20 1 1 July 10 sunny
After consideration, I chose this place as my internship place, Huachen Construction Co., Ltd., located in Zhangzhuang Village, Beichen District, Tianjin. A few days ago, I dreamed about my study, work and life at the construction site in the next few days. Sitting in a taxi and looking around, I slowly left school. I mused: Today, I finally embarked on a journey with big bags and small bags. It can be said that this is the first time to work and the first step into society. This is the starting point of another journey in my life, so I will take this internship seriously, study hard and work hard. The driver in the taxi (he said that he used to work on the construction site) told us (Ran and I are vigorous) that you may meet all kinds of people and encounter some setbacks on the construction site, so be patient in everything. Young people must not do stupid things on impulse, but must persist. Finally arrived at the construction site. To my surprise, this technician used to be my classmate. After graduating from junior high school, he worked on the construction site for six years and became a technician. I'm thinking: college students who have no higher education and work here can be independent here if they have the ability and experience. As there is no red helmet, we must wear yellow hats. In the afternoon, we visited the construction site and carefully watched some things, such as foundation pits, piles, open channel drainage, tower cranes, scaffolding, templates, etc ... It is clear that we will be in 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13,13.
20 1 1 July 1 1 It rained in the morning and afternoon.
Today is my second day at work. Today is the first day of my official work, and today's main content is giving. The beginning of every construction project is the positioning and setting out of the construction, which is related to the success or failure of the whole project and is a crucial link to ensure the quality of the project. Pay-off is to put the shapes on the drawing on the ground according to the ratio of 1: 1. Pay-off personnel should not only master the operation of various instruments, but also read drawings, remember values quickly, and require accurate operation. Learn the operation of theodolite first, and then learn to look at drawings. It is best to draw pictures, and then be familiar with drawings. Start with the magnifying line, determine the axis position, and finally put the local axis and pop up the wall. The main pay-off tools are tape measure, long steel rule, Mo Dou, paint and small brush.
20 1 1 July 12 sunny
Today is where I work for three days. Today's work still pays off. I went back to the living area with a migrant worker after work at noon today. He is from Anhui, and he didn't know he was 60 until he asked his age. When I went to work in the afternoon, I carefully observed the workers here, including steel workers, carpenters, laborers, welders and so on. Several of them are old, and when they see that they are still sweating for their own lives, they suddenly feel sad silently. At eight o'clock this evening, the project manager suddenly had a meeting. At the meeting, the manager said a lot, but the project manager is from Jiangsu and doesn't know much about it, but he mainly emphasizes reducing errors when working. But because I was in a hurry when I went out for a meeting just now, I left my mobile phone in the dormitory, but when I came back, I found it missing. Haven't found it for a long time. Maybe someone else stole it! Suddenly I was angry with the people here.
20 1 1 July 13 sunny
Today is where I work for four days. Today, I learned about supervision besides going offline. Generally, the development company is Party A, the construction unit is Party B, and the supervision company is responsible for supervision on behalf of Party A. In the supervision contract, the development company is Party A and the supervision company is Party B. Supervise and inspect the working procedures, quality control, supervision station and independent sampling inspection of the construction site supervision. After nine o'clock, I was still very excited to hear that the supervisor was coming to make a spot check, because it was the first time to face the supervisor and it was a test of whether our work was qualified or not. Six supervisors came this time, but to my surprise, one of them was an old man, and the others all looked like interns. This spot check is the total length of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis. In the spot check, I fixed the zero end of the long ruler on the side shaft. Then the supervisor will look at the scale of the other long ruler corresponding to the side axis, and then look at the size of the error and correct it in time. Therefore, we have almost no mistakes. In fact, the technicians have done something. In order to make the final measurement length the same as the actual one, the zero end is no longer on the side axis, and the actual error is 1cm. Finally, I feel that the supervisor here also has the feeling of coping with things, and neither the technicians nor the supervisor takes the work seriously.
20 1 1 July 14 sunny morning, rainy afternoon.
