First of all, to cultivate students' Chinese literacy, we should optimize the teaching environment.
To achieve the goal of Chinese literacy training, we must attach importance to and strengthen the construction and optimization of Chinese teaching environment, so that students' Chinese literacy can be really improved under the joint action of various environments and forces.
1. Establish the conceptual consciousness of Chinese subject.
Chinese learning cannot be limited to textbooks. The learning materials of Chinese teaching should be extensive, diverse and rich, and the existing textbooks are only a part of these learning materials. Chinese learning cannot be confined to the classroom. Knowledge comes from life, society and nature. If it is limited to classroom study, it is just a frog in the well, with limited knowledge. The study of Chinese teaching is not only the study in class, but also should be combined with the environment of school, society, family and nature. In this way, students are naturally closely linked with family, society and nature in Chinese learning.
2. Construct the hardware conditions for Chinese learning
As far as Chinese teaching is concerned, the basic teaching hardware conditions are standard classrooms, libraries, reading rooms and multimedia classrooms. The construction of these hardware conditions is very necessary.
Second, to cultivate students' Chinese literacy, we should find a breakthrough in classroom teaching.
The main position of Chinese teaching is classroom, and the key to improve students' Chinese literacy is classroom teaching. It is the pursuit of Chinese teachers in primary schools to organize and promote students' independent, cooperative and inquiry learning, arouse students' enthusiasm for learning, stimulate students' emotions, give full play to students' main role, and let students become the protagonists in Chinese classroom, so as to achieve the best results in Chinese teaching. To this end, I pay attention to the following aspects in Chinese classroom teaching:
1. Stimulate students' interest in inquiry by comparing life.
Practice shows that in teaching, I grasp the content conflict in textbooks by studying textbooks, stimulate students' curiosity and make them have a strong thirst for knowledge.
For example, in the lesson "The Day of Winning the Lottery", when I guided the students to grasp the conflict of the plot of the text and suggested that the author's father had won the coveted lottery, why did the whole family concentrate? This problem is in sharp contrast with students' life experience, which makes them curious and drives them to read the text carefully. After thinking and discussion, I realized that it was my father's colleague Cooper who really won the lottery, and the Mercedes-Benz car that won the lottery may also be my father's own, because outsiders think it was my father who won the lottery. The fundamental reason why the whole family haggles over every ounce is to own the car in violation of moral beliefs or to return the car to Cooper in accordance with moral beliefs? The whole class reads, thinks and discusses this problem together. The teacher guides the students to discuss the value of life in a timely manner, so that students can understand that people should have ambition, people are poor in ambition, money is precious and morality is priceless.
Secondly, grasp the contrast in the text. For example, in the lesson "Teacher Okura", when Chun Mei objected to the speech of "I" and obviously showed a tendency to discriminate against his classmates, Teacher Okura casually wrote an extraordinarily big "I" on the blackboard. This move by teacher Okura is in sharp contrast with the teacher's behavior that students usually see. There is a lot of discussion in the classroom. After self-control and mutual discussion and communication, the students realized that teacher Okura's "nothing happened" was actually a silent criticism of Chun Mei's unreasonable words and deeds. The reason why he wrote the word "An" is actually a silent and firm encouragement and support for "I" and an education for other students. Through study, the students learned about Mr. Okura's integrity, fairness and kindness.
2. Cultivate students' emotions through life experience.
Psychological research shows that people's cognitive activities are closely related to their feelings. In teaching, I actively mobilize students' existing life experience, look for experiences similar to those in the text, make students' emotions resonate with the author's emotions, and then better carry out teaching practice activities, which will often have a multiplier effect.
In teaching, mobilizing students' existing life experience for teaching activities not only improves students' reading ability, but also improves students' reading habits and imagination.
3. Cultivate students' sentiment with the radiation of life.
Life is a big classroom, and its educational effect and significance are far greater than our classroom education. In teaching, if we consciously link some life scenes in modern social life with the teaching content (that is, radiate social life into the classroom), then the educational effect is much better than simple preaching.
Thirdly, to cultivate students' Chinese literacy, we should enrich Chinese extracurricular activities.
The new curriculum standard also emphasizes enriching Chinese extracurricular activities many times. Among the elements that constitute Chinese literacy, Chinese ability is the core factor. In the final analysis, a person's language literacy should be reflected by his ability to understand and use the language, and only when he has considerable language ability, can he read and write, and be good at absorbing and expressing can he improve his language literacy in an all-round way. The formation of any ability is inseparable from practice, and so is the formation of Chinese ability. The main reason for the high consumption and low efficiency of Chinese teaching is that Chinese teaching does not give students the opportunity to practice.
1. Read extracurricular books and newspapers.
Guiding primary school students to form the good habit of reading and reading newspapers from childhood is an important content of primary school Chinese education and an important organizational form of primary school Chinese extracurricular activities. In this respect, I took the form of homework, which was done by the children independently, making newspaper clippings and writing handwritten newspapers; Group activities were adopted, everyone read together and then discussed together; Also take the form of group activities, hold reading reports, and organize the contents of books and newspapers into small programs.
Step 2 watch TV and movies
It has become a worldwide social problem that primary school students spend too much time watching TV every day. China's extracurricular activities should also include students watching TV and movies in their activities. I have organized students to watch TV programs and movies suitable for their age during extracurricular activities many times, and then explain what they have seen so that students can discuss with each other. I found that this can really expand students' knowledge from many angles and cultivate students' interest and thirst for knowledge in modern culture.
3. Talk, discuss, read aloud and make speeches
To carry out Chinese extracurricular activities, we must provide opportunities for children to speak and discuss. Oral expression plays an important role in cultivating children's thinking ability and language ability. At present, the class size of primary schools in China is too large, and Chinese extracurricular activities make up for the lack of opportunities for primary school students to speak in classroom teaching to some extent.
Only when students have good Chinese literacy can they promote their all-round and harmonious development and meet the needs of future study, life and work. In this regard, we should continue in-depth research, exploration and practice, and explore specific ways to effectively improve the Chinese literacy of primary school students, which are not only in line with the actual situation of primary school students, but also can be sustained for a long time, so as to provide some help for the smooth progress of the new curriculum reform among students in various schools.
[Editor: Chen Chen]