Two papers about liver transplantation published in American Journal of Transplantation (AJT) around May 2006 were rejected by the journal because the "picture source" of the two articles was questioned. The two articles that were withdrawn were "Rapamycin can alleviate liver transplantation injury in patients with liver cirrhosis-the importance of down-regulating Rho-ROCK-VEGF channel" and "Adiponectin combined with FTY720 can significantly improve the survival rate of small fatty liver".

There is no reasonable explanation for the source of a questioned picture. The two tissue sections before and after liver transplantation are exactly the same, so at least one of them is fake.

These two papers were written by Shangda Fan, a professor at the University of Hong Kong, and his collaborators. The first author of these two papers is Professor Guan Wen of the Department of Surgery of the University of Hong Kong, and the collaborators include many scholars from the University of Hong Kong and Chinese mainland.