1. What kind of article is the education and teaching paper?
Our teachers are all engaged in teaching research, and most of the achievements are embodied in the form of teaching and research papers. Teaching and research papers are not as strict as scientific research papers. They are a relatively broad concept, generally including the following six categories: 1, papers on teaching reform and experiment; 2. Introduction of teaching theory; 3. teaching material analysis; 4. Teaching plan and teaching records; 5. Teaching experience and experience introduction; 6. Motion analysis. 1 class belongs to the report; Writing the second kind of articles is the current requirement for our teachers; Mainly the fifth kind of articles; The sixth category is written materials one level lower than the above categories; However, as long as the above six categories are well-founded, we all call them teaching and research papers. The elements of the paper are that arguments, arguments, arguments and conclusions should be clear. In addition, teaching papers can be divided into investigation, experimental reports, experience summary, theoretical research monographs, essays, miscellaneous talks, reflections, cases, academic reports, scientific papers and other types. Sometimes a good lesson plan, a good class record, is also a teaching paper.
Second, choose the starting point of education and teaching papers
For teachers who are engaged in the front line of teaching, they can write from the following aspects:
1, basic theoretical research. For example, the introduction process of some concepts or the proof process of some theorems and formulas in teaching materials should be improved and updated appropriately; Properly popularize or transplant the existing proposition; Put forward your own new views on controversial issues, analyze and correct some mistakes in textbooks or analyze and study some problems from a new theoretical height and new viewpoint.
2. Summary of teaching practice experience. In daily education and teaching, teachers always have such or such experiences, big or small, and always have their own pride. They should be good at recording and summarizing in time, getting rid of the rough and the fine, getting rid of the false and keeping the true, and rising from perceptual knowledge to theoretical understanding. Finally, it is expressed in words.
3. Students' psychological and physiological research. Combine the thinking characteristics and laws of students' learning to transform poor students; Extracurricular homework (extracurricular homework, extracurricular tutoring activities, subject competitions, etc.). ) and analyze common problem-solving mistakes.
4. Discipline. For example, the special problem-solving ideas or clever proofs of some subject problems, and the application of some subject thinking methods.
5. Experimental research on curriculum, teaching materials and teaching methods. At present, the research on the application of new textbooks, the reform of teaching rules and homework correction is worth writing. Especially now we are all carrying out efficient classroom teaching reform, and the application stage of new educational ideas can become our topic.
6. "Teachers are a must". That is, teachers' unique skills, unique skills and unique abilities in education and teaching can also be unique skills in teachers' daily life. "One skill" is not the only one, but mainly the characteristics, specialties and characteristics of teachers, and it is relative.
7. Stimulate the research of students' non-intelligence factors. Research on students' personality and psychological tendency.
Three, writing education and teaching papers, but also pay attention to high, deep, new and far-reaching ideas.
The so-called high is the starting point for writing teaching papers. Aim high, stand high and see far. From a strategic point of view, it is forward-looking, comprehensive, systematic, novel and insightful. With a high theoretical level, teaching and research should not always wander at the same level, but gradually improve the focus of understanding things. Profound does not necessarily mean unfathomable, but a profound study of the research problem. Only articles with thorough analysis and profound insights can stand out from many articles. Innovation means that articles can't be platitudes. It is particularly important to embody new teaching ideas, new courses, new approaches and new viewpoints. The content should dare to put forward new challenges to the new curriculum standard and new teaching materials, think what others have never thought of, say what others have never said, and write what others have never written. The content and form of the research are new. We should be good at using new ideas and methods of other sciences to study teaching, and absorb the research results of neighboring disciplines as reference. The so-called "far" means that the influence of argument is far. The topic should be realistic, practical and in line with the development direction, so that the paper written will have a long history.
Fourth, how to choose a good topic
Choosing a topic is to determine the topic, which is the first and most important step in writing. Whether the topic is appropriate or not is directly related to the "fate" of your work. Therefore, the following four aspects must be considered when choosing a topic.
(1) We should proceed from reality, seek truth from facts and pay attention to practical results. Usually, writing can only be considered if you pay attention to a certain problem, study it carefully and gain something. You can't write a good article without practical foundation or experience.
(2) whether there is innovative spirit, innovative spirit, and good at hunting good subjects. No matter what article you write, the key is originality. If in-depth innovation should reflect one topic at a time, it should not be used repeatedly. If you are inspired by other people's topics and have different views or new opinions on the same issue and need to use it again, you can use words such as "talk again", "talk again", "he said" and "stop talking" on the topic.
(3) Whether the materials and arguments are sufficient. Be thorough in reasoning.
