Student Name: Student ID:

Professional industry:

Instructor:

Requirements for reporting at the beginning of the year, month and date

1. Opening report is one of the basic materials for graduation design (thesis) defense committee to examine students' defense qualifications. This report should be completed by students in the early stage of graduation design (thesis) under the guidance of the instructor, and it will take effect after being signed by the instructor.

2. The contents of the opening report must be written neatly with black ink pen, or printed in the standard format of electronic documents designed by the system 1 (foreign language department website). It is forbidden to cut and paste on other test papers after printing, and it should be handed over to the instructor for signature after completion.

3. Students should refer to five or more references (excluding dictionaries and handbooks), and the number of words in the opening report should be more than 1000 words.

4. The date of year, month and day should be written in Arabic numerals according to GB/T 7408-94 Data Elements and Exchange Format, Information Exchange, Date and Time Representation, such as "September 26th, 2004" or "September 26th, 2004".

1. The research significance of this topic

2. The basic content of this topic.

3. The emphases and difficulties of this topic.

4. Outline of the thesis

Step 5 refer to

6. Research progress

Opinions of the instructor on the opening of the thesis after graduation;

(Views on the depth, breadth and workload of this topic)

Instructor:

Comments from the Department on Year, Month and Day:

Head of department:

date month year

Experimental report on the biological influence of waste batteries

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Lecturer: XXX

Environment is the basic condition for human survival and development, and it is the foundation of material civilization construction. Environmental pollution and ecological destruction have worsened the quality of working and living environment, threatening people's health. The essence of environmental protection is the material basis for the sustained, stable and coordinated development of material production activities. A small button cell can pollute 600 cubic meters of water, which is equivalent to a person's lifetime drinking water; A dry battery can pollute 12 cubic meter of water and 1 cubic meter of soil, causing permanent public hazards. ...

Two centuries have passed since the first chemical power source, the voltaic cell, was invented. During this period, batteries have made great contributions to mankind. Especially since the 1970s, more and more electronic products, such as mobile phones, BP machines and notebook computers, have entered consumers' daily lives, which has greatly developed the battery family. However, everything has advantages and disadvantages, and a large number of discarded batteries have brought great pollution to the human environment. According to the test, a button cell can pollute 600,000 liters of water, which a person can't drink all his life. One section 1 battery rotted in the ground, which can make one square meter of land lose its use value. What a shocking number, so our research group chose this topic, hoping to learn more about it, so as to do something for the recycling of used batteries and make some contributions to our environmental protection cause.

In people's daily life, the used waste dry batteries are not well recycled, resulting in waste and environmental pollution. In fact, only a small part of the zinc shell of waste dry batteries has been lost, and manganese dioxide has only played a little role in oxidation. Carbon powder, graphite rods and copper caps are far from being consumed. If it can be recycled, it will produce good economic and social benefits.

However, not all waste batteries are dangerous and untouchable. Different types of batteries have great differences in environmental pollution and should be treated differently. Some batteries, such as alkaline dry batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries, will not cause serious harm to the environment, but some batteries, such as cadmium-nickel batteries, contain harmful substances, which may directly endanger people's health if they enter the environment for a long time. Waste batteries contain toxic substances such as mercury, cadmium, lead and zinc. If people are poisoned by mercury, it will damage the central nervous system and the mortality rate is as high as 40%. The main harm of cadmium is nephrotoxicity, and it can also cause "pain" (causing osteoporosis, rickets and fractures), and it is also a carcinogen; Eating lead-containing food will affect the synthesis of enzymes and normal heme, and affect the nervous system;

Harm of waste batteries: Mercury discarded from natural batteries will slowly overflow from the batteries, enter the soil or water source, and then enter the human body through crops, damaging the human kidneys. Under the action of microorganisms, inorganic mercury can be converted into methyl mercury, which will gather in fish. After people eat this fish, methylmercury will enter human brain cells, seriously damage people's nervous system, and even lead to madness and death. The famous Minamata disease in Japan is caused by methylmercury. Cadmium seeps out to pollute the land and water, and finally enters the human body, causing damage to the liver, kidney and cartilage, and in severe cases, causing bone deformation. The leakage of acid and heavy metal lead contained in automobile waste batteries into nature will cause soil and water pollution, which will eventually do harm to people.

Heavy metal pollution threatens human health. If people ignore the treatment of heavy metal pollution, they will eventually swallow the bitter fruit of self-brewing. Therefore, it is more and more important to strengthen the recycling of used batteries. Let's control the pollution of waste batteries from scratch. Double hardness