I. Environment
The influence of environment on computer life can not be ignored. The ideal working temperature of the computer should be 10℃ ~ 35℃. Too high or too low will affect the life of computer accessories. If conditions permit, the computer room must be equipped with air conditioning, and the relative humidity is 30% ~ 80%. Too high will affect the performance of CPU, graphics card and other accessories, and even cause some accessories to be short-circuited. It's humid in the south, so it's best to use the computer or turn it on for a while every day. Some people think that using computers less or for a short time can prolong the life of computers, which is a one-sided and vague view; On the contrary, if the computer is not used for a long time, the computer accessories will be damaged due to moisture, dust, sweat stains and other reasons. Of course, if the weather is humid to a certain extent, such as: there is water vapor on the surface of the monitor or chassis, never turn on the machine at this time to avoid unnecessary losses such as short circuit. Too low humidity is easy to generate static electricity, which is also unfavorable to the use of accessories. In addition, the dust content in the air has a great influence on computers. Too much dust will corrode the circuit boards of various accessories and chips for a long time; If the content is too small, electrostatic reaction will occur. Therefore, it is best to have dehumidifiers and vacuum cleaners in the computer room.
Computers also have requirements for power supply. The normal range of alternating current shall be 220v10%, the frequency range shall be 50hz 5%, and there shall be a good grounding system. If conditions permit, use UPS to protect the computer, so that the computer can continue to run for a period of time when the power supply is interrupted.
Second, the use habits
Good personal habits also have a great influence on computers. Please perform the startup and shutdown procedures correctly. The boot sequence is as follows: peripheral devices (such as printers, scanners, UPS power supplies, modems, etc. ) should be turned on first, if the monitor power supply is not connected to the host power supply, then the host will be turned on; The shutdown sequence is reversed: turn off the host first, and then turn off the peripherals. The reason is to minimize the damage to the host, because when the host is powered on, it will generate a strong pulse current to the host at the moment when the peripheral is turned off. After a period of time, you can't switch it frequently, because it will have a great impact on all accessories, especially on the hard disk. Generally, the time between shutdown and next startup should be at least 10 second. Pay special attention to avoid turning off the computer while it is working. For example, the computer shuts down suddenly when reading and writing data, which may damage the drive (hard disk, floppy disk, etc.). ); You can't move the machine when it is working normally. When shutting down, pay attention to exit Windows 10 operating system, close all programs, and then exit in the normal shutdown order, otherwise the application may be damaged. Of course, even when the machine is not working, try to avoid moving the computer, because excessive vibration will damage the hard disk, motherboard and other accessories.
Third, hardware failure.
In general, newly installed computers are more prone to failure, and the failure rate of the machine is relatively reduced after running for a period of time. For hardware faults, as long as we know the characteristics of various accessories and common troubleshooting methods, we can eliminate each fault one by one.
1. Poor contact fault Poor contact is generally manifested as poor contact of various boards, cards, memory and CPU. And the motherboard, or the power cable, data cable, audio cable, etc. are poorly connected. Among them, the phenomenon of poor contact between various interface cards and memory and motherboard is more common. Usually, the fault can be eliminated by replacing the corresponding slot or erasing the golden finger with an eraser.
2. Incorrect parameter settings CMOS parameter settings mainly include hard disk, floppy disk, memory, password, machine startup sequence, virus warning switch and other types. Because the parameters are not set or set improperly, the system will prompt an error warning.
3. Hardware failure. Hardware failure is not only related to its own quality, but also caused by overload or other reasons, such as insufficient power supply or excessive use of CPU, which may cause computer failure.
Fourth, software failure.
Software failures are usually caused by improper installation of hardware drivers.
1. If there is no driver installed or there is a conflict between drivers, you will find some marks in the Explorer under the Windows 95/98 operating system, including "?" Indicates an unknown device, usually the device is not installed correctly; "!" Indicates that there is a conflict between devices, and "×" indicates that the installed device driver is incorrect.
2. Prevention and treatment of viruses The harm of viruses to computers is well known, ranging from affecting the speed of machines to destroying files or causing crashes. In order to facilitate the maintenance of the computer at any time, we must prepare some necessary tools, such as 360, to deal with the situation that the system is infected with viruses or the hard disk cannot be started (the current 360 has the function of reading news similar to QQ in addition to antivirus). In addition, drivers of CD-ROM, sound card, video card, modem and other accessories should be prepared.
I hope it can help you solve the problem.