Today is my fifth day at work. This morning, the relevant personnel of the Bureau of Surveying and Mapping came to our site for inspection. They mainly check the whole building to see the overall deviation of the whole building. As a result, the whole building shifted to the south by 2cm, which needs to be corrected in the process of setting out in the future, but I think these piles are all shifted by 2cm. I'm surprised at such a big error. In the afternoon, we asked the elevation of the pile top of a building to be 5cm higher than that of the cushion in the trough, and then cut the pile. Pile cutting: generally, the design pile length refers to the length from the bottom of the foundation to the pile. In actual construction, piles are usually constructed during foundation excavation. For the convenience of construction, the manufactured pile will definitely be longer than the actual pile. However, after driving (or other processes) to the design depth, the excess part above the bottom of the foundation must be removed, which is called pile cutting. When the pile cutting method is adopted, the elevation of the pile top shall be marked with a level first, and then the periphery of the pile shall be cut off along the design elevation of the pile top with an air compressor pick 100mm, and the steel bar in the cast-in-place pile shall be stripped, leaving enough length of steel bar anchored in the bottom plate, and the rest shall be removed by delayed acetylene high-temperature melting method (or portable cutting machine).
2011July 15 rainy in the morning and sunny in the afternoon.
Today is my sixth day at work. It has been raining lightly this morning, so I can't get off the construction site, so I study the drawings. These drawings can generally be divided into five parts: architecture, structure, electricity, heating and water. Each drawing consists of catalogue, design description, various drawings and modification notice. Design overview is a necessary description of drawing design. For example, the general description of architectural design includes: design basis, general situation of the project, and the practices of various sub-projects (wall, floor, ceiling, roof, outdoor engineering, doors and windows, painting, etc. ). Architectural drawings are mainly composed of plan, elevation, section and elevation. The structure diagram mainly includes details such as foundation, column network, structure of each floor, roof plan, beam and slab reinforcement diagram, roof reinforcement diagram and stairs. The drainage system diagram generally finds out the corresponding system in the bottom water supply and drainage plan, and then finds out the position of the riser connected to the system according to each system. Then find out the position of the riser in the water supply and drainage plan of each floor, and read it out in the order of pool, floor drain, sanitary ware, connecting pipe, horizontal branch pipe and riser at a time.
20 1 1 July 16 sunny
Today is the seventh day of my work. Today's work still pays off. So I know the structure of our building. Our building is a frame shear wall structure, and the external wall is a thermal insulation wall. Frame-shear wall structure is also called frame-shear wall structure. In high-rise buildings, the reinforced concrete walls set up to improve the lateral stiffness of building structures are called "shear walls". The main function of shear wall is to improve the shear strength and stiffness of the whole building, and the wall is also used as a component for maintenance and room partition. In shear wall structure, reinforced concrete walls bear all horizontal and vertical loads, and shear walls are arranged orthogonally along the horizontal and vertical directions. High rigidity, good spatial integrity, good earthquake resistance, can make the room clean and beautiful, without exposing beams and columns. Thermal insulation wall refers to an engineering practice that adopts certain fixing methods (bonding, mechanical anchoring, pasting+mechanical anchoring, spraying, pouring, etc.). ) Fix the thermal insulation material with low thermal conductivity (i.e. good thermal insulation effect) with the building wall to increase the average thermal resistance of the wall, so as to achieve the effect of thermal insulation or heat insulation. One of its disadvantages is that it is easy to produce cracks.
20 1 1 July 17 sunny
Today is the eighth day of my work. Today, we made a pile guide. I learned and mastered the method and function of piling, that is, the method of restoring the axis position. Because corner piles and middle piles will be dug out when the foundation trench is excavated, in order to facilitate the recovery of axis position during construction, each axis should be extended to a safe place outside the foundation trench and marked. The method includes setting axis control piles, which are arranged outside the foundation trench and on the extension line of the foundation axis as the basis for restoring the axis in each construction stage after slotting. Axis control piles are generally set at 2 ~ 4m outside the foundation trench, and marked with wooden stakes. Small nails are nailed on the top of the piles to accurately mark the axis position, and the wooden stakes are wrapped with concrete. If there is a building nearby, you can also measure the axis on the building and mark it with red paint instead of axis control piles.
