First, the role of design experiment in cultivating practical ability and innovation ability
From the nature of the experiment, it can be divided into two levels: demonstration, verification and operational experiment, and comprehensive, designed and innovative experiment. The former is the understanding and mastery of knowledge; The latter's comprehensive experiment is between two levels. The designed experiment is to cultivate practical ability and research ability, while the innovative experiment embodies the highest level of experimental effect.
What is a design experiment? Its main feature is that the teacher only gives the experimental object, objectives, requirements, technical indicators, completion period and acceptance method, and the students complete the experimental implementation plan, technical route, component selection, specific production and debugging methods, index test and so on. For example, all kinds of electronic competitions are concrete manifestations of design experiments, because the competition rules contain basic requirements and autonomous requirements. In fact, autonomous play combines the connotation of innovative experiments. Therefore, the design experiment plays an irreplaceable role in cultivating students' practical ability and innovation ability. To sum up, it has the following characteristics and effects:
1. Because the whole process of designing experiment is completed by students independently, the initiative of the experiment lies with students, and students' subjective initiative and enthusiasm can be brought into full play, which is the premise of cultivating students' practical ability and innovative spirit.
2. The requirement of design experiment is not the simple synthesis of the usual verification and demonstration experiments, but it is closer to the engineering practice and comprehensively uses the learned knowledge to design and realize the project, which contains innovative factors. Therefore, it is challenging and stressful for students, which can stimulate students' interest, which is the source of power to cultivate students' practical ability and innovative spirit.
3. Through the whole process of task analysis, scheme formulation, circuit conception, hardware design, software writing, step-by-step testing, production realization, system debugging, index testing, performance improvement and report writing, students can not only comprehensively apply the theoretical knowledge they have learned, but also expand their research horizons to related knowledge fields, and get in touch with some advanced components and apply them. The ability of hands-on practice will be really exercised, the ability to find and deal with problems will be substantially improved, and the quality of innovation will be formed and improved in this subtle process.
4. Because the implementation of the designed experiment must go through the whole process from the first step to the last step independently, everyone's scheme and implementation method are different. As a whole, students' creativity, design ability and implementation ability have been fully exerted, and many ideas that have made practical contributions to engineering and society have sprouted. The requirements and technical indicators of designing experiments are also conducive to promoting students' technical exchange and discussion in the implementation process, inspiring each other and learning from each other's strengths. The atmosphere and conditions for team work to solve problems are beyond the ability of the experimental instructor.
Design experiment is the experimental teaching direction advocated by the school, which needs to be actively constructed and realized, but there are some problems that need to be straightened out and solved at present:
First, the functional departments have neglected the understanding of the nature of the curriculum. Even the simple demonstration or verification experiment of the course of theory plus experiment still has the problem of loss and supplement of components, so it is necessary to consider the support of experimental funds, especially the design experiment. However, when making a teaching plan, it is often not included in the budget, but treated as a purely theoretical course. Without the support of teaching funds, it is a beautiful fantasy to carry out design experiments.
Secondly, the construction of design experiments has not been widely carried out, which is restricted by the types and quantity supply of electronic components. Because there are many students taking elective courses, in order to give full play to students' potential and achieve unique experimental design effects, it is necessary to provide enough design requirements and tasks for different topics. On the one hand, teachers need to shoulder the burden of technical support; On the other hand, the school must be able to provide enough components, which is the material basis and condition for the smooth development of design experiments and needs to be seriously considered and treated.
Second, student-centered and open experimental teaching.
Open experimental teaching focuses on cultivating students' practical ability, innovative consciousness and innovative ability, stimulating students' enthusiasm and interest in innovation, and giving spare students a space for independent development and practical exercise.
Organize students to participate in open experiments, and truly realize student-centered in the teaching process; Teachers not only guide students, but also gain new ideas and motivation from students, which truly embodies the advantages of teaching and learning. Students choose experimental items independently according to their study time and energy, reserve experimental time, and exercise their hands-on ability and innovation ability in experimental operation. The laboratory tries its best to provide experimental conditions and funds for students and guide teachers and students to solve problems encountered in the experiment. Students are required to carefully observe experimental phenomena, record and process experimental data in time, and constantly expand their knowledge.
For some self-selected experimental topics, students can be encouraged to do more market research, design their own topics according to product requirements and market demand, and attach detailed instructions to the paper to facilitate market promotion. Making open experiments not limited to experiments, but transformed into product design and development can greatly expand students' thinking and improve their practical ability.
Third, enrich college students' extracurricular activities and organize students to participate in various electronic competitions at all levels.
Establish a student innovation center, set up different product design and research topics, students can also make some small productions and inventions according to their hobbies, and encourage students to actively participate in various electronic design competitions. Regular academic lectures can enable students to obtain a lot of information and have a deeper understanding of electronic information technology.
In addition, establish and improve off-campus practice bases and strengthen cooperation in Industry-University-Research. The cultivation of high-quality talents can not be separated from superior conditions and excellent environment. On the basis of improving basic experimental facilities, establish and improve off-campus practice bases, establish extensive contacts with schools, enterprises and scientific research units, jointly undertake the responsibility of personnel training, organize students to visit, practice and work in a planned way, expand students' horizons, increase their opportunities to contact society and understand the latest development of science and technology. ?