Gu Hongming: "Being in Germany is not braiding"
In recent years, Gu Hongming, known as the "cultural geek", was severely fired for a while. this
Ancestors' defense of concubinage, braids and foot binding and their understanding of many foreign languages
Anecdotes such as learning to remember things spread everywhere and became the talk of some cultural people after dinner. But,
You can't find much in the long and short articles and writings about the Gu family.
I don't quite understand Gu's point of view. The in-depth study of Gu and the accurate qualitative conclusion are even more important.
No one is involved. This is really the sorrow of academic circles.
The Gu family does often make some amazing and provocative remarks. In Oufeng Creek
Gradually, the campus is filled with worship of foreign countries, despite wearing robes and mandarin jackets and dragging a pigtail.
And that line, in the eyes of fashionable young people, is like a monster, so no matter then or now,
He can't get rid of the evil of the decadent "old man of the Qing Dynasty", but it is precisely this dirty product.
The old man has studied European and American cultures for decades, and outstanding language can make him
Can deeply understand the true colors of European and American cultures and kiss the essence of western higher education. He introduced
Introduce China's traditional culture, and then communicate with western scholars, which enjoys a high reputation in European and American academic circles. Gu family
Later, he refused western learning, succumbed to China's Confucius and Mencius, and vigorously promoted the local quintessence.
I'm afraid it can't be simply attributed to untimely conservatism and arrogance. Because he is in a foreign country.
After eating milk and bread for many years, I know the advantages and disadvantages of western material civilization.
And stubbornly adhere to the "quintessence of Chinese culture", he is indeed qualified and basic to connect China and the West and discuss China and foreign countries.
Money. Western scholars have never looked down on Gu, and many scholars are respectful to him.
However, there are many people in China who claim to be knowledgeable and regard Gu as a funny clown in academic circles.
Speaking of Gu's family, he laughed it off. Who is self-righteous and arrogant? No
Good judgment.
To correctly evaluate Gu Hongming and his academic value, we must first understand Gu's life.
Time magazine. Gu lived in the second half of 19 century to the first 30 years of this century (died in 1928).
In its glorious prime, China suffered the greatest humiliation of the great powers in modern history, almost.
When the country was destroyed. He caught up with the Second Opium War in 1860, and the British and French allied forces were on fire.
Mingyuan, Eight-Nation Alliance 1900 invaded Beijing and signed the "Xin Chou Treaty" which humiliated the country.
A historical event that grieved the people of China. In the west, he was deeply influenced by the sanctity of "human rights"
What Hong Ming saw in China was the ferocious face of western robbers. In this high-intensity contrast of thorns
Excited, but everyone with conscience in China can bow to the powers that eat people like wild animals.
Goodbye, follow western civilization like some fashionable people today? At that time, the weak were the strong.
In the frenzy of grain and foreign powers to carve up China, the Chinese nation fell into dire straits in the process of land compensation.
When the disaster happened, how many unscrupulous people in the world spoke out for the tragic experience of the people of China?
What about channelization? Throughout history, we can see that just after the Second Opium War,
After the British and French invaders looted Yuanmingyuan crazily, the Frenchman Hulme Moeller, later Paris,
Commune fighters published an article in the newspaper he edited, saying, "A great battle was fought in China.
Fighting will only bring increased expenses to the French people and terrible poverty to the soldiers, China.
People's hatred and contempt. The British newspaper People pointed out that the British government is "in
China carried out naked aggression. "Call on" the British people and never allow them to be sent to weak countries.
Move such an unjust war. "And another British newspaper" Freedom "also thinks that Chinese and English articles.
About "being acquired by force and ending China's independence". These public opinions
It reflects the sympathy and support of the British and French people for the China people's resistance to foreign aggression. Of course, we
I can't forget a letter written by victor hugo, a great French writer, to a friend, which was very angry.
Accusing the British and French invaders of their atrocities in Yuanmingyuan: "One day, two robbers walked into Yuanmingyuan,
One robbed something and the other set fire to it. This winner filled his pockets and that one filled his suitcase.