20 1 1 July 18 sunny morning, rainy afternoon.
Today is the ninth day of my work. Today, our job is mainly to pay off the line. At present, we are paying off in Building 1, Building 2, Building 5 and Building 6, which makes us ache all over. At 9 o'clock in the morning, just after finishing the line, you can find a cool place to have a rest. The staff of the project department actually let us pop up the parking line in the project department (this is not work), and I am very reluctant. When I went there, I found that they already had Mo Dou, so I could pop it up myself. Under their instructions, we both popped out of the parking line. I remembered the driver's words and must bear it. In the afternoon, when reading papers, it suddenly rained heavily. As we were not sure whether there was liquid level in the other tank, our technicians said to have a look. I said it politely. I'll go. Alas! Without hesitation, he said, well, then you go. I have no choice but to look at the instrument in the heavy rain. At this time, I thought of my parents, classmates and friends ... Maybe I will encounter greater setbacks after taking part in the work, but I think I must stick to it.
20 1 1 July 19 sunny
Today is the tenth day of my work. Today, in my spare time, I watched the steel bar binding by a steel bar worker. I learned that the process of steel bar binding is generally to fix one side of the horizontal steel bar first, control the position and verticality of the columns at both ends, then place the vertical steel bar one by one according to the drawn spacing, and then place the horizontal steel bar on the other side, tie the intersection point, and hang the hook and protective layer. Matters needing attention are: 1. Whether the construction is carried out according to the drawings, and whether the diameter, variety, quantity, spacing and shape of the steel skeleton are correct. 2. Whether the overall dimensions of the bound skeleton meet the design requirements, whether the deviation exceeds the regulations, whether the thickness of the protective layer meets the requirements, and whether the structural reinforcement meets the structural requirements. 3. Whether the anchorage length, encryption area and encryption spacing of stirrups meet the requirements. 4. Reinforced joints: whether the binding lap, lap length and joint position number meet the requirements; Welded joints and mechanical connections, appearance quality, whether the mechanical performance test of sampling meets the requirements and whether the number of joint positions meets the requirements. In order to be familiar with the steel bar plan and know more about the steel bar, I took the drawings of the steel bar plan and checked them with the steel bars tied by the steel bar workers, and found many mistakes, some of which were the wrong type of steel bars and some of which were the shapes of shear wall columns. When I told the person in charge of the mistake, I found that he and the steel worker looked at me in the wrong way, because they were going to tear it down and tie it up again ... Have so many mistakes and such big errors been brought into the whole building in the future?
20 1 1 sunny July 20th
Today is the eleventh day of my work. Today, I finished the axis measurement with the technicians. First aim the level at one of the control points of piling, and then another person will point the pen tip of red and blue pencils on the nail at another control point of piling. The technician finds the pen tip by adjusting the level and fixes the lens. Then go to the water tank. First, roughly fix one of the wooden stakes by adjusting the lens of the level up and down, then nail the wooden stakes accurately (be careful not to nail the nails to the end), so that several points can be found on the outermost shaft, and finally tie a white line to the nail of each wooden stick, so as to determine one of the shafts, and then determine the other shafts by arranging the ruler. There is nothing difficult to understand in theory, but many difficulties are often encountered in actual operation, such as the bad environment of the control point at that time, the aging instrument is not easy to use, and the weather is very hot. All these need us to overcome.
