructions, replies, opinions, letters and minutes of meetings.
(4) Propaganda category:
Advertising draft, speech draft, blackboard newspaper, news, newsletter, product manual.
(5) notification category:
Apocalypse poster.
(6) Etiquette:
Invitation, congratulatory letter (congratulatory letter, telegram), condolence letter.
(7) contract:
Articles (receipts, IOUs, receipts, IOUs, leave notes, messages, etc.). ), contracts (agreements) and conventions.
(8) Chronicle:
Biography, local chronicles, family history (school history, village history).
④ Argumentative paper:
Argumentative writing is a common style that takes argumentation as the main way and directly expresses the author's views and opinions through facts and reasoning.
(1), the classification of argumentative papers:
By content use:
(1) general political papers.
Two comments.
Prose (essays, essays, notes).
4 after reading.
According to the way of argument:
(1) Do a paper.
2 refute the paper.
5. The genre of the composition is divided into three elements: argument, argument and argument (the argument is clear, the argument is conclusive and the argument is rigorous). 1. Features of the argument: 1. The correct way to summarize the argument: 1, title 2, beginning 3, ending 4, middle: 1. Infer the argument by summarizing the similarity of the argument; 2. Summative words reflect the central argument. In short ...) (3) First find out the theme of the article, then find out the repeated similar judgment words in the article according to the theme, merge similar items, and finally draw a conclusion.
Note: The sentence of inductive argument must be a complete and clear sentence of affirmative judgment. Second, arguments factual arguments (such as real events, historical facts, statistical data, specific figures, etc.). Theoretical argumentation: (including people's recognized principles, formulas, definitions, laws, laws, famous sayings and aphorisms, etc. )
Summarize the main points of the argument: * * people+how to do it (closely related to the argument)+results Note: There may be some specific facts in the quotation, which belong to the factual argument. Third, the argumentation method and its function: example argumentation (case argumentation), citation argumentation (reason argumentation), metaphor argumentation and contrast argumentation (positive and negative contrast argumentation).
1, example method (putting facts): a specific and typical argument that has been fully proved. 2. Quote (reasoning): What is quoted to demonstrate an argument and make it convincing.
3. Metaphor (reasoning): Illustrate an argument in an image to make reasoning easier to understand. 4. Contrast method (reasoning): through comparison, highlight an argument and make reasoning more vivid.
Fourth, analyze the argumentative expression 1. The narrative in argumentative essays is often very general, and its function is to prove a point or proposition with facts. 2. There are sometimes vivid descriptions in argumentative essays. Function: Prove a point more vividly.
3. Lyricism in the discussion will make the discussion more infectious and deeply rooted in people's hearts. 5. Linguistic features of argumentative essays: preciseness and accuracy; Argumentation methods of intransitive verbs: argumentation and refutation; Seven. Argumentation structure: raising questions (introduction)-analyzing questions (papers)-solving problems (conclusions).
Narration 1. Common narrative clues 1. Character clue: the feelings or deeds of a character. 2. Item clue: something with special significance. 3. Emotional clues: the ideological and emotional changes of the author or the main characters in the works.
4, event clues: central events 5, time clues 6, location change clues to find clues: ① article title ② recurring events in each paragraph ③ lyrical statements in the article ④ the author's thoughts and feelings (changes) ⑤ the experience and feelings of a certain character: the orderly combination of the content of the article, the ideological character of the character, the ins and outs of things. Second, the narrative order is 1. Sequential narration: that is, according to the sequence of occurrence, development and ending (time sequence).
Function: Make the article clear, with a beginning and an end, and give people a vivid impression. 2. Flashback: Write what happened later in front, and then describe it in order.
Function: avoid straightforward narration, enhance the vividness and fascination of the article. 3. Interpolation: In the narrative process, due to the need of content, interrupt the narrative of the original plot, insert relevant plots or events, and then continue the original narrative.
Function (such as recalling the past): supplement and set off the central content (people or events) of the article, enrich the plot and deepen the theme. Third, the description method of people 1, portrait (appearance) description [including expression description] (describing appearance, clothing, expression, posture, etc. ): Explain the identity, status, situation, experience, mental state and ideological character of the characters.
2. Language (dialogue) description 3. Action (action) description: the image vividly shows the * * psychology (emotion) of the character, and embodies the * * personality characteristics or * * spiritual quality of the character. Sometimes it also promotes the development of the plot.
4. Psychological description: The image vividly reflects the * * thoughts of the characters and reveals the * * character or * * quality of the characters. 4. Description of environment: Description of natural environment and social environment (description of weather, seasons, mountains, lakes and seas, etc.): Render the atmosphere of environment, set off the emotions of the characters, predict their fate and promote the development of the story.
Social environment (describing the social situation or the scenes of people's activities and the layout and furnishings around (indoors)): explain the background of the * * era in which the story took place and render the * * environmental atmosphere. V. Discrimination of the meaning of words or sentences in narrative 1. Analyze the meaning of words in combination with specific contexts (that is, specific sentences, paragraphs, articles and contexts).
2. Pay attention to the meaning of words (positive, negative and neutral) and understand the original meaning, extended meaning, figurative meaning and polysemy of words. 3. Pay attention to tone or intonation.