Men, holding hands, returned to Europe with a smile. This is the history of two robbers. In the calendar
In front of the stone, these two robbers, one called France and the other called England. "
When Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, the French workers' newspaper Forward was published.
The editorial titled "Tiequan" said: "There is no doubt that the China People's Movement (referring to the Boxer Movement).
This outbreak was caused by the "iron fist" policy towards China announced several years ago. ""because
This, China also raised his iron fist, not surprisingly. "1900 Lenin in?
The article "The War in China" published in the inaugural issue of the Mars newspaper solemnly pointed out: "The people of China
It is not that they hate Europeans, because there is no conflict between them. They hate European capital.
European governments directed by economists and capitalists. ""Those who come to China only for greatness.
Those who make a fortune, those who cheat, plunder and suppress with their so-called civilization,
Those who fought against China for the right to sell opium that poisoned the people (1856 Britain and France against China
War), those who use missionary nonsense to cover up plunder and policies, China.
Doesn't Tao hate them? "
Yes, historical facts are merciless and fair. These belong to the European people.
The representative of fair public opinion expresses the conscience of all mankind. So, what about China? Do you still have dignity?
China is empty! It is natural for the people of China to rise up and resist, and patriotic officers and men of the Qing Dynasty fought bloody battles.
The peace group is surging, vowing to "help the Qing Dynasty to destroy the ocean". It is really earth-shattering and makes people cry! however
Where are the scholars and intellectuals in China? What are they doing? Raised by the Qing court
A large group of fatuous bureaucrats are timid in the bonfire of national struggle.
Kneeling and begging, like a timid rabbit. When Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing, Empress Dowager Cixi was caught off guard.
Holding his head, he ran to Xi 'an and hid. However, in this precarious nation.
Just then, an China scholar got angry and wrote in the English newspaper Zilin West Newspaper.
He published a series of articles, such as Defending Our Country and Our People, denouncing the atrocities committed by foreign powers in China.
Protest against their "extraterritoriality" and "territorial jurisdiction" in China and expose foreign missionaries.
Evil, accusing them of using the scum of China people "insult everything, hurt everything".
Obviously, this "is the root of China people's hatred of foreigners." Because they "brought China.
All the disasters. He solemnly warned: "The people of China also have national feelings, which
Once their feelings are ravaged and hurt, they will be disgusted. "He clearly realized that.
"Like foreign powers, it must be out of ignorance and ignorance of material power to make
China people are morally bankrupt and in chaos. "He hit the nail on the head and pointed out that Europe and the United States pursue mass worship.
And power worship, conniving at a bunch of hooligans to do evil in China, has become "above".
Mob. In his article, he appealed to the Queen of England and asked her to tell the people of China.
You can be sympathetic. When he learned that the Queen of England had died, he told Russia publicly in the world.
The czar and the German prince called for the settlement of the China issue and the maintenance of world peace. He made this,
There is only one purpose: "Let China become independent, take care of foreigners in China, and let them behave themselves.
Live and work in peace. (For the above, please refer to "Collected Works of Gu Hongming" (I) Hainan Publishing House 1996)
This requirement is only the minimum requirement of any sovereign country. Take today's hot topic as an example.
Generally speaking, it is to safeguard the most basic human rights of the people of China.
So, who is this man? He is Gu Hongming. It is this man who leads the national disaster.
At that time, he dared and was able to shout out the voice of justice for the people of China in the international community. this
Is it possible to ignore or underestimate the indomitable spirit of China people? Indeed, ancient
His appeals and protests may seem weak and get no response. In his remarks, he did.
While defending the Boxer Rebellion, he also published words beautifying the Queen Mother of the West, expressing his deep concern for the traditional culture of China.
Unconditional praise. But these extreme views are the intensification of national struggle and the rise of national contradictions.
When the social contradiction was first published, the disaster of national subjugation and extinction was imminent, and people of insight
Worried, in this serious special circumstances, we have no reason to ask A Qing to appear in court.
The courtiers must betray the imperial power, just as we can't be ignorant and superstitious because of the boxer movement.
