Abstract: At present, the informatization level of domestic small and medium-sized enterprises is generally low, which is still a traditional growth model, and the technical equipment, informatization level and production mode are still relatively backward. Although many small and medium-sized enterprises realize the importance of informatization to enterprise development, it is still difficult for them to carry out informatization construction. This paper analyzes the present situation of informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises, and puts forward some suggestions on informatization construction on this basis.
[Keywords:] enterprise informatization; Accounting informatization; Management; information
Today, with the rapid development of economic globalization and information technology, enterprise informatization is a powerful weapon to promote the innovation and upgrading of enterprise work and improve management level and competitiveness. The informatization of enterprises in China is mainly based on ERP. Using ERP system to implement advanced management ideas into specific production and operation management process can bring organizational innovation, process optimization and management reform to 1 enterprise.
According to statistics, at present, there are about thousands of enterprises that systematically use ERP in China, mainly large state-owned joint-stock enterprises and joint ventures in economically developed areas. Many enterprises mainly use stand-alone applications, and the application level and efficiency are not high. Although the success rate of ERP implementation has increased to 20%, most of them are powerful large enterprises. The number of small and medium-sized enterprises accounts for 99% of enterprises in China, but only about 10% have implemented informatization, and the implementation effect is not ideal due to reasons such as capital, technical strength and management level. Therefore, it is particularly important to promote the informatization construction of small and medium-sized enterprises and improve their overall management level.
1, Information Construction Status of SMEs
1. Insufficient understanding of enterprise informatization construction
Enterprise informatization is a means for 1 enterprises to improve operating efficiency, improve service level and reduce operating costs. It is a comprehensive, systematic and scientific management of R&D, manufacturing, sales and service of enterprises by using information technology. Information management has broken through people's original ideas and updated the traditional management methods. According to the requirements of informatization, there are many unsuitable places in the concept, internal organizational structure and operation flow of enterprises at present, and irregular management has become the bottleneck for enterprises to promote informatization. Therefore, enterprise informatization must reform traditional management, otherwise, informatization management will be difficult to advance. At present, Internet-driven information construction has become the current and future development trend. Enterprise informatization is not a dispensable problem, but a problem of how to do it, how to do it well and how to speed up the process. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises do not know enough about this, and business leaders hesitate to think that informatization is 1, and their attitude is not very positive. Some enterprises think that the current benefits of enterprises are good, and they are not in a hurry to informatization; Some enterprises think that they have a poor foundation, lack of talents and can't be informationized. With these understandings, there is a lack of efforts to promote informatization and the depth of developing management information systems. Therefore, changing the concept of enterprise managers is the premise of enterprise informatization. Enterprise managers should regard the implementation of informatization as a 1 very urgent matter, which is related to the life and death of enterprises. Only by realizing management informatization can enterprises be invincible in the fierce market competition.
2. The goal of enterprise informatization is unclear.
By standardizing enterprise management, speeding up information transmission, participating in enterprise decision-making and collaborative work, informatization can achieve the purpose of enhancing enterprise competitiveness, improving economic benefits and ensuring sustainable development of enterprises. Many small and medium-sized enterprises believe that the purpose of enterprise informatization is to improve labor efficiency, replace manual labor, and improve the speed of information output, and these are only the goals in the early stage of informatization. If informatization is carried out according to this primary goal, it will inevitably lead to a serious waste of funds and manpower of enterprises, and will also affect the upgrading and development of informatization. Every enterprise should determine the goal of informatization according to its business strategic needs. Enterprise informatization should have a long-term business strategy. In addition, in the specific implementation, enterprises still lack clear quantitative information application objectives, most of which are macro qualitative objectives of 1, and few micro quantitative operation objectives, such as enterprise management foundation, management mode, enterprise inventory, enterprise production, enterprise market and enterprise strategy. And the goal of using the same indicators to reflect the management status of enterprises, without in-depth research and analysis, thus losing informatization.
3. Enterprise informatization is limited to accounting informatization.
At present, 1 small and medium-sized enterprises have realized the value of informatization and bought computers and 1 computerized software in succession, which is considered as the implementation of enterprise informatization. Actually, this is a very one-sided view. Many small and medium-sized enterprise managers have such a wrong view that office automation management and accounting informatization are regarded as enterprise informatization. Accounting informatization is an important part of enterprise informatization, but not all of it. Informatization requires the enterprise information system to cover the whole enterprise and all units associated with the enterprise.
4. Enterprise management is backward and innovation is not strong enough.
Small and medium-sized enterprises have been in an extensive management state for a long time, and cannot adapt to the application of advanced information management ideas and methods, such as ERP, supply chain, customer relationship management, e-commerce and other advanced management ideas and methods without a good management environment, which cannot take root, sprout, blossom and bear fruit in enterprises. At the same time, the innovation of enterprises is not strong enough to improve the backward management level of enterprises through innovation, so as to adapt to and meet the application of advanced management methods such as ERP. Even if enterprises do not carry out information management for the time being, they should improve their management level through innovation and solve the problems existing in enterprise management. The lack of innovation in enterprises is also reflected in the understanding of this issue by business leaders and the overall environmental problems in China. The overall environment has not yet formed enough for business leaders to make up their minds to change this traditional management mode to adapt to the development in the new economic environment.