4. The key point is the collocation between words. 5. Pay attention to the size and severity of semantic scope.
6. Pay attention to meaning (for example, dig out the noumenon or symbolic meaning of things in metaphor sentences and express them in easy-to-understand language). Sixth, the role of the opening sentence of the narrative 1, the opening point * * topic; 2. The full text of the general manager; 3, causing the following, paving the way for the following.
4. Set suspense to arouse the reader's interest or thinking. 5. Pave the way for the following * * 7. The role of the middle sentence in narrative 1, which is a transitional role between the preceding and the following; 2, the end of the paragraph plays a summary role; (Summarize the above; Lead to the following) 3. Pave the way for the following * * 4. Pave the way for the following * * plot 5. Promote the development of the plot 8. The function of the sentence at the end of the narrative is 1, and the title at the end of the article is * *; 2. Summarize the full text and deepen the * * center; 3. Echo from beginning to end; 4. Point out the center of * * and sublimate the theme; 5. Thought-provoking, inspiring and unforgettable.
6. Point 7. Care before and after. 8. Respond from beginning to end. 9. The function of sentences in expressing feelings 1. Render the atmosphere 2. Set off the character's * * personality (emotion) 3. Point out the center (reveal the theme) 4. Highlight the theme (deepening center) 10. Summarize the central meaning of the narrative. A lyrical argumentative essay at the beginning and end of a paragraph. 2. Coherent the theme of the main paragraphs of the article, summarize them comprehensively, and then point out the thoughts, feelings and attitudes expressed by the author.
(especially in lyric prose) 3. It can also be analyzed from the background of the times. 4. From the author's attitude towards people or things.
Xi。 Summary of paragraph meaning (1) Abstract syntax: find the central sentence as the meaning of the paragraph in the text (sometimes in the middle.
6. What are the styles of writing an article, that is, the genre of the article? There are six kinds that can be used in general writing:
1, narrative
(1) Definition: Narrative is a literary style with the main content of remembering people, narrating and describing scenery or objects, and narrative and description as the main forms of expression.
(2) Six elements: time, place, person, cause, course and ending of the event.
2. Explanatory text
(1) Definition: Explanatory writing is an article genre that gives people knowledge by explaining things and clarifying things as the main expression.
(2) Explain the characteristics, essence and regularity of things by revealing concepts. Explanatory text generally introduces the shape, structure, category, relationship and function of things, and explains the principle, significance, characteristics and evolution of things. Descriptive words are very practical, including advertisements, instructions, abstracts, tips, rules, articles of association, comments, scientific sketches and so on.
3. Argumentative essay
(1) Argumentative writing is a style of analyzing and commenting on a certain issue or thing and expressing one's own views, positions, attitudes, opinions and opinions.
(2) Three elements: argument, argument and argumentation.
4. Practical writing
Practical writing is a common style in daily life or work, including letters, plans, reports, contracts, summaries, instructions, applications, certificates, notes, bills (IOUs, receipts), notices and announcements.
5. Novel
The main style of literary works. By describing the complete story and the specific environment, we can create all kinds of characters and reflect social life in many ways.
China's novels originated from ancient myths and legends, and experienced the development process of Six Dynasties, Tang legends, Song and Yuan scripts, Ming Hui novels and May 4th modern novels.
According to the length of the article, it can be divided into long stories, medium stories and short stories; According to different contents, it can be divided into social novels, fairy tales, historical novels, scientific novels and detective novels.
6. Prose
In ancient times, prose was generally called prose, which did not rhyme or rearrange couples, including historical masterpieces. Modern prose refers to a literary genre on an equal footing with poetry, novels and plays.
Prose is characterized by a wide range of materials, "scattered in form and gathered in spirit"; Free form and flexible writing; Language is not limited by rhythm, and its expression is implicit and meaningful.
According to the different content and expression, it can be divided into:
Narrative-prose that focuses on remembering people, narrating, describing things and scenery.
Lyric prose-through the narrative description of characters, events or scenery, it achieves the purpose of supporting things, chanting ambitions and containing feelings in things. Symbols are often used to express the implied * * * of the author and guide people to remember and associate.
Discussion prose-reasoning is often carried out with the help of the brief description of the case, image description and emotional expression. There is no need for logical reasoning and rigorous argumentation.
Generally speaking, most senior high school compositions are best written as argumentative essays. Give 2-4 examples, the most important thing is to express your own views and reflect your own ideas. Such a composition can generally get an upper-middle grade. Of course, this is just a simple style, and some things are mixed together.
In addition, some other styles that can't be used in the exam generally include: poetry, fu, parallel prose, ci, etc. The following websites can let you know more.
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I hope I can help you.
7. What genre does junior high school composition test take? 1) Narrative (more common and simpler)
(1), definition: Narrative writing is a kind of literary style which takes remembering people, narrating and describing scenes or objects as its main forms of expression.
(2), six elements: time, place, people, the cause, process and ending of the event.
2) Novel
The main style of literary works. By describing a complete story and a specific environment, it has shaped various characters and reflected social life in many ways.
3) Prose is commonly used and easy to use.
In ancient times, prose was generally called prose, which did not rhyme or rearrange couples, including historical masterpieces. Modern prose refers to a literary genre on an equal footing with poetry, novels and plays.