This paper discusses the relationship between the promotion of Putonghua and the protection of dialects, and holds that they are not contradictory. Advocating the use of Putonghua in formal or public places, using dialects in private places and building a "bilingual" society are the correct attitudes and practices. This paper analyzes the problems existing in dialect protection, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve dialect protection: at this stage, the relevant state departments should organize in-depth investigation and collation of dialect protection; Protect and develop unique operas and operas; In dealing with dialect programs, there should be a relatively loose policy to facilitate the development and innovation of dialect programs. ?

Keywords Mandarin; Dialect; Dialect protection?

The Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Language and Characters stipulates that the second national common language and characters are Mandarin and standardized Chinese characters; Article 3 stipulates that the state promotes Putonghua and standardizes Chinese characters. Therefore, the promotion of Putonghua has been written into the laws of our country. However, due to China's vast territory, complex terrain, numerous nationalities, population migration and different pronunciations in different regions, dialects have been formed after considerable development. ?

In modern society, even though there is a law that the national common language of our country is Putonghua, the law was made after the appearance of language, and the law was made for only a few decades. The circulation of language has never stopped since the birth of mankind. Therefore, the importance of dialects is higher than that of Putonghua to some extent. Mandarin as an official language and dialect as a regional language shine brilliantly on different stages, and they can coexist harmoniously. As one of the important measures to protect dialects, the appearance and development of dialect programs have contributed to the protection of dialects to a certain extent, which not only satisfies the entertainment of the audience, but also makes dialects attract people's attention. ?

1. There is no contradiction between promoting Putonghua and protecting dialects?

There is nothing wrong with promoting Putonghua. As many people have pointed out, it is not only conducive to strengthening contacts and exchanges between people in various regions, but also conducive to narrowing the gap between regions, enhancing national cohesion, strengthening and consolidating the status of Putonghua as a "national language" and promoting cultural exchanges between countries. The local language, bearing the history and culture of a region for many years, has a profound humanistic atmosphere, and plays an irreplaceable role in contacting the nostalgia and promoting family ties. Therefore, dialect highlights the significance of cherishing historical memory and inheriting spiritual heritage. On the issue of promoting Putonghua and inheriting dialects, Chen Binghua thinks that "the correct and practical way is to treat dialects well while vigorously promoting Putonghua." Advocating the use of Putonghua in formal or public places, using dialects in private places and building a "bilingual" society are the correct attitudes and practices. ?

Second, the important role played by the government and the media in the process of dialect protection?

As early as 1980s, many scholars began to investigate and sort out dialects, and published many dialects dictionaries and series. In order to formulate effective protection measures, the central and local governments in China have organized a general survey of intangible cultural heritage, including dialects. On the basis of census, many places have established or are about to establish intangible cultural heritage protection databases. ?

Nowadays, the development and perfection of multimedia has also become an important platform for the whole society to protect dialects. Many radio, TV programs and movies mainly in dialects are now deeply loved by the audience. In particular, TV media has played a considerable role in the protection and dissemination of dialects, and many local TV stations have successively launched dialect programs and self-made dialect short plays. With the popularity of TV series with obvious dialect characteristics and the addition of dialect-related elements in many movies, dialects have attracted more and more attention. For example, in the Spring Festival Evening every year, there are naturally language programs including cross talk and sketches, many of which are deeply welcomed and concerned by the audience. In addition, dialect folk songs and dialect folk arts also appeared in various parties and stages. All these make national languages and dialects gradually break through the geographical restrictions, and more and more are presented to us, which makes dialects spread and protected to a certain extent. ?

As the fastest spreading media, online media has also become an important carrier of dialect protection and inheritance. Homemade plays, articles, operas, etc. It can be spread more conveniently through the network in dialects; In addition, the state and local governments have also established dialect protection websites to communicate with netizens, so as to facilitate people to understand the current situation of dialects and national languages. Internet forums have also become a broad and free platform for people to understand dialects, protect dialects and exchange protection experiences. ?

Third, what are the problems in dialect protection?

