Thesis on Software Radio Technology —— A Preliminary Study on Software Radio Technology
Software radio technology uses modern software to manipulate and control traditional? Pure hardware circuit? Wireless communication has broken the long-standing mode that the realization of device communication function only depends on hardware development. This paper discusses the advantages of software radio and the application of software radio technology in military communication and mobile communication.
Software radio; Military communications; mobile communication
Nowadays, the communication system is changing from analog system to digital system, which creates favorable conditions for the development of wireless communication. However, the traditional method of completing the new technical reform of wireless communication by upgrading hardware equipment has brought many problems and limited the further development of wireless technology. In order to solve this dilemma, software radio came into being, which has incomparable advantages over traditional hardware radio communication equipment.
First, the advantages of software radio
1. can reduce the development cost and cycle.
Traditional wireless communication systems only aim at a single standard when developing technologies and products. It takes more than a year from relatively stable standards to the design and development of special chips and then to the design and implementation of products. At the same time, this situation also leads to the unreasonable application of many new technologies in the process of standard formulation, which limits the development and application of new technologies and makes the commercial products very different from the technical level at that time. The application of software radio can provide a brand-new concept and general wireless communication platform for the research and development of technology and products, shorten the development cycle and reduce the development cost to a great extent, and make the products develop synchronously with the technical level.
2. Excellent scalability.
Software radio technology has good scalability, mainly because it can easily complete the expansion and upgrade of system functions. However, because network radio technology is based on modular, universal and standardized hardware support platform, there is little room for expansion in hardware, and its excellent expansibility is mainly concentrated in software.
In addition, the software radio technology also provides convenience for the upgrade and expansion of the system, which only needs to upgrade or expand the corresponding software, and compared with improving and optimizing the hardware, upgrading and expanding the software is much simpler; Most importantly, with the help of software tools, various communication services can be expanded according to actual needs.
3. Very flexible.
Software radio technology is reconfigurable, which greatly enhances its flexibility. At present, baseband signal to RF signal has been completely digitized, which makes software radio technology adapt to various working frequency bands and modes by replacing software modules.
At the same time, the good multi-band antenna and controllable multi-band and multi-power radio frequency conversion ability make the software radio have good adaptability to complex environment requirements, and the radio frequency band and bandwidth, transmission rate, channel access mode, service type, encryption mode and interface type can be changed through software programming.
Second, the application of software radio technology in military communication
The reason why wireless communication occupies an important position in modern communication is inseparable from its simple equipment, portability and convenient operation. It is these unique advantages that make it widely used in various fields represented by the military field. It is an indispensable and important means of communication for all services and units.
The term software radio was first put forward by the US military. It was the Gulf War. When multinational forces and services carry out joint operations, they encounter the operational problems of interconnection. Not only the communication interoperability is poor, the response speed is slow, but also the broadband is too narrow and the speed is too low, which seriously affects the key technologies of joint operations. Therefore, the U.S. military began to make specific plans to study the general software radio-Easy Talk, which is based on digital signal processor, with programmable software, modularization, multi-mode and waveform reconstruction capability. This radio station has almost all the functions of all the radio stations used by the US military, including voice communication station and data communication station, and has realized the communication between different types of radio stations.
Since its birth, software radio has become a new technology, which enables different services in different countries or the same country to communicate with each other without obstacles. Since 1970s, programmable software radio has been formally included in the research project, and has made a breakthrough. Many digital software programmable radio stations have been put into use and achieved good results.
In addition, the traditional digital radio is mainly hardware, and the software radio has improved it in many key technologies, such as: improving the analog-to-digital converter, greatly improving its conversion rate and dynamic working range; Improve the embedded processor to improve its processing speed and ability, so that the digital signal processor can complete the function of modem; Technology aiming at programming technology has been developed, which makes the function of software independent of basic hardware. In a word, with the rapid development and progress of science and technology, radio will hopefully give a new definition to military radio.
Thirdly, the application of software radio technology in mobile communication.
Since the concept of software radio was put forward, it has expanded from the initial military field to the civil field, but there are many problems in civil communication, such as: the coexistence of old and new communication systems increases the complexity and difficulty of interconnection between different systems; The emergence of a large number of communication equipment makes the radio spectrum congestion more and more serious; The traditional hardware-based wireless communication system has been difficult to meet the needs of the development of the new era. Only by adopting software radio technology can these problems be effectively solved. This paper introduces the application of software radio technology in mobile communication from three aspects.
1. Used in cellular mobile communication system.
In cellular mobile communication system, the transmission of software radio is different from other systems.
Before transmitting, it should divide the available transmission channels, detect the propagation path, modulate the appropriate channels, point the transmitting beam in the right direction under electronic control, and select the appropriate power before transmitting. As for reception, the same is true. It can divide the energy distribution of the current channel and adjacent channels, identify the mode of the input transmission signal, estimate the dynamic characteristics of the multipath of the required signal through adaptive interference elimination, coherently combine and adaptively equalize the multipath of the required signal, perform trellis decoding on the channel modulation, and then correct the remaining errors through FEC decoding to minimize the bit error rate.
2. Used to design multi-frequency and multi-mode mobile terminals.
Different software is needed to adapt to different standards, and the channel access mode or modulation mode needs to be changed through the adjustment of software settings.
Software radio technology can design flexible communication terminals, so that different mobile networks can use the same terminal, which not only provides great convenience for users, but also reduces the cost of operators to some extent and promotes the sustainable development of mobile communication technology.
3. Used in the third generation mobile communication system
The application of software radio technology in the third generation mobile communication system mainly includes three aspects:
(1) provides an open and modular system structure for the third generation mobile communication handsets and base stations;
(2) Various signal processing softwares are produced, including various wireless signaling rules and processing softwares, channel error correction coding softwares, signal stream conversion softwares, source coding softwares, modulation and demodulation algorithm softwares, etc.
(3) The smart antenna structure is realized, including the acquisition of spatial feature vectors including DOA, the calculation of the weights of each RF channel and antenna beamforming.
Four. conclusion
In a word, software radio technology has incomparable advantages over traditional digital radio, and will be more and more widely used in the future development and application, especially on the road of popularization and promotion of the fourth generation mobile communication, software radio technology will certainly contribute more and more power.
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