For example, "abolishing the system of customers filling out forms at the savings counter" is a very specific topic. If you make a small thesis of 2-3 thousand words, you can clearly explain the purpose and effect of this system reform, but it seems that making a graduation thesis of about 10000 words is a bit of a fuss. This subtle change in specific business behavior is generally of little significance. On the other hand, too big a topic is not conducive to focused discussion. For example, "How do Chinese banks meet the challenges of foreign banks after China's entry into WTO?" This topic can probably be written into a thick monograph. Similar topics, such as "A Preliminary Study on the Development of Insurance Industry in China", "How to Develop Intermediate Business in State-owned Commercial Banks" and "On the Generation and Prevention of Financial Risks", are similar in that various issues can be discussed under the same topic. In this way, when writing a paper, you can't put pen to paper, and often everything involves a little, but nothing is in-depth and incomprehensible. A suitable topic should have a clear focus. There may be different views on a certain aspect of the problem. Some factors make it impossible to draw a conclusion at once, and some analysis is needed to see the results. However, if you stand from different angles, you will come to different conclusions. This kind of problem is very suitable for graduation thesis with more than 65438 words, and it is also a good topic for students to try to analyze and solve problems with their own knowledge. It is best to choose a topic on the basis of the questions you pay more attention to on weekdays. Writing a paper mainly reflects students' thinking about the problem. Therefore, if students have no feelings about the problem, it will be difficult to discuss it, because they don't know what kind of views they should hold. If students have observed and thought about a problem, then the rest is to find and sort out some theoretical and factual data that can support their feelings to support and express their arguments. As the saying goes, "long words, short words". Without any personal feelings, it is difficult to write a paper of more than 6 thousand words, unless you are a tailor, you can piece together other people's articles. There is also a desk method to draw your own opinions, that is, read a lot of academic articles in a certain field first, see what others have in this respect, and write down your feelings while reading. After some reading, you will accumulate quite a lot of knowledge in this field, and your own opinions may gradually form. Sometimes students may have doubts about some viewpoints, so they might as well raise their own doubts and analyze whether it is reasonable with actual facts. By comparing and analyzing the conditions on which different viewpoints are based, we can find some evidences to prove whether their doubts are valid. This is an argumentation process in itself, and writing it may be a good article. The so-called "bold assumption, careful verification" should refer to this. The topic selection should encourage academic innovation and avoid choosing common sense problems that have been completely solved; Topic selection should keep pace with the times and encourage the solution of practical problems. The discipline of economics is often very epochal, and a discipline will change with the change of economic situation. For example, "China stock market calls for open-end funds" was originally a good topic, but it is obviously an outdated topic at present, because the China stock market has launched open-end funds, which has no special significance for the discussion of "whether it is necessary" for the time being. However, if it is replaced by "analysis of the operation effect of open-end funds", it can still be studied. The topic should be related to your major. The topic selection should conform to the professional training objectives and teaching requirements, focus on the content of the professional courses students have studied, and should not be divorced from the professional scope. It should be comprehensive, with a certain depth and breadth. For students majoring in finance, the graduation thesis must choose the direction related to the major and can be a cross topic. And completely irrelevant topics are not up to the requirements, so we must pay attention to avoiding them. The title is the eye of the article. The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects. The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title.
(1) general title
The general title is the embodiment of the overall content of the article. Common writing methods are:
(1) reveals the essence of the theme. This title form, which highly summarizes the content of the full text, is often the central argument of the article. It has a high degree of clarity, which is convenient for readers to grasp the core of the full text. Such titles are many and common. For example, on economic system model, on economic center, and my opinion on the reform of county-level administrative institutions.
2 types of questions. In fact, the author's point of view is very clear, but the meaning is euphemistic and needs readers to think. This form of title is easy to attract readers' attention because of its implied point of view. For example, "Is the family contract system a single job?" Is commodity economy equal to capitalist economy? "and so on.
(2) explain the scope of content. This form of title, from its own point of view, does not see the author's point of view, but only limits the scope of the article. On the one hand, it is difficult to summarize the main points of the article in one sentence; On the other hand, explaining the scope of the article can attract the attention of peers and readers, so as to attract * * *. This form of address is also very common. For example, the two-tier management system in rural areas of China, correctly handling the relationship between the central government and local governments, and the analysis of post-war western trade liberalization, etc.
