Anything near it will be sucked in by it. Black holes began to devour the shells of stars, but black holes could not devour so much matter. Black holes release some substances and emit two kinds of pure energy-gamma rays. It can also be simply understood as: usually, a star only contains hydrogen at first, and hydrogen atoms inside the star collide with each other all the time and fuse. Because of the great mass of stars, the energy generated by fusion competes with the gravity of stars to maintain the stability of star structure. As a result of fusion, the internal structure of hydrogen atoms eventually changes and breaks, forming a new element-helium. Then, helium atoms also participate in the fusion, changing the structure and generating lithium. By analogy, beryllium, boron, carbon and nitrogen will be generated in turn according to the order of the periodic table of elements. Stars will collapse until iron is produced. This is because iron is quite stable and can't participate in fusion, but it exists in stars, which causes the energy in stars to be insufficient to compete with the gravity of massive stars, which leads to the collapse of stars and eventually the formation of black holes. To call it "black" means that it is like a bottomless pit in the universe. Once anything falls in, it can't escape. Like white dwarfs and neutron stars, black holes may have evolved from stars several times larger than the sun. When a star ages, its thermonuclear reaction has exhausted the fuel (hydrogen) in the center, and the energy generated by the center is running out. In this way, it no longer has enough strength to bear the huge weight of the shell. Therefore, under the weight of the shell, the inner core begins to collapse, and the matter will move inexorably to the center until it finally forms a star with infinitely small volume and infinite density. When its radius shrinks to a certain extent (it must be smaller than schwarzschild radius), the space-time distortion caused by mass makes it impossible to shoot out even light-a "black hole" is born.
2. White dwarfs; A white dwarf is a star with low luminosity, high density and high temperature. Because of its white color and small size, it is named white dwarf. White dwarfs are late stars. According to modern stellar evolution theory, white dwarfs are formed in the center of red giant stars. White dwarf is a very special celestial body, with small volume and low brightness, but large mass and extremely high density. For example, Sirius companion star (this is the first discovered white dwarf star) is about the size of the earth, but its mass is about the same as that of the sun, and its density is about 6.5438+million tons/cubic meter.
3. neutron star neutron star, also known as wave pulse (note: pulsars are all neutron stars, but neutron stars are not necessarily pulsars, and we must receive its pulses before we can consider it. ) is one of the few endpoints that stars may become after supernova explosion through gravitational collapse at the end of evolution. In short, a star whose mass is not enough to form a black hole collapses at the end of its life to form a star between a star and a black hole, and its density is many times greater than that of any substance on earth.
Quaker Quaker is a hypothetical star, which is considered to be formed by strong interaction. According to theory, when a star dies, it will collapse under the influence of its own gravity. If its mass is moderate, that is, about 1.44 times more than that of the sun, gravity is enough to squeeze electrons and protons together in the star material to form neutrons. If the star is more massive, neutrons may split into their own components, namely quarks. Under a certain pressure, half of the quarks separated from neutrons can be converted into odd quarks, resulting in a denser material type. The star at this time is a "quark" formed by the close combination of odd quarks.
Quark buster is an imaginary star composed of strange quark matter. Theoretically, odd quark matter (odd matter for short) is in the particularly heavy quark model.
The extremely dense state of matter formed in neutron stars. According to this theory, when the neutrons that make up a neutron star are highly compressed by their own gravity collapse, a single neutron will collapse, and the quarks that make up the neutrons will be separated and further transformed into strange quarks, that is, "strange matter." At this time, the star is a "quark buster" or a "strange matter star" directly composed of strange quarks, and the whole star is almost a single giant neutron. According to the classification of weight and density, quarks are between black holes and neutron stars. If you add enough substance to Kwakexing, it will continue to shrink and collapse and become a black hole.
Edit the structural composition of this paragraph
The structure of Kwakexing is actually very simple. Unlike neutron stars, which are divided into many layers, the density distribution is roughly constant. As long as the mass is not too large, neutron stars and quarks on the earth's surface are quarks.
The center density is less than twice the area density, and the area density will rapidly drop to zero on the scale of about 1fm. This is because the whole star is a system with strong interaction constraints, and quarks may escape too far from the surface due to the color limit effect. Besides quarks, there are electrons in stars. Because electrons are only subject to much weaker electromagnetic constraints than strong interactions, their distribution is relatively scattered, and they extend beyond the quark surface. Because quarks and electrons remain electrically neutral, it is inevitable to form a strong electric field on the surface of quarks. The existence of this strong electric field will hinder it to some extent.
Due to the strong interaction between nucleus and quark matter, a shell with the maximum mass of about 10E(-6) times the mass of Yang was erected on the surface of quark star. If Kwakexing really has such a shell, its radiation characteristics, including thermal radiation and non-thermal radiation, will be difficult to distinguish from neutrons. However, it is generally difficult to form such a shell due to the strong radiation field, strong magnetic field and fast rotation of neutrino photons. A strange star with no shell and its surface directly exposed to interstellar space is called a naked strange star. The surface particles of naked strange stars have strong binding energy; Some radio emission characteristics of pulsars may indicate that the binding energy of surface particles is much higher than that of neutron stars. If it is further considered that the quark matter is solid, then the surface radiation characteristics of this solid naked strange star may be similar to that of metal, and the electrons are in a continuous state. So far, atomic spectral lines have not been clearly detected, which may reflect this property. Solid strange stars are similar to rigid bodies and can display long-term precession. In addition, when the internal stress of the solid strange star accumulates to a certain extent, the stress may be released quickly, which may lead to the star earthquake. The solid-state strange star earthquake will lead to two consequences: the sudden change of moment of inertia and the rapid release of energy including elastic energy and gravitational energy. The former may be related to the observed spin jump burr, and the latter can explain the huge high-energy ray flare phenomenon (soft R-ray repeated burst) of a class of celestial bodies. (The first two drawings: Zhang Jianian)