The reasons for China's rich folk music are as follows: First, it has a long and profound historical tradition; Second, the complex and diverse natural environment; Third, broad cultural background; Fourth, there are many nationalities and a large population.
Including folk songs and dances, national instrumental music, Quyi music and traditional Chinese opera music.
First, the nation and song and dance
Folk songs and songs and dances are linked together, so this book is also introduced together in the first chapter. Folk songs and songs and dances come from people's life and labor, which is one of their major characteristics. The genre of folk songs can be divided into three categories: semicolon, folk song and minor. Chants directly serve labor and are created and sung in people's physical labor. Its music is solid and powerful, rough and heroic, which is closely related to labor and closely combined with the rhythm of music. Folk songs are produced in Shan Ye's labor, with loud and clear tone, free rhythm and straightforward and free expression of feelings. Minor is a folk song produced in people's daily life, such as rest, entertainment and celebration. China's song and dance music is also very rich, and his musical characteristics are close to minor, just because he often uses more interlining, interlining and repetition to match the dance movements. Song and dance music can be roughly divided into yangko, flower drum, lantern and folk dance. In addition, there are song and dance forms and their music, such as dry boat, lotus, car, pulling flowers and spring cattle.
Second, the classification of national instrumental music includes plucking, plucking, plucking and percussion, and the music structure is mainly Qupai, which is very paragraph.
Third, Quyi music.
Quyi is not only a performing art, but also a comprehensive art. It takes rap literature as a script, arranges the layout, unfolds the plot, and draws lessons from various artistic expression means. Quyi is narrative music and "acting a story", which is deeply loved by the people. For thousands of years, literature, music and performance have been intertwined and organically combined in the complex of Quyi, reaching the rich and mature situation of Quyi today. There are more than 200 kinds of China Quyi, and the classification is very complicated. Generally, according to the characteristics of music, it can be divided into eight categories: drum lyrics, tanci, Daoqing, Paizi songs, walking songs, piano books, miscellaneous songs and bugle singing; Quyi aria can be divided into Qupai style, main style and compound style. Quyi is divided into north and south, each with its own merits. We are familiar with it, such as the Jingyun Drum in the north and the Pingtan in the south.
Fourth, opera music.
Traditional Chinese opera is a kind of traditional drama art in China, which has many means of expression, such as poetry, music and dance. Music is an important part of China traditional opera art, including aria and instrumental music. There are about 360 kinds of traditional operas in China, with rich musical heritage and complicated forms. The artistic features of China traditional operas are comprehensive, dramatic, folk and professional. The characteristics of traditional Chinese opera singing are lyrical, narrative and dramatic. The instrumental features of China traditional operas are mostly in the secondary position of accompaniment and foil. There are two kinds of dramas in China: Kunqu Opera and Peking Opera. I like Beijing Opera very much, and I know its contents like the back of my hand. Peking Opera is one of the national weightlifting dramas with Pi Huangqiang as the main body. It has a history of about 200 years and is named after its formation with Beijing. Due to the large number of famous Peking Opera teachers, from the second half of the19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, new people such as Tan Xinpei appeared. Tan Xinpei is an outstanding representative at this stage. He learned from others, inherited from Zhang and Cheng, and made some innovations to become a master of old Peking Opera. At this time, Peking Opera was not only welcomed by the masses, but also appreciated by the rulers of the Qing Dynasty, gradually replacing the status of Kunqu Opera and affecting the whole country. Since then, before and after the founding of New China, old classmates have talked about Ju Ming, Tan, Ma, Zhou, Li and Yang. , Mei Lanfang, Cheng, Xun Huisheng, Shang Xiaoyun, etc. Vu Thang has, Li, etc. Jiang Miaoxiang, Ye Shenglan and so on. There are, Qiu, etc. There are gong,, and so on. Clowns include Xiao Changhua and Liu Binkun; Guqin players include Sun Zuochen, Sun Zuochen, Sun Zuochen, Sun Zuochen and Sun Zuochen. . . . . . They have made great achievements in various fields, innovated in singing, performance and singing, and formed their own school, pushing the art of Peking Opera to the peak. There are about 1000 traditional operas in Beijing Opera. Most of the stories are based on Romance of Other Countries, Romance of the Western Han Dynasty, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, The Journey to the West, Yang Jiajiang, The Water Margin and Yue Biography. Some of them are transplanted from local operas such as Kunqu Opera and folk songs and dances, and the scope is very wide. Pi Huangqiang is the main aria of Beijing Opera. Second, Huang Qiang is desolate and deep, and he is good at expressing grief and indignation, which can be divided into positive and negative aspects; Xipi cavity is vigorous and lively, and is good at expressing flexible, high-spirited and cheerful feelings. Besides Pi Huangqiang, Beijing Opera also includes Nanbangzi, Siping Tune, Gaopai, Chuiqiang, Kunqiang and many folk tunes. Beijing opera is also very particular about singing, paying attention to the lines word by word, demanding clear pronunciation and mellow voice, full of sound and emotion. The instrumental venues of Beijing Opera are mainly Jinghu, supplemented by Yueqin, Beijing Erhu and Xiaosanxian, and sometimes there are flutes, sheng, suona and sea flutes. There are drums, gongs, small gongs and cymbals in the martial arts field, and sometimes drums, water cymbals, bells and big Rao are used. The famous traditional operas of Beijing Opera include The Second Palace, The Third Trial of Yutangchun, Farewell My Concubine, Mourning for Wolong and so on. Other operas, such as Northern Shaanxi Opera, Shanxi Opera, Hebei Bangzi Opera, Henan Opera, Pingju Opera, Bowl and Bowl Opera, Gannan Opera, Sichuan Opera, xiang opera Opera, Huangmei Opera, Yue Opera, Hunan Opera and Tin Opera. Different singing skills have their own strengths.
After learning about Appreciation of Chinese Folk Music, I felt a lot. We used to think that European music was the best, but our folk music was not enough to enter the elegant hall. Now we know that folk music is vast as the sea, not much worse than excellent European music. We also need to study hard and carry forward. We should make more contributions to the world of our national music.