Erase its spirit of justice and fearless courage in resisting foreign powers' aggression. If, like some ethnic groups in those days,
Scum like Li Hongzhang doesn't say a word about the cruelty of the invaders, but helps others abuse them and do evil for them.
Liu tried to win the favor of the country; For example, Gong Banlun, Gong Zizhen's unscrupulous son, personally led the British and French allied forces to rob it.
Rob the Yuanmingyuan (including some despicable and greedy people who also rob it by taking advantage of the fire), then the Chinese nation will not?
Is it self-indulgence, becoming a slave beyond redemption, and there is no hope? Fortunately, the middle
The people of China have not been intimidated by this impact, and there is another intellectual like Gu Hongming in China.
Mankind can stand up and angrily accuse the great powers of heinous crimes to the whole world and to all mankind.
Shout out the voice of justice. In this regard, from the perspective of national festivals,
Gu Hongming is a great patriot, and he is worthy of being a descendant of the Chinese nation. If it is always
There are also some compatriots who ignore festivals and grab the braids behind their heads everywhere and say no, no, no.
4. frivolous and boring words (for example, on similar issues, there are various lenient treatments for the traitor Zhou Zuoren.
Let, touted remarks appear), then we might as well seriously answer to koo's words:
Gu Hongming's evaluation: "Being in Germany is not a braid"!
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Interpretation of Gu Hongming
Author: Zhang Jun
In the history of China's modern thought, Gu Hongming has always been proud of his conservatism, and his results are often noticed by the world. Today, if we put aside his arguments about the details of personal life and focus only on national culture and social politics, the reality of social development makes us have to admire Gu Hongming's foresight. After China society entered modern times, because the Revolution of 1911 broke the old social order, the whole of China fell into chaos that lasted for nearly a hundred years. Although every progress in history is accompanied by equal pain, people living in it, especially humanists like Gu Hongming, are unwilling to see such progress and strongly oppose it. Because in Gu Hongming's view, the progress of a society lies not in how developed its industry is, but in the degree to which its humanistic spirit cares for people. However, the modern industrial rationality introduced from the West only gave people material Wang Yang, which fundamentally denied the traditional social concept, so he stood on the standpoint of nationalism, despised the West and promoted China culture. He believes that Chinese civilization and western civilization are two different civilizations, each with its own development process. As a culture in the spiritual field, it should not be judged by material interests. In fact, China people at that time, just like lev tolstoy said, lost patience, gave up their original way of life for quick success and instant benefit, and devoted themselves to their own culture without foundation. The resulting mental trauma cannot be healed in one or two generations. Even so, I still hope that Gu Hongming's unique life can give us some enlightenment.
First, the foundation of conservatism.
From the perspective of the whole traditional culture, conservatism can come down in one continuous line because it attaches great importance to family values and family cultural atmosphere, which has a very important influence on one's thoughts and basically lays the ideological tone of one's life.
Just like this, Gu Hongming was born in a very orthodox feudal family, but unlike many contemporary young people who want to break the family cage and make progress, he has special feelings for the family system and ancestral temple. Because this family first lived in Nanyang, it grew a unique overseas Chinese complex in China on the soil of Confucianism, and has a dream of seeking roots for generations. Formally, whenever our ancestors worship the sun, my father always tells him in a solemn tone: "We are from China, born in China, and died as ghosts in China. We are willing to swear in front of our ancestors that no matter where we are or when we were born, we will never forget that it is the home of our ancestors. " (Li Yugang's Biography of Gu Hongming) Secondly, in terms of language, this family has been in Nanyang for nearly a hundred years and has always maintained the "Minnan Chinese" in its hometown. Language is the carrier of culture, and "language determines our thoughts" (An Ximeng's deconstruction of knowledge and truth in postmodernism), so as the enlightenment of thoughts, these became the forerunners of his conservatism. Therefore, at that time, when people were puzzled by the strange theory of such a cultural master who thought he was born in Nanyang and studied in the West, he actually ignored his unique overseas Chinese identity. Finally, from the perspective of ethnic relations, from the Five Dynasties Rebellion to the Yuan and Qing Dynasties' entry into the Central Plains, in the political arena of China, many people tried to replace Confucian culture with their own culture, which was finally assimilated. In fact, even if this culture has become an obstacle to historical development, people would rather inject new blood into it than abandon it. It is this continuous evolution of Chinese civilization that has won the highest position in the history of world civilization, and also enabled every China person to enjoy its unparalleled glory no matter where he is, so as to keep his faith. This is actually another reason why Gu Hongming admired China culture. Therefore, he pointed out that China culture is the most rational and humanistic, and it can give everyone the value of existence and the ultimate care for people in every society, which western utilitarianism does not have. In a word, both his family enlightenment, overseas Chinese complex and the practical value of traditional culture have laid a conservative side of his thought from different angles.
