According to my experience in writing papers, I summarized some methods of writing abstracts:

1, the number of abstract words should be appropriate.

2. The abstract should be independent.

3. The abstract should have a reasonable structure. The four elements of "A" are purpose, method, result and conclusion.

The following is an example of the abstract of the paper I collected:

A Brief Talk on the Strategies of Improving the Mathematical Oral Calculation Ability in Primary Schools

Abstract: Mathematical oral calculation ability is the most basic calculation ability in learning mathematics. Effective oral arithmetic teaching in primary schools is conducive to developing students' agility, flexibility, profundity and creativity. In practical teaching, we should first cultivate students' good habits of oral calculation, so as to see, think, calculate and check; Secondly, pay attention to the cultivation of oral calculation and master various ingenious calculation methods; At the same time, rich and interesting training methods such as games should be adopted to improve students' oral expression ability.