When writing a paper, it is always necessary to modify the paper to make it more substantial and informative. Here is how to modify the paper I shared with you. Please pay attention to (www.oh 100.com/bylw) for more details.

There are two kinds of understanding of paper revision: broad sense and narrow sense. A broad understanding includes the revision of every link in the writing process; In a narrow sense, it refers to the processing and modification after the draft is completed. Whether in a narrow sense or a broad sense, the content and scope of the revision of the paper generally include: revision of ideas and viewpoints including themes, revision of materials, revision of structure, revision of language, etc. The scope and requirements of each edition will be discussed below.

First, the revision of ideological views.

The main purpose of writing an article is to express one's thoughts and publicize one's views. If a person's understanding is not profound, or even wrong, it is impossible for others to learn from it and even bring bad influence to people. The argument of the article is the commander in chief of the article. If you have a superficial understanding and a low level of knowledge, it is difficult to sort out the materials and structure of the article. Therefore, to modify the paper, we must first consider whether the theme and viewpoint of the paper are correct, whether the understanding is profound and whether the article is innovative.

First, we should look at the overall situation, based on the whole article, and examine whether the central argument of the article is correct, centralized, distinctive, profound, innovative, consistent with the topic, consistent with some subordinate arguments and central arguments, and whether some formulations are comprehensive and accurate. If we fail to accurately grasp the central argument, reveal the most typical and essential thoughts and laws, or make some mistakes and deviations, we must move? Major surgery? , big rewrite or even rewrite; If the arguments in the article lag behind the development of the situation and lack new ideas, it is necessary to re-conceive and summarize them, or further explore and improve them from another argument angle.

Second, for the subjective, one-sided, vague places in the paper, we should strengthen and supplement the rewriting work, so as to generalize by one side, by one side, by one side, by one side, by one side, by one side, by one side, by one side, by one side.

Third, modify the title of the paper. The topic of the paper is the topic of the paper? Eyes? If the topic is short and vivid, it will be vivid and interesting. Therefore, it is very important to consider, scrutinize and modify the title of the first draft. In thesis writing, text and theme interact and influence each other. Articles should be relevant, and topics should be accompanied by articles. If the article is irrelevant, the topic is too long or too general, it must be revised so that the topic can generally express the central point and discussion scope of the paper. Make the finishing point? The role of.

Second, modify the materials.

Mainly refers to the addition, deletion or adjustment of the cited materials in the paper; Is the material from the article? Flesh and blood? It is the argument to prove the point of view and the basis of the argument. Therefore, the basic requirements for selecting materials are: first, choose materials that illustrate opinions; The second is authenticity, that is, the materials used must be true, accurate and reliable; The third is appropriateness, that is, the material citation should be appropriate, no more or less, just right. Revising the paper depends on whether the cited materials are conclusive and powerful; Whether there is a source; Whether they can cooperate with each other to explain the argument; Whether the power of argument has been exerted; Whether it is logical; Whether it is convincing. To make up for the shortage of materials, it is necessary to replace vague, old and plain materials; We must resolutely delete false materials and materials irrelevant to the theme.

Material modification is usually carried out in two steps:

The first step is to check and correct, that is, regardless of opinions, structure and language, only to check whether the materials themselves are true, credible and accurate, including checking the laws, judgments, data, typical materials and quotations in the first draft. If you find any doubts and inconsistencies, you must make them clear and understand them. If you quote classic writers, you'd better check the original text if possible and give all the wrong, inaccurate and inconsistent materials.

The second step is to add, delete and adjust the materials according to the requirements of the central argument and sub-arguments. For those with insufficient or thin materials, new representative and typical materials should be added to enrich the argument and make it more powerful. If the material is disorderly and repetitive, or the material is inconsistent with the viewpoint, it should be deleted and the viewpoint should be highlighted. Don't win with too much material, be moderate. For outdated and generalized materials, they should be exchanged and replaced with more suitable materials.

Third, modify the structure.

