First, from the perspective of "independence", if it is an objective narrative of the third person, it is necessary to put an end to subjective statements such as "the author thinks" and "this paper thinks";
Secondly, from the perspective of "self-consistency", the abstract is a condensed expression of wonderful arguments, and mechanical sentence patterns such as "through the study of …" and "draw a conclusion of …" should be avoided.
On the "high-end standard", the abstract must be written as a self-sufficient essay that can be read independently. Abstracts of academic papers in liberal arts have rules to follow in "law" and diverse styles in "writing", which can be described as "correct writing" that we must strive to practice.
An academic paper is a scientific record of new scientific research achievements or innovative ideas and knowledge of an academic topic in an experimental, theoretical or predictive way, or a scientific summary of new progress by applying known principles, so as to provide a written document for reading, communicating, discussing or publishing in academic journals or for other purposes.
Standard paper format:
1, title of paper format: (signature attached below) Requirements are accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.
2. The table of contents in the paper format is a brief table of the main paragraphs in the paper. (Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents)
3. Summary of the paper format: It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, requiring short, accurate and complete. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 words.
4. The key words or subject words in the paper format are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, and are words with substantial meaning to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval. Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract". Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, we should analyze the theme of the paper and convert it into standard words in the thesaurus according to the rules of indexing and collocation. (See Chinese Thesaurus and World Chinese Thesaurus).
5. Text format of the paper:
(1) Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction should generally write the author's intention, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, and point out the scope of the paper writing. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme.
< 2 > Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions.
The main part includes the following contents: a. Asking questions-arguments; B. analyzing the problem-arguments and arguments; C. solving problems-demonstrating methods and steps; D. conclusion.
6. The reference of the paper format is the main document that can be referenced or quoted in research and writing, and it is listed at the end of the paper. References should be marked on a new page according to GB77 14-87 "Description Rules of References at the End of Documents".
English: Title-Author-Publication Information (Edition, Publisher, Publication Date)
English: The author-title-requirements of the references listed in the publication information are:
The references listed in (1) should be official publications for readers' textual research.
(2) The listed references shall be marked with serial numbers, titles of works or articles, authors and publication information.
Writing according to the above paper format can make your paper easier for readers to understand.