Today's world belongs to the era of "intellectual warfare", with a sharp increase in knowledge content and a sharp increase in the proportion of intelligence, so that we can play more skillfully and better. It is very beneficial to study and explore its universality, regularity and times, especially the development and interaction between military and science and technology. Fundamentally speaking, the interaction between military and science and technology is the relationship between "locomotive" and "propeller"-military is the locomotive of science and technology, which drives the development of science and technology; Science and technology are military propellers, which promote military innovation.

Military is the "locomotive" of science and technology

Military demand, like a mountain, represents the height of scientific and technological development, so the army is called the "condenser" of science and technology. Marx put it most clearly: "the large-scale use of machines by human beings began with war." Historical facts fully show that it is under the stimulation of military demand that some major scientific fields have been developed and many technical devices have been manufactured. Today, without these devices, social production and life would be unimaginable. Ballistics, probability theory, radar, automatic systems, aircraft, aerodynamics, rockets; Are the focus of operational needs at that time. Even the word "engineering" first appeared in the18th century, especially the work of making weapons and serving the army. Engineers were first trained in the military academy run by Napoleon (1769— 182 1). The famous American Military Academy at West Point is the first engineering college in the history of American engineering education. Today, the United States admits that its "military model" is "building security on the basis of making full use of science and technology".

Looking around, the highlights and peaks of many "civilian" technologies today are the results of "military" technologies. Where was the world's first electronic computer born? One is ENIAC, which started operation in the United States on February 1946; A "giant" who said 1944 started running in Britain. However, in any case, Britain is used to decipher passwords, the United States is used to calculate ballistics, and the first two computers are used to fight. The Internet, which is now popular all over the world, was developed by ARPAnet under the sponsorship of ARPA, the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the US Department of Defense. Now the familiar GPS navigation system also comes from the military. Today's two space powers, the United States and Russia, used to rely on the early German V-2 rocket. Germany used more than 20,000 prisoners of war in the V-2 project and killed more than 2,000 people in the attack on London. 1945 At the end of World War II in February, Eisenhower suddenly received the Pentagon's "paper clip operation plan": attack Penemende in the Baltic Sea immediately, and search for German rocket experts and all technical data at all costs. Almost at the same time, zhukov and others also received a secret order from the Kremlin: seize Penemende before the US military, gather all scientists, technicians and ordinary workers engaged in rocket research and manufacturing, as well as technical files and equipment, and transport them back to the Soviet Union.

Technology is the "propeller" of the army.

The promotion of science and technology, like the sea, represents the depth of military innovation, so science and technology is known as the "catalyst" of the military. Marx and Engels have long had a classic exposition on the importance of science and technology: "The productive forces created by the bourgeoisie in its less than one hundred years of class rule have exceeded all the productive forces created in all previous times, or even more."

It's huge. "("* * * producer's statement "). As for the influence of modern scientific and technological revolution on military revolution, it goes without saying. US Admiral Owens said: "The argument that the RMA will take a long time to complete is just sticking to the old practice. And the old practice is no longer suitable for the new army we can have. We should make great strides, because the United States has advanced technology, which can make us leap forward. "

Taking the Iraq war as an example, the French "Express" commented: "Real-time command attack, satellite communication, night vision goggles, GPS guided bombs, drones; High technology is impacting the US military strategy. " The article holds that the Iraq war is a turning point in the history of modern war, and the joint deployment of the armed forces of the army, navy and air force has since become possible, and "the equipment of high-tech war has reached an unprecedented advanced level, which is the reason why the United States has nothing to fear." During this period, one of Saddam's biggest mistakes was that he still kept outdated pictures of conquering Berlin and the Iran-Iraq war in his mind, and failed to estimate the development of science and technology, especially precision guidance. He didn't expect that the conference building in Iraq was bombed, but the Rashid Hotel, 200 meters away, was intact. Muthanna Air Force Base was razed to the ground, but the railway station across the street did not move.

Military-science and technology "* * * homology" (STM)

In-depth, due to the influence of many factors, such as "military is a big system" and "science and technology is a double-edged sword", it is not easy to interpret the interactive relationship between military and science and technology, but we should learn from the growing reputation of "great wisdom"-"Sociology of Science and Technology" (STS), that is, the principle of "interactive mechanism and harmonious development of science and technology and society". Its focus has the following properties:

Integrity. Due to the rapid development of science and technology, the relationship between science and technology and military affairs is becoming more and more inseparable. You have me and I have you. Therefore, it is time to discuss their relationship as a whole and macroscopically. This can't help but remind people of the words of American President Kennedy: "I have 1000 experts who can build pyramids, but no one can say whether it is worth building them."

Intrinsic It is often said that the application of high technology in the military has produced a large number of high-tech weapons, thus changing the face of war. But it inevitably contains the flavor that the military just "brought" technology from the outside and "used" it for us. Now it's different: science and technology have exerted a pervasive influence on strategy, campaign and tactics, and have been "integrated" within the military as an "internal discipline".

Crossroads. The integration of military and technology is also the intersection of military and technology. It is particularly important to note that the intersection of modern disciplines can no longer be described by a simple hierarchical structure. Multiple intersections will form a very complex and open "cluster" structure, that is to say, they are intertwined and inseparable, which is equivalent to "inserting" new disciplines between disciplines. This process will make the discipline more refined and make our understanding more in line with the original appearance of the objective world.

Innovation. Military innovation, scientific and technological innovation. But the more isolated the two are, the more difficult it is to innovate, and the close combination of military and science and technology is the shortcut to innovation and development. This is exactly what Weiner, the founder of cybernetics, said: "The field that can benefit most from scientific development is the neglected' no man's land' among established departments."

Significantly, as a contemporary "great wisdom", Merton, the acknowledged founder of the Sociology of Science and Technology (STS) in the United States, hung a portrait of Marx in his office and frankly admitted: "I think there is almost no doubt that Marx was the first person to pay attention to the relationship between science and technology and society."