(4) The topic should be small but not big. The topic is too big, which will inevitably distract people's energy and make the reason unclear. It is best to write from the side of a small problem and a problem, so that people can be inspired and gain something after reading it. The title of the paper is generally affirmative, and sometimes questions can be used to attract readers. In order to extend the theme, or to explain a fact in the title, a subtitle can be added after the title. The length of the topic of the paper and the number of words used are not necessarily. However, if the words are used properly, the whole topic will be poetic. If the words are used improperly, the whole topic will be eclipsed and will not play its due role. Therefore, the wording of the topic of the paper must be carefully scrutinized to draw up a fascinating and good topic.
Five, the source of topics for education and teaching papers
(1) from students
In education and teaching, we will encounter some students' problems, and the serious study of these problems becomes the source of the paper.
(2) from teachers
We often encounter many problems in preparing lessons, giving lectures, evaluating lessons, giving lectures, reflecting, taking exams, tutoring and correcting homework. If these questions are carefully sorted out, they can be used as writing materials for teaching papers.
(3) from the study.
Writing a paper after learning new knowledge, especially after learning and communicating through the internet, provides us with a frame of reference for observing problems from a higher and newer perspective. New knowledge, new concepts and new methods can break the old mindset, not only provide new sources for our research, but also continuously raise our research to a higher level.
Six, how to draw up a writing outline
When you have determined the topic and have enough materials and arguments, don't rush to write. You can write a detailed paper outline on the basis of careful consideration. The outline is to help the author clear his mind and guide you how to choose the content of the article. It is the skeleton of the article to be written. It plays the role of dredging materials and sorting them out, forming the basic structure of the article.
Seven, how to write the first draft
The outline has been drawn up, so we should hurry to write the first draft. The first draft should be written closely around the outline as soon as possible, and it is best to finish it at once. After the first draft is written, don't rush to finalize it. Put it on hold for a day or two, then reread it quickly to see if the expression is clear, the calculation is accurate, the reasoning is rigorous, whether the obvious mistakes are corrected, whether the illegible places are corrected, and then make a comprehensive revision in a few days. Now we all use computers to write teaching papers, which saves time and effort compared with traditional methods, saves a lot of effort in modifying and polishing, and is more convenient to submit. The revision and polishing of the article are mainly carried out in the following four aspects: 1. Structural revision; 2. Text revision; 3. Examination and approval of the case of charts, numerical symbols and letters; and 4. Rewriting the topic.
Eight, the writing format of education and teaching papers
A paper generally consists of the following six parts:
1. Title
Point out the problems that the author wants to study in one sentence, such as "experimental research on cultivating students' thinking quality in primary school mathematics", which shows that this paper studies how to cultivate students' thinking quality in mathematics teaching, and the research method adopted is educational experiment.
Step 2 sign
Under the title, paste the author's name and work unit to show that he is responsible for writing.
Step 3 introduce
This is the preface of a paper. Different styles of papers have different contents in the introduction. For example, the investigation report mainly states the purpose, reason and significance of the investigation; The experimental report mainly states the reason and purpose of the experiment and puts forward the hypothesis. However, no matter what style or type of paper, the introduction should meet two requirements: (1) explain clearly the purpose and significance of this study, the research status of predecessors and the problems to be solved in this study. (2) The text should be concise and to the point, as long as the problem is pointed out, and there is no need to elaborate.
The introduction part can be given a clear title in the paper, such as "the question is put forward", "the purpose of investigation" and "introduction", or it can be written in front of the argument without a title. Generally speaking, normative research reports usually have titles.
4. Main theory (this is the main body of the paper)
Different styles of papers have different requirements for the format of the main part. Papers with literature as the main research material will generally divide the main part into several parts, or be titled, or marked with "one", "two" and "three", and discuss them layer by layer. The research report, experimental report, measurement report and other papers with high normative requirements will be divided into the following three parts.
(1) research methods. That is, write the research object clearly. Such as age, gender, sampling method, sample size, control conditions, investigation items or experimental factors, test methods of research results, operation steps, etc.
(2) Research results and analysis.
(3) discussion. After analyzing the research results, it is necessary to have a more in-depth discussion. Such as the theoretical analysis of the research results, the scientificity and limitations of the research methods, the reliability and scope of application of the research results, etc.
5. Conclusion
This is a summary of the whole research work, a brief summary of the achievements or viewpoints obtained, and also the problems and directions for further research in the future. In the investigation report, this part should focus on putting forward valuable suggestions.
6. Quotations or references
Any scientific research activity advances and develops on the basis of predecessors' research, and educational research is no exception. (Reduce unnecessary duplication of work and achieve valuable results and breakthroughs) However, we should also respect the work of others. Anyone who quotes other people's data or research results must explain and indicate the source.