2. Suggestions on information construction of small and medium-sized enterprises.
Enterprise informatization refers to the integrated management of enterprises by using computer technology, network technology and database technology on the basis of reorganization and optimization of business processes and production and operation activities, in order to realize the effective utilization of internal and external information and information resources of enterprises and improve their economic benefits and market competitiveness. Informatization is a 1 process, and the breadth and depth of informatization will continue to develop with the development of science and technology and the actual needs of production and business activities. For small and medium-sized enterprises to carry out information construction should pay attention to the following points.
1. gradually upgrade from accounting informatization to enterprise management informatization system.
According to the survey results of IT 168, the proportion of enterprise informatization application is: financial management 75%, office automation 12%, collaborative management 12%. As can be seen from the above data, the popularity of high-end applications is low. The implementation of informatization in enterprises needs a process of gradual understanding and deepening. Computerized accounting is the first step of enterprise informatization in China, and many enterprises have taken the lead in realizing computerized accounting. On this basis, enterprises can take computerized accounting as a breakthrough, and then gradually add other modules to continuously expand and upgrade informatization, so that computerized accounting can become a 1 part of enterprise management information system, and cooperate with other systems to help enterprises develop, achieve the purpose of enterprise management informatization, and continuously carry out enterprise informatization construction.
2. Select ERP software suitable for the enterprise.
Facing the global competition, it has become the consensus of many enterprises in China to apply ERP to enhance their competitiveness. A large number of small and medium-sized enterprises in the development stage need to adopt advanced management methods and tools to support the rapid development of enterprises. From the development history of enterprises in China, what we are facing now is the application stage of enterprise informatization represented by ERP. As an advanced technology and system of contemporary enterprise management, ERP plays an important historical role in the overall development of enterprises in China. Enterprises should choose suitable ERP software and analyze the characteristics and needs of their own enterprises. The more advanced the better. Advanced things are not 1, and will definitely be suitable for all enterprises. For small and medium-sized enterprises, it is best to choose medium-sized international software products, which not only has a reasonable investment of 1 in cost, but also is relatively difficult to realize, and the requirements of software for enterprise personnel are not very high. The product has comprehensive functions and can meet the needs of standardization and internationalization of enterprise management. In addition, the system selected by the enterprise should have a good scalability, friendly and open technology platform, and work closely with software enterprises in the whole implementation process with good technical support.
3. Strengthen data preparation.
Many enterprises think that informatization means talking with software companies and buying software, while ignoring the preparation of basic data. Some people use "3 points for technology, 7 points for management, 102 points for data" to describe the importance of data. Many enterprises didn't agree with it at first, but gradually realized its importance in the implementation process, because the data is incomplete and inaccurate. As long as there is a data problem of 1, it will affect the overall situation. Enterprises should do a good job in standardization and material coding, which is the basic work of informationization 1. Only by combining national standards and enterprise habits can enterprises with 1 be counted and enjoy the data.
4. Enterprise informatization can ask experts for guidance.
Informatization construction and implementation are 1 high-risk projects and 1 system projects. Enterprises can't "build a car behind closed doors", but should help enterprises to do this project well with the help of external brains. Therefore, enterprises should introduce management consulting. Before the enterprise implemented the information system, the business leaders of 1 had no concept. Without the implementation of the information system, it is impossible to deeply understand the whole information system. In this case, business leaders can make demands, and how to do it can be handed over to experienced experts or consultants for help. In the preparation stage, experts assist enterprises to do demand analysis, information management scheme, software selection, computer configuration, coding guidance, human capital investment planning and so on. In the implementation stage, there are more problems to be dealt with. Information system is 1 corporate behavior, which should be combined with corporate culture. The software system can't be used when it is bought back. Starting from the establishment of basic data, gradually promoting the implementation of the system, and handling abnormal situations all have practical application problems. At this time, experienced experts are needed to guide, which can shorten the implementation cycle and avoid detours, thus ensuring the successful implementation of the system.
5. Do a good job in training
Enterprises are required to train all employees in ERP and other advanced management ideas, so that all employees can accept new ideas, new methods, new ideas and new theories, and then transform them into productive forces. It is extremely necessary to organize training for different systems, different projects and different personnel. Due to the lack of training, the system implementation project was blocked, the project was postponed, and the system could not operate normally. Training should run through the whole system implementation process, and corresponding content training should be carried out every time 1 step is implemented. At the same time, it is necessary to solve the problem of "uncooked rice" in the implementation process, because with the implementation of the system, the understanding of the system is deepening, and new problems raised in combination with business must be solved through training. The forms of training can be varied, except for class training, meeting discussion, distributing study materials, organizing reading, leading relevant personnel of enterprises to visit users, and understanding the implementation of other enterprises, etc., which can be used as training forms and should be carried out flexibly according to the actual situation of enterprises. At the same time, the training can be included in the department assessment, and the key contents can be scored and recorded by the personnel department. The above means can enhance the training effect.
6. The implementation of informatization construction should be within our capabilities.
Due to limited funds and low management level, small and medium-sized enterprises should do what they can in informatization construction. Conditional can directly access to ERP and other management information systems. If there are difficulties, we can also start with solving outstanding problems in financial management, material management and sales management and gradually implement them. Enterprise informatization is not an unattainable and mysterious thing. The key is to suit the enterprise and prescribe the right medicine.
In short, enterprises must carry out information construction if they want to survive and develop. Small and medium-sized enterprises should adapt to the challenges of the new economic era and embark on the road of informationization in time, so that enterprises can be invincible in the fierce market competition.
Main references
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