Guitar is a very old musical instrument, and its history far exceeds that of piano and violin. As early as 3000 BC, the harp, the prototype of guitar, appeared in ancient Egypt. Because the evolution of guitar is not a single-line development and lacks early written records, there are different opinions about the development from lyre to modern guitar. There are two authoritative opinions: 1 Guitar originated from the Asian lute and spread to Spain around the 8th century AD through Egypt, Persia and Arabia. The long-necked lute discovered in Mesopotamia gradually evolved into a modern guitar.
/kloc-There are two kinds of guitars popular in Spain in the 20th century: Latin guitar and Moore guitar (four-string guitar). /kloc-in the 0/6th century, the piano of Bivela reappeared. There are three ways to play: dial, point and bow. During this period, many great performers appeared, such as Milan and Mudala.
When Spain's Beavila was in its heyday, the lute in other parts of Europe also developed actively, and many composers and performers appeared, such as Galileo (the father of Italian astronomer Galileo), Gautier and john doolan. With the appearance of harpsichord at the end of 17, pipa disappeared. During this period, Spain's Binel added a fifth string to the Latin guitar. 1586, Alat published a guitar course, which made the five-string guitar develop rapidly to other parts of Europe.
/kloc-During the Baroque and Rococo periods in the 0/8th century, the development of keyboard music and bowstring music reached its peak, but the guitar was at a standstill.
/kloc-at the end of 0/8 and the beginning of 2009, the guitar began to revive. During this period, countless great musicians emerged in the history of guitar: Sol, aguado, Giuliani and so on. They created a large number of rich and precious guitar works, some of which are still regarded as excellent songs in guitar concerts. At that time, Weber, Berlioz, Paganini and other musicians all played the guitar and composed music for it, especially Paganini wrote 43 short songs for the guitar, and other types of works exceeded 65,438+000, including trio.
/kloc-in the middle of the 0/9th century, due to the prosperity of piano and symphony, guitar once again entered a declining decade.
/kloc-at the beginning of the 0/9th century, a sixth string was added to the guitar. In 1950s, the Spanish guitar producer Torres set the standard of modern guitar, and modern guitar was really born.
/kloc-At the end of 0/9th century, a great guitar musician, Tarrega, appeared. He was called "the father of modern guitar". He deeply studied the expressive force of guitar and successfully adapted the works of Bach, Beethoven, Chopin and other masters into guitar music, which greatly enriched the guitar repertoire. He established his own teaching system, created a large number of etudes, taught Lubbert, Puyol and other students, and influenced almost all guitarists in the 20th century.
Tarrega's disciples made great contributions to the revival of guitar in the early 20th century. The real prosperity of guitar should be attributed to andres segovia, the greatest guitarist and educator in history. He made three major contributions: 1 played famous piano and violin music on the guitar, which caused great sensation and influence in the music industry, and finally made the guitar reach the highest position in the history of one of the three major musical instruments in the world. Tours and exchanges around the world have made musicians and people around the world realize the charm of the guitar and inspired a large number of composers to compose for the guitar, such as Pang Sai, Vera Robles and Rodrigo. He traveled all over the world to conservatories of music, opened a classical guitar major and taught it. His students john williams, Julian Bream, Parkin, Diaz and Thomas are all world-class guitarists. Segovia's achievements made him known as a master of Spanish art together with the modernist painter Picasso and cellist casals.
The two guitar concertos "Alain Huisz" and "Fantasia for a Gentleman" by Rodrigo, a famous contemporary composer, are milestones in the history of guitar art, which have proved the diverse performances and rich expressive force of the guitar to the world. In addition, excellent composers such as Cass Telnovo-tedesco, Turinna and Toroba have also created many guitar music with strong artistic quality, and the guitar in the 20th century has been fully revived.
Excellent guitar composers and performers emerged in the 20th century. Composers include barrios of Paraguay and Blavy of Cuba. Performers include Spanish yepes, British bream and Australian Williams.
Since the 20th century, guitar music has obviously diversified, and there are various phenomena in both the playing style of guitar, the form of guitar music and the instrument itself.
This is a brief introduction to the history of guitar in my graduation thesis. I hope it helps you.