The other side of his conservative thinking is accident. Because his formal school education came from the West, he lived in England since childhood and lacked understanding of China's social life. This preconceived idea of western social life made him have an infinite affection for China society, and he was determined to educate Europe with China's philosophy. This difference in cultural order has become the root of his ideological pairing with overseas students represented by Hu Shi. Because Hu Shi had a deep understanding of China's social disadvantages before studying abroad, he hoped to save China with western learning. Gu Hongming had never set foot in China before studying abroad and knew nothing about China society. After entering the western society, he has been living in an aristocratic family environment. The conservatism and criticism of aristocratic families deeply infected him, which made him deeply criticize modern western society from the beginning. It is precisely because of his profound understanding of the disadvantages of modern western society that we can get rid of the narrowness and impetuousness of material reason and become a broad, profound, simple and sensitive China person. Of course, he did not ask people not to fight in the face of western aggression, but asked people to consider their words and deeds more rationally, abandon the shallowness of material rationality, and truly find the social pulse of the spiritual level. China people, who have been suppressed for thousands of years, have no time to think about these moral sermons. Driven by the temptation of material interests and the western powers, they have fallen into a deep pool of pragmatism. Faced with this social reality, he deeply realized the loneliness of "the whole world is drunk and I wake up alone". In this state of mind, his thoughts went to the other extreme. He not only defended the feudal system a hundred times, but also defended the cancer of feudal society, such as concubinage and foot-binding, and even praised Empress Dowager Cixi, a sinner of the Chinese nation, as "the greatest woman". Therefore, its conservatism should be attributed to his educational situation and social life background to some extent.
In fact, it is the western culture that has played an external role in promoting the formation of Gu Hongming's conservative thought, because conservatism, as an alternative thinking relative to the times, also has a very important influence in western culture. But westerners don't hate conservatism as much as China. But that it only represents "individuals feel powerless and humble in the face of historical changes and complex human nature, rather than black and white pictures or confident and arbitrary conclusions." (Xu Youyu's "Gu Hongming's Conservatism") Therefore, Gu Hongming is satisfied with his conservative role in his life, and he also calls himself "the last braid of Qing Dynasty". His main spiritual pillar lies in his westernized spiritual concept.
Mr. Li Yugang said in the biography of the madman Gu Hongming that Gu Hongming went to England to study at the age of ten and has been living in the Brown family, which was carefully cultivated by Mr. Brown and Mr. Brown. The Brown family has the aristocratic lineage of the Scottish kingdom, so they have been completely orthodox aristocratic education that other China people in the west can't reach since childhood. On the other hand, his university education focuses on history and literature, with Professor Carlyle, a famous critic of modern capitalist society, as his tutor. Therefore, as Li Yugang said, "Carlyle's image as a critic of modern capitalist society has simply become a great sage and an example that he directly imitated. Carlisle's strong critical consciousness and words seem to have injected into his soul. " So when Carlisle showed great respect and reverence for China's history and culture, he felt his sense of national pride and mission. Under the guidance of this thought, after returning to China, he insisted on his beliefs, put his theoretical foundation on the back of history, constantly struggled with society, and finally died of poverty. What is more tragic is that his favorite daughter actually invested in a temple in Suzhou after his death, which may be the best symbol of the society's due destination for his conservatism at that time.
