1. Common quality problems in HVAC installation
1. 1 air conditioning equipment positioning and pipeline crossing
In the development of modern society, in the process of designing HVAC equipment, designers often use CAD software to design drawings, and before the design, they need to conduct surveys to determine the location of equipment and the intersection of pipelines, and then ensure the rationality of their design through scientific and reasonable calculation. However, in practical work, due to the designer's failure to carry out survey work before design or inaccurate survey work and inappropriate calculation method, this will lead to problems in the installation process of equipment, pipeline crossing, interference from many factors in the later installation process, and even loud noise or vibration in the operation of equipment, which will affect people's normal life and not be conducive to the normal use of equipment.
1.2 water circulation of air conditioning chilled water system
This problem is the most common quality problem in HVAC equipment installation. When this problem occurs in the equipment, it will affect the effect of water circulation in the pipeline. According to the summary, it is found that the main reasons for this problem are as follows: (1) The water circulation pipeline intersects with other pipelines, and the installation personnel did not deal with the project, which affected the water circulation effect of the air conditioning chilled water system; (2) Before the installation of the chilled water system, the constructors failed to clean the pipes that need to be installed, and the pipes were blocked when they were installed and put into use, which affected their normal use and caused the equipment to fail to give full play to its use function; (3) During the installation of HVAC equipment, the construction personnel did not install it in strict accordance with relevant regulations; The selected pipe does not meet the design requirements, or its quality has not been strictly tested; Condensate pipes collide during installation; Or the thickness of thermal insulation material on the pipeline surface does not meet the requirements, which will lead to the dripping phenomenon of chilled water system and affect the normal use of HVAC equipment; In addition, some construction units have invested unreasonable funds, resulting in various problems in the construction process. In addition, the management personnel did not manage it reasonably, which led to the large energy consumption of HVAC equipment in the operation process, causing certain economic losses, and could not give full play to the use function of building projects and meet people's requirements.
2. Some control elements for heating and ventilation.
2. 1 Reasonable setting of indoor temperature
In practical work, the main purpose of indoor temperature setting is to meet people's requirements for indoor temperature and ensure the normal operation of HVAC equipment. In cold winter, in order to ensure high indoor temperature, air-conditioning equipment consumes relatively high energy, while in hot summer, the indoor temperature requirement is low, which requires air-conditioning equipment to release more cold energy during operation, both of which will consume a lot of energy. Therefore, only if we set the indoor temperature reasonably, then the air conditioner will operate normally according to this set value, which will also reduce energy consumption and achieve the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection.
2.2 Reasonable control of outdoor fresh air volume
Reasonable control of outdoor fresh air volume is helpful to establish a good ventilation and heating system. As long as the outdoor fresh air volume of air conditioning system is strictly and reasonably controlled and effectively used, the energy consumption of air conditioning system can be saved more effectively. The greater the fresh air volume of the air conditioning system, the greater the energy consumption of the system. Therefore, we should try to control the outdoor fresh air volume to the minimum required at last. Under normal circumstances, the minimum fresh air volume of air conditioning system in winter and summer needs to be set according to the requirements of human health and hygiene, dilute harmful substances, compensate local exhaust, and ensure a certain positive pressure value in air-conditioned rooms. When the influence of indoor dust or odor is relatively small, it is suggested to configure corresponding purification devices, and adjust and determine the original minimum fresh air volume standard appropriately. In a predictable customer environment, better energy-saving effect can be achieved by manually adjusting the fresh air valve of the air conditioning system.
2.3 Correct use of fresh air volume
If the air conditioning system is used continuously, fresh air should be used correctly according to the seasonal climate change. In winter and summer, fresh air can obviously be used to save energy. In the corresponding transition season, we also need to pay attention to this problem, make reasonable adjustments and use new parts correctly. When the temperature is low in transition season, outdoor fresh air can be fully used as the cold source of air conditioning system. In winter and transitional seasons, the cold air provided indoors can make full use of the cold energy of outdoor fresh air. All outdoor fresh air can be introduced, thus shortening the service time of artificial cold source and air conditioning system, and finally realizing natural ventilation and heating. In the system with temperature and humidity adjustment requirements at the same time, the change of working conditions can be properly adjusted and effectively regulated according to the outdoor dry bulb temperature and return air temperature, so as to better realize the energy-saving effect.
3. Key links and matters needing attention
3. 1 Manufacture and installation of air duct
The manufacture and installation of air duct is one of the basic projects in HVAC installation. At present, the manufacture and installation of air ducts in China are usually carried out by combining mechanical and manual production, in which mechanical production is the main one. At the initial stage of production, the operation should be carried out in strict accordance with the design drawings. At the same time, possible cross-construction projects such as water supply and drainage pipelines, electrical lines and environmental control lines need to be fully considered, and appropriate coordination schemes need to be determined according to actual construction conditions. Support and hanger production projects and duct production projects are carried out at the same time. The air duct can be connected into a pipe section on the ground, and the appropriate length is10-20m. After the air duct is hoisted to the required height, it is fixed by the hanger, and can be equipped with a movable elevator to facilitate the construction work.
3.2 Reasonable arrangement of pipelines
Strictly abide by the relevant process requirements and arrange all kinds of pipelines and threading tools. Especially when there are problems such as occupying the same space or crossing each other, the management personnel of the construction site should deal with them in time, make concrete analysis and judgment based on the design drawings, and find that the design is unreasonable. They should quickly communicate with the designers and the construction party and make appropriate adjustments to ensure the reasonable layout of various pipelines. It is necessary to control the length of air duct reasonably, which is helpful to reduce the installation difficulty in construction.
3.3 Correct installation of air conditioning and related equipment
Whether the installation of air conditioning and related equipment is correct and reasonable directly affects the quality of the project. During the installation of air conditioner, the connection parts of inlet and outlet pipes should be tightly sealed, and the slope of condensate pipe should meet the drainage standards and requirements of air conditioner. In the process of installing the muffler, the installation direction must be correct, the circulating direction of airflow needs to be accurately marked on the muffler shell, and the bracket and hanger need to be set correctly respectively. In the process of fan installation, it is necessary to reasonably control the distance between the impeller and the fan shell to prevent collision during operation.
4. Concluding remarks
HVAC system and air conditioning equipment are important infrastructure in building engineering, and their installation quality directly affects the full play of building engineering functions. In order to ensure the purpose of energy saving in the use of building engineering, it is necessary to design it reasonably, and then carry out the construction in strict accordance with the design requirements, and fully consider the problems, so as to effectively ensure the installation quality of HVAC equipment and make the equipment meet the requirements of stable operation. Through the above, we simply analyzed the problems and solutions in the installation of HVAC system and air conditioning equipment. I believe everyone already knows them. Practice has proved that installers need to combine them organically in practical work in order to improve the quality of the whole project and realize the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection.
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