4. Use judgment sentences. This title form limits the content of the full text and is flexible. The research object of this paper is specific and small, but the extended ideas must be strong and broad. This kind of title focuses on small things and big things, which is conducive to the expansion of scientific thinking and scientific research. For example, we can see the light of hope in rural China from the rise of township enterprises, scientific and technological progress and agricultural economy, and see the essence of beauty from the perspective of creating beauty through labor.
⑤ Use visualized sentences. Such as inspiring management system, dawn in the history of science and technology, and shining theory.
There are many styles of titles, and the author can make bold innovations in practice.
(2) Subtitles and Subtitles
In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title can be supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled. In particular, some argumentative papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding a subtitle such as "discussing with XX" under the general title.
In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added. For example, how to look at the current labor remuneration difference-also talk about the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein-and explore a development strategy to solve the problem of eating.
The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article. Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following. It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it is closely related to the content of the hierarchy and the close relationship between the upper and lower levels.
There are three requirements for the topic: first, it must be clear. It is necessary to reveal the scope or argument of the topic, so that people can know the general outline of the article, the main content of the discussion and the author's writing intention after reading the topic, instead of specious, hiding the head and revealing the tail, and playing hide-and-seek with readers. Second, be concise. The topic of the paper should not be too long. If it is too long, it will make people feel cumbersome and cumbersome, and they will not get a clear impression, thus affecting the overall evaluation of the article. Don't be too abstract and empty, and don't use very useful or invented words in the title, so as not to make readers feel like a sea of smoke when they see the title, and they can only understand it after reading the text completely. Third, it must be novel. The title, like the content and form of the article, should have its own uniqueness. Not unconventional, unconventional, fascinating and pleasing to the eye, thus arousing readers' interest in reading.
Second, the directory
Generally speaking, long graduation thesis has no subtitle. Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system.
The main purpose of establishing a directory is:
1. Let readers have a general understanding of the content and structure of the full text before reading this article, so that readers can decide whether to read it, whether to read it intensively or skim it.
2. It is convenient for readers to choose a sub-argument in the text. A long paper has many sub-arguments besides the central argument. When readers need to know more about a sub-argument, they can rely on the table of contents to save time.
The table of contents is usually placed in front of the text of the paper, so it is the guide map of the paper. In order to make the table of contents really play the role of guide map, we must pay attention to:
1. Exactly. The content must be consistent with the outline of the full text. In other words, the title, subtitle and content of this paper are one-to-one correspondence.
2. Clear and correct. The table of contents should be marked with the page number of the table of contents one by one in the text. Page numbers must be clear and correct.
3. complete. Because the table of contents is the guide map of the paper, it must be complete. In other words, all the contents of the article should be reflected in the catalogue and must not be omitted.
There are two basic types of directories:
1. Text directory.
2. Digital catalogue. This kind of catalogue is rare. However, it is easy for readers to read long speeches, and some of them use this method.
Three. Platform for action
Abstract is the epitome of the full text. Here, the author outlines the overall appearance of the full text with extremely economical pen and ink; Put forward the main arguments, reveal the research results of the paper, and briefly describe the framework of the full text.
Abstract is an accessory part of the text, usually placed at the beginning of the paper.
The purpose of writing the executive summary is to:
1. In order to make the instructor have a general understanding of the main contents of the article before reviewing the full text of the paper, and know the main results and main logical order of the research.
2. In order to make other readers have a general understanding of the problems studied by the author by reading the executive summary, if there is a curse, they should read the full text further. Here, the abstract has become an "advertisement" to recommend papers to many readers.
Therefore, it is necessary to prompt the main points of the paper so that readers can understand the main points of the paper at a glance. The abstract of the paper should be concise and comprehensive, and should not be too verbose to grasp the main points or just a few dry ribs, lacking materials to explain the views.
Executive summary can be divided into reportable summary and indicative summary.
The report summary mainly introduces the main methods and results of the study and the analysis of the results, and gives a comprehensive hint to the content of the article.
Indicative summary only briefly describes the research results (data, opinions, opinions, conclusions, etc.). ), and does not involve research means, methods, processes, etc. Graduation thesis generally adopts indicative abstract. Examples are as follows:
● The government under the condition of market economy should, of course, obey the overall planning and deployment of the higher authorities, but its main energy should be focused on being responsible for the lower authorities, the local economic development and the improvement of the living standards of the local people. This is the premise of developing the overall economy, which naturally conforms to being responsible to the upper level.