Finally, the current social situation in the west at that time was also the reason why he rejected western culture and pursued China's calm and peaceful culture. Since the end of19th century, the whole western society has been shrouded in chaos and fear. The economic crisis swallowed up the wealth in people's hands, and the original social organizations re-differentiated and combined. Driven by material rationality and power consciousness, the spectre of militarism spread all over Europe. In this regard, people began to doubt the whole capitalist system and no longer believed the votes peddled by politicians. As Carlyle said, "Today's so-called Europe is just a democratic system without democratic spirit." So at that time, China people worshipped the western social system, and Gu Hongming showed great dissatisfaction. He would rather hold on to the remnants than pick up the leftovers, and it is inevitable that he will eventually become conservative.
Second, Gu Hongming's understanding of the traditional society in China
In the preface to Spirit of China, Gu Hongming said: "In fact, to understand the real China people and China civilization, that person must be profound and unpretentious. Because the character of China people and the three characteristics of Chinese civilization are deep, broad, simple and sensitive. " In this regard, Mr. Xu Youyu said in "Gu Hongming's Conservatism": "He is so delicate and sensitive to the temperament and personality of China people that it is difficult to understand. He is cold and considerate. " Admiration is beyond words.
But why do China people have such excellent qualities? In Gu Hongming's words, because China people live a spiritual life, people's cognition of society is to think with their hearts instead of just using their brains; On the issue of human nature, the Confucian orthodoxy is "the beginning of life, human nature is good", so the whole society is in an ideal state. In this society, there are no individuals, only families. In the face of the feeling that blood is thicker than water, the excellent quality of the Chinese nation is revealed. The reason why China people are deep is that everyone has a leader whom he admires very much, and there are respectable relatives in his family-parents and brothers, and ancestors are enshrined in his "church" of "good citizen religion". Facing the glory of ancestors and the expectations of family members, everyone should be deep.
The simplicity of China people is the result of thousands of years of agricultural civilization in China. Everyone in China lives on the basis of trusting others, while China's traditional "loyalty" makes people trust everyone they expect. Therefore, in this honest and relative social organism, people will not have the western "Sherlock" type of mercenary, and live a simple life with all their heart.
The people of China are vast, because we have a long history and civilization and a vast territory. In this vast world, people have created glories and suffered great sufferings, and it is these glories and sufferings that have created the broad mind of China people.
China people are sensitive, because every factor in society, especially a complex society like China, must have sensitive qualities. Without it, the whole society can't function normally. In China, a society that attaches great importance to relationships, people must handle all kinds of relationships well. A slight negligence will make it difficult to move, which requires people to have sensitive qualities. The glory of history proves this. In addition, we can say that it is China culture that has nurtured the profound, simple, extensive and sensitive qualities of the people of China, and enabled the Chinese nation to continue as an ancient nation for thousands of years. Just as Gu Hongming said: "The spirit of China people is a spirit of eternal youth and an immortal national soul", "It is compassion or real human wisdom that makes people of China type, thus forming the unspeakable tenderness of real China people. This true human wisdom is an organic combination of sympathy and wisdom, which makes people's mind and brain harmonious. In a word, it is the harmony between mind and intelligence. " (Gu Hongming's Spirit of China People) It is based on this spirit that Gu Hongming made a series of unique dissections of China society, which can be said to be beyond the reach of any China scholar at that time, at least I sincerely admire him.
Gu Hongming's exposition of China's traditional society has an inherent logic. Taking the spirit of China people as a breakthrough, he made a profound analysis of China society. Although there are some hard-to-hide defects in this process, these extreme remarks are only his personal social consciousness, so it can be said that he is only loyal to his life. We don't need to be too dissatisfied with this. On the contrary, his analysis of social structure deserves our deep thought.