20 1 1 July 2 1 Qing
Today is the twelfth day of my work. I just learned today that there is an underground garage in the south of our building, and there will be another underground garage in the future. Today, I found out the four corners of the underground garage with the total station together with the technician and the construction administrator of Huachen Company. At this time, I found that there was a lot of well point precipitation in this clearing, so I recalled the knowledge of light well point precipitation. Light well point is a method to artificially reduce groundwater level. A well pipe with a smaller diameter is sunk into an aquifer deeper than the basement along the periphery or side of the foundation pit, and the upper part of the well pipe is connected with the main pipe. Through the main pipeline, the groundwater is continuously pumped out of the well pipe by pumping equipment, so that the original groundwater level is reduced to below the basement. Well point layout: according to the excavation size, the position of well point suction pipe is arranged at about 1.0m from the edge of foundation pit. Elevation layout: the filter tube of the well point suction pipe must be buried in the permeable layer, and the buried depth can be calculated as follows: h 1 ≥ H2+h1+IL1(m), H2: the distance from the buried surface of the well point pipe to the bottom of the foundation pit h1:the distance from the bottom of the foundation pit to the reduced groundwater level, generally. Circular well point dewatering is generally taken as110 and l 1: the horizontal distance (m) between well point pipe and foundation pit center is calculated according to the above formula, which is generally less than 6m, and the exposed height of well point pipe is less than 0.3m When it is greater than 6m, the top elevation of well point system should be reduced. But I found that the well point drainage here is quite simple, so I only arranged several well points on this garage site, and there was no general manager, that is, I used pumps to drip water one by one. I don't know why.
20 1 1 July 22nd sunny
Today is the thirteenth day of my work. Help others dig drains around the foundation pit today. In the past, the seepage of the foundation pit of the neighbor's house was discharged into a puddle, so because of the heavy rain two days ago, the water in the foundation pit could not be removed in time, resulting in water accumulation in the sump and affecting the construction. The drainage ditch requires a head end of-50 cm (based on +-0.00) and a tail end of-80 cm. On the way, I learned some matters needing attention in open channel drainage construction. Open channel drainage is generally used for foundation pit drainage with good soil quality and low groundwater level. Generally, water is pumped by a water pump into the drainage ditch or pit top collecting well in into the pit to prevent leakage caused by random discharge, ensure smooth water flow on the construction site, prevent water accumulation and prevent backflow around. The electrical part of the water pump must take protective measures to prevent leakage, strictly implement the requirements of grounding zero and using leakage switch, put the rope on the pump ring when pumping and running, and don't let the cable be in your hand. After lowering to the design depth, hang up the pump body, check the operation of the pump at any time, repair the abnormal pump in time, equip with a standby pump, and arrange special personnel to clean up the silt in the drainage ditch in time to ensure the continuity of pumping. Therefore, in order to ensure that the foundation construction is not affected by stagnant water, one person should drain the foundation pit every day. In case of rainstorm, personnel should be increased and treated with drainage pump in time, so that there is no water in the foundation pit after rainstorm and the foundation can be constructed normally in rainy days.
20 1 1 sunny July 23rd
Today is the fourteenth day of my work. Today's work goes on as usual, and the pay-off is super flat. After work, I looked at the formwork support of the pile cap beam. The formwork support plate of foundation pile cap beam adopts composite wood formwork, and through-wall bolts are added according to the section size required by the drawings to control the formwork expansion phenomenon during concrete pouring. The formwork steel pipe fasteners are locked, and the peripheral beam support of the foundation bearing platform beam is supported by retaining piles, because there are double rows of retaining concrete piles around the foundation. When the formwork is dismantled, the supports and connectors shall be dismantled step by step and piece by piece, and the formwork and concrete shall not be damaged during dismantling. Dismantled templates and accessories shall be uniformly classified and neatly stacked.
20 1 1 sunny July 24th
Today is my fifteenth day of work. Today 1, 2, 5, and 6 building cover beams have all been bound, and concrete will be poured in the afternoon. I carefully observed the pouring of concrete and the general requirements for pouring and purchasing; 1. The free inclination angle of concrete falling from the hopper shall not exceed 2m. 2. Because the capping beam is poured in large volume, which requires high integrity, it is poured in layers according to the specific conditions such as structural size, steel bar density and initial setting time of concrete, which is generally 1.25 times the length of vibrator. 3. When using the plug-in vibrator, it should be inserted quickly and pulled slowly, and the insertion points should be arranged evenly, moving point by point, in order, without omission, so as to vibrate evenly. 4. Concrete pouring shall be carried out continuously. If intermittence is necessary, the interval should be shortened as far as possible, and concrete should be poured before the initial setting of the previous layer of concrete. At the same time, the mass concrete structure has large cross section and large hydration, which leads to large temperature difference and easy to cause concrete cracks. Therefore, when pouring mass concrete, appropriate measures must be taken. However, due to some reasons, the mold ran away during pouring. Fortunately, the carpenter took remedial measures in time, which did not cause much impact.