In addition, there are still many problems in the process of dialect protection. For example, at present, China lacks corresponding laws and regulations to effectively protect dialects. On the other hand, due to the influence of region, culture and economy, the development space of national languages and dialects is relatively insufficient. At present, there are few languages involved in the existing laws and regulations on ethnic languages in China, only Mongolian and other minority languages, and most ethnic languages and dialects have no legal protection measures. In addition, there are still some problems in the process of dialect protection, such as imperfect management, lack of goals and protection standards. On the one hand, there is a lack of funds for protection and management, on the other hand, there is a lack of professionals. In short, there are various difficulties in the process of dialect protection. ?

Four. Countermeasures and suggestions for improving dialect protection?

First of all, at this stage, the relevant state departments should organize in-depth investigation and collation, increase efforts to support the development of related dialects, set up protection organizations, train a group of professionals, increase the investment of special funds, and promote the development of dialect protection activities nationwide. ?

Secondly, many regions have unique local operas and operas, such as Kunqu Opera and Yue Opera in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, which are the essence of China traditional culture. We can also properly carry out publicity and teaching in related fields, so that we can not only inherit our traditional Quyi culture, but also protect dialects to a certain extent, killing two birds with one stone. ?

Finally, in dealing with dialect programs, relevant departments should formulate more relaxed policies, attach importance to the development and innovation of dialect programs, and realize the "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend" of TV language programs. ?

5. Dialect programs become an effective means to protect local dialects?

1. What are the causes of dialect programs?

At present, the forms of dialect programs are mostly livelihood news and entertainment programs. On the one hand, the rise of dialect programs is to improve the ratings and meet the growing entertainment needs of the audience. Cultural identity refers to the social psychological process in which individuals form a sense of belonging and inner commitment to their own culture and cultural groups, thus maintaining and innovating their own cultural attributes. The rise of dialect programs has met the psychological needs of local audiences for cultural identity to some extent. On the other hand, a considerable number of dialect programs are also launched to promote local culture, better protect and inherit local dialects, and at the same time provide help and convenience for foreigners to learn dialects. ?

2. What are the characteristics of dialect programs?

Dialect has its unique charm, and dialect programs are more vivid, interesting and humorous. The high ratings of dialect programs lie in their accurate audience positioning and friendly program forms. The program will be welcomed in terms of perspective and life, not only close to people's livelihood, but also in various forms. At the same time, the language expression of dialect program hosts is more localized and relaxed. ?

Strong civic flavor is also one of the magic weapons for dialect programs to win. Dialect programs pay more attention to the parents around ordinary people, and the content directly hits the market life, making the audience feel very close when watching the program. Japanese scholar Yuro Takeuchi believes that the purpose of people's contact with the media is to meet their own needs, which is related to social factors and personal psychological factors. Dialect programs will gradually get people's favor because they meet the needs of the audience to a certain extent. ?

3. What great contribution has the broadcasting and development of dialect programs made to dialect protection?

Conceptually, dialect programs focus on promoting local culture; In the selection and content of the program, more attention is paid to being close to the people and life. The broadcasting and development of dialect programs can not only promote and spread dialects, but also meet the needs of entertainment to a certain extent and enrich the forms of TV programs. As the saying goes, "one side breeds one side with water and soil", dialect programs formed by using local resources and characteristics will make the audience sound fresher, and for local people, they will also have a sense of intimacy and belonging. The vigorous development of dialect programs has a great influence on people's language use, which not only meets the cultural needs of audiences in specific areas, but also provides a platform for foreigners to learn dialects. It has played an important role in promoting and protecting dialects. ?

Sixth, the conclusion?

Dialect is the crystallization of the wisdom of ancient working people. It is not only a language, but also a carrier of different regional cultures in China. Behind the dialect, there is rich diversity of China traditional culture. Therefore, protecting dialects is to protect and inherit Chinese culture from another angle. Nowadays, in this society where Putonghua is widely popularized, the investigation and protection of dialects is also aimed at creating a language environment with multilingual coexistence and harmonious development, and it is also the proper direction of language evolution and development in the future. ?