● Changing departments to "grasp * * * and manage" enterprises to serve enterprises should be the main focus of departmental work. (Excerpted from Government in Market Economy)
How to locate ")
The writing requirements of English can be summarized as "completeness, accuracy, conciseness, truthfulness and vividness". Specifically:
1. The content summary should be complete. That is, the main contents (or viewpoints) expounded in the paper cannot be omitted. It should be written as a complete paper and can be used independently.
2. Focus should be highlighted. The research results (or central arguments) and the content of conclusive significance of the paper should be highlighted, and other items can be written concisely.
3. Use words concisely. Writing should be carefully worded and expressed in concise and general language, and it is not appropriate to demonstrate every content.
4. The statement should be objective. Generally speaking, it is not appropriate to write only the objective situation of the research, make a subjective evaluation of the work process, methods and research results, and make a comparative explanation with other people's research. The value of a research achievement has its own public opinion, and there is no need to advertise itself. Therefore, seeking truth from facts is also the basic principle of writing abstract.
5. The language should be vivid. Writing should be concise, vivid and fascinating, and literary color should be reflected as much as possible in terms of text polishing, expression and structure, so as to arouse readers' desire to read the text.
Fourth, the text.
The text includes introduction, theory and conclusion. This is the most important part of the graduation thesis, which is discussed in detail in other chapters, so I won't repeat it here.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) reference
References, also called bibliography, refer to the books, newspapers and periodicals consulted by the author in the process of writing his graduation thesis, which should be listed at the end of the graduation thesis. There are three advantages to listing references: first, when the author himself finds that there is an error in the quotation, it is easy to find and correct it. Second, teachers of graduation thesis defense committee can know the breadth of students' reading materials as a reference for graduation thesis review. Third, it is convenient for readers who study similar problems to consult relevant viewpoints and materials.
The title is the eye of the article. The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects. The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title.
(1) general title
The general title is the embodiment of the overall content of the article. Common writing methods are:
(1) reveals the essence of the theme. This title form, which highly summarizes the content of the full text, is often the central argument of the article. It has a high degree of clarity, which is convenient for readers to grasp the core of the full text. Such titles are many and common. For example, on economic system model, on economic center, and my opinion on the reform of county-level administrative institutions.
2 types of questions. In fact, the author's point of view is very clear, but the meaning is euphemistic and needs readers to think. This form of title is easy to attract readers' attention because of its implied point of view. For example, "Is the family contract system a single job?" Is commodity economy equal to capitalist economy? "and so on.
(2) explain the scope of content. This form of title, from its own point of view, does not see the author's point of view, but only limits the scope of the article. On the one hand, it is difficult to summarize the main points of the article in one sentence; On the other hand, explaining the scope of the article can attract the attention of peers and readers, so as to attract * * *. This form of address is also very common. For example, the two-tier management system in rural areas of China, correctly handling the relationship between the central government and local governments, and the analysis of post-war western trade liberalization, etc.
4. Use judgment sentences. This title form limits the content of the full text and is flexible. The research object of this paper is specific and small, but the extended ideas must be strong and broad. This kind of title focuses on small things and big things, which is conducive to the expansion of scientific thinking and scientific research. For example, we can see the light of hope in rural China from the rise of township enterprises, scientific and technological progress and agricultural economy, and see the essence of beauty from the perspective of creating beauty through labor.
⑤ Use visualized sentences. Such as inspiring management system, dawn in the history of science and technology, and shining theory.
There are many styles of titles, and the author can make bold innovations in practice.
(2) Subtitles and Subtitles
In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title can be supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled. In particular, some argumentative papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding a subtitle such as "discussing with XX" under the general title.
In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added. For example, how to look at the current labor remuneration difference-also talk about the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein-and explore a development strategy to solve the problem of eating.
The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article. Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following. It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it is closely related to the content of the hierarchy and the close relationship between the upper and lower levels.
There are three requirements for the topic: first, it must be clear. It is necessary to reveal the scope or argument of the topic, so that people can know the general outline of the article, the main content of the discussion and the author's writing intention after reading the topic, instead of specious, hiding the head and revealing the tail, and playing hide-and-seek with readers. Second, be concise. The topic of the paper should not be too long. If it is too long, it will make people feel cumbersome and cumbersome, and they will not get a clear impression, thus affecting the overall evaluation of the article. Don't be too abstract and empty, and don't use very useful or invented words in the title, so as not to make readers feel like a sea of smoke when they see the title, and they can only understand it after reading the text completely. Third, it must be novel. The title, like the content and form of the article, should have its own uniqueness. Not unconventional, unconventional, fascinating and pleasing to the eye, thus arousing readers' interest in reading.