20 1 1 sunny July 25th
Today is my sixteenth day of work. Because of pouring concrete last night, we worked overtime last night and had a half-day rest this morning. Last night, the leader assigned us the task of measuring the slump of each car. Each car needs to be measured three times to record the starting pouring time of each car, so we reviewed the slump experiment again. 1. Wipe and lubricate the mixing plate and slump cone with a damp cloth, add a funnel at the top of the cone and put it on the plate. 2. Put the concrete into the bucket with a shovel and tamp it. When loading the top floor, the mixture should be higher than the top of the bucket. 3. After tamping, unload the funnel, scrape off the excess mixture with a trowel to make it flush with the top surface of the cylinder, and scrape off and remove impurities on the mixing plate around the cylinder. 4. Carefully and smoothly lift the slump cone vertically upward, and it shall not be skewed. The lift-off process will be completed in about 5 ~ 10 seconds. Put the cone next to the mixing sample, and measure the height difference between the highest point of the falling mixing sample and the cone (in mm, the reading is accurate to 5mm), which is the slump of the mixing sample.
It will be fine on July 26th.
Today is the seventeenth day of my work. Today, I finished testing the verticality of tower crane with technicians. The verticality detection of tower crane is the verticality detection of equipment (tower crane) after installation but before use. The verticality of tower crane directly affects the safety and the bearing capacity of equipment (tower crane). First of all, the distance of erecting theodolite should be moderate, not too far and not too close. Look at the tower crane with reticle and vertical wire in the telescope, aim at the sign point at the top of the tower, and turn the vertical micro screw up and down to see if it deviates. If there is, it means that the tower crane has deviated. Every tower crane should measure its east-west, north-south direction to see if it is within the allowable range and adjust it in time. In the future work, the tower crane should also regularly detect the deviation, so as to correct it in time and ensure safe construction. Results The deviation of the tower crane we measured was about 65438±0cm, which was within the allowable range.
20 1 1 sunny July 27th
Today is the eighteenth day of my work. After working in this construction site for so many days, I have become familiar with some other managers, foremen and technicians, and have a clear understanding of their salary distribution. Big package means that labor and all kinds of building materials are purchased by Party B. Big package means that only labor and all kinds of materials are purchased by Party A, and Party B is only responsible for labor. Party A refers to the construction unit or general contractor, and Party B refers to the subcontractor. Among them, Daqingbao subcontracted many small sub-projects, such as carpentry contracting, steel bar contracting, concrete pouring contracting, sewer contracting, welder contracting, steel pipe scaffolding contracting and so on. I think it may be the modern construction management mode, which can really improve efficiency, but at the same time blindly improve efficiency, leading to great errors and mistakes in the project.
2011July 28th, 29th, sunny, rainy in the morning and sunny in the afternoon.
This is the nineteenth and twentieth day of my work. I was supposed to practice here for a month, but the driving school informed me to come back for the exam immediately, so I had to come back early and go home tomorrow (30th). Looking back on so many days of study and work, I have realized several points: 1. Building is really difficult. The working hours every day are 6: 00- 1 1: 00 and 2: 00-7: 00. I've been in this construction site for 20 days, and I'm already very tanned. Construction workers really need a lot of experience. I found that there are almost no college students among the construction workers around me, but they all have decades or even longer working experience. Besides hard work, it is really easier for construction workers to make money. 4. When you work in the future, you must not be lazy, be proactive and get on well with anyone around you. What surprises me most is that there are so many mistakes and mistakes in every building. Exaggerated, these buildings really dare not live by themselves.