Structure is an important factor in the form of paper expression and the arrangement of paper content. The quality of the structure is directly related to the expression effect of the content of the paper. The adjustment and revision of the structure is related to the layout and arrangement of the full text. To adjust the structure, we need to straighten out our thinking, check whether the center of the paper is prominent, whether the level is clear, whether the paragraph division is appropriate, how to take care of the beginning, end and transition, and whether the full text constitutes a complete and tight whole. The principles and requirements of adjustment are to help highlight the central argument and serve the performance of the central argument.

To modify the structure, we should mainly focus on the following three aspects:

First, whether the level is clear and the thinking is smooth. Generally, we can first look at the thinking and level of the article from the relationship between the headline and the subtitle. If the paper has no subtitle, it must be judged from the content. For example, does the article conform to the content? Ask questions, analyze problems and solve problems? Logical connection; Whether the layout, levels and paragraphs of the full text are organized; Whether the context of the hierarchy is clear and smooth; Whether the arguments in each paragraph are clear and coordinated; The explanation of chaos should be smooth and smooth; Delete the repetition and contradiction, fill in the missing parts, and achieve coherence and fluency in the full text.

Second, whether the structure is complete. The paper should have a complete structure. A paper should have three parts: introduction, theory and conclusion, which are in harmony, that is, a fascinating beginning, materials and analysis, and a clear and powerful ending. At the same time, we should also examine whether the key points and details of each part are appropriate.

Third, whether the structure is tight. A paper must be an argument and an argument, and there is strict logic between big arguments and small arguments. If the structure of the paper is loose, it is necessary to tighten it, delete those redundant materials, and delete redundant paragraphs that are too far from the subject and irrelevant. In order to make the structure rigorous and harmonious, we should also seriously consider and modify the transition and quotation of all parts of the full text, the cohesion of the structure and the coherence of the tone.

Fourth, modify the language and punctuation.

Language is a tool for expressing ideas. In order to make the paper accurate, concise and vivid, we must scrutinize and revise the language repeatedly. The language modification of the paper is mainly carried out in three aspects: first, the expression is clear and concise, and as many problems as possible are explained with the least words, which is an indispensable condition for a high-quality paper. In order to make the article concise, we must change the tedious and repetitive places into concise and clear words; The second is the accuracy of text expression. For the accuracy of language, we should turn specious words into accurate words; Third, the readability of the language. For the readability of language, we should turn plain into bright, clumsy into smooth, dull into vivid, obscure into bright, vague and general into clear and concrete.

How to strengthen the scrutiny and tempering of language?

In order to make the language accurate, concise and vivid, we should temper the words, but we should have the correct guiding ideology. The purpose of tempering language is to express meaning better, so tempering cannot be divorced from the needs of content, carving words in isolation and pursuing magnificence. This must be clear in guiding ideology. In addition, the following three aspects should be paid attention to in the revision:

First, use accurate, vivid and concise language as much as possible, and resolutely get rid of improper words, such as coinage, misuse of part of speech, confusion of meaning, etc., and resolutely put an end to typos and irregular simplified words and self-made words. Lu Xun said that he wrote articles? Don't make adjectives that no one knows except yourself? ,? Words you only know or don't even know are useless? . Such a serious and meticulous spirit is worth studying seriously.

Second, we should pay attention to correcting ungrammatical sentences such as incomplete structure, chaotic structure and improper collocation, so as to make them conform to language norms. Du Fu said:? For the sake of humanity, you can't stop talking. . Pi Rixiu, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, said: A hundred words make a thousand sentences? . If you write well, you must temper and revise it repeatedly.

Third, we should pay attention to the logical connection between sentences, and strive to be coherent from top to bottom, with the same tone and fluency.

Fourth, check punctuation and standardize writing. Punctuation is one of the elements of an article and an organic part of it. If used properly, they can accurately express the content. On the contrary, it will affect the expression of the content and even produce ambiguity. Check punctuation, mainly to see whether the usage of punctuation is correct, and adjust the punctuation in the wrong position. When revising, it should be written in strict accordance with the established usage and the prescribed format. In addition, we must correct scribbled words and irregular words when revising, and write neatly and clearly when copying. Also, in the revision, we should check whether the charts, symbols and formulas in the paper conform to the specifications, and seriously correct those that are more complicated and prone to mistakes.

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