In China, the traditional society takes the family as the basic unit, and people live in different collectives, fulfilling their own obligations, that is, dealing with various social relations. In these relationships, he accepted Confucius' assertion that the way of heaven and earth lies in husband and wife. So he started from the relationship between husband and wife and repeatedly demonstrated the philosophy of "no self". He thought, "The real China woman has no self." "In China, the ideal woman doesn't ask a man to hug and worship her all her life, she just needs to live purely selflessly for her husband." Similarly, men's presence in China is selfless. "He is not only responsible for his family, but also for his king and country, and even sometimes gives his life in the process of serving the king and country." Therefore, he demonstrated that men in China follow the "teaching of loyalty", and loyalty is also a kind of "no self" in Confucian classics, so he said: "Only when foreigners understand these two kinds of" Tao "or" teaching ",the" teaching of loyalty "and" teaching of no self "of China people can they understand China men or real China women. (ditto) Perhaps many people, especially feminists, will categorically deny this point, but Mr. Liu Mengxi said in "An Outline of Modern Academic Research in China": "But when a social system has been divided in interests and is about to disintegrate, the etiquette order and ideological system that the ruler originally chose to maintain the established social system will lose its holding power, but the manners and customs that cannot be found in the court can still be found among the people. This is the so-called' people'. Therefore, judging from Gu Hongming's personal social perception, this philosophy of selflessness has a certain practical basis.
In fact, in Gu Hongming's view, it is the "good education" of the whole society that leads to the reconciliation of interpersonal relationships on the basis of mutual trust. But from the strict logic of the west, this system is unstable, because the society is complex and everyone's quality is different. If one person breaks his word, it should be said that the system will disintegrate. Actually, it's not. On the one hand, China people who really live a spiritual life will not break their promises to others. On the other hand, belief occupies a very important position in Confucian moral laws and regulations. In this system, if someone dares to take the world by storm, he will undoubtedly die in society. As a deep Chinese, he won't and won't, because he doesn't live for himself, but for his ancestors and descendants. The only thing he wants to do most is to be a gentleman. Of course, Gu Hongming did not surpass his predecessors in this respect, but he can affirm the value of a culture with an alternative critical eye when it is declining, which should be said to be worthy of our reverence.
Gu Hongming's analysis of the above-mentioned society ultimately boils down to a debate in the cultural field. His contribution to traditional culture is mainly to clear the weeds in the thorny field of China culture in the western world and establish a correct cultural image of China.
Starting with language, he divides Chinese into two categories: spoken language and written language, and thinks that "spoken language belongs to the language of uneducated and completely uneducated people, and is actually the language of children." Written language can be divided into three categories: simple rhetorical language, popular language and highly elegant language. He believes: "The advanced classical Chinese in China literature can one day change those people who fight in Europe as patriots with an animal-like fighting instinct and are still in a natural and rude state, making them peaceful, elegant and humble." This statement about language is consistent with post-modernist deconstruction. An Ximeng said in Postmodern Deconstruction of Knowledge and Truth: "Language cannot objectively provide the truth about the world. In essence, language determines our thoughts. Since language is a cultural creation, in the final analysis, meaning is also a social construction. " Based on this understanding, it is reasonable for Gu Hongming to try to change the way of thinking of westerners through language changes, so as to fundamentally save Europe and make the western world get rid of chaos and move towards order. In the eyes of Gu Hongming, who pays special attention to the soul, it is natural for eastern civilization to replace western civilization, so he said: "Because China people live a spiritual life, I take China's language as the spiritual language." So he thinks that if westerners master the language habits of the orientals, they will realize that the dimension of life will change from rationality to rationality, and from thinking with their brains to thinking with their hearts. Modern medicine has proved that his idea is reasonable. ) In real life, it is this difference of thinking that makes the cultural exchange between the East and the West have great obstacles, so that many excellent literary works in China are not recognized by westerners, while western literary works can be understood by China people. This is because the quality of China people is broad and sensitive. Based on the above comparison, Gu Hongming highlighted the status of China culture, and at the same time showed the depth of his understanding of China culture.
Gu Hongming's work in the westward advancement of oriental culture is not groundbreaking, but it is symbolic. As early as the beginning of entering China, westerners tried their best to understand the ancient eastern countries with different customs. However, due to cultural differences, their understanding of China can only be taken out of context. As a result, those missionaries with little knowledge stood in the position of western centralism, and created a very bad image for China in the western world. Therefore, Gu Hongming is extremely angry at the slander of the so-called "great sinologist" in the West. He accused: "There is a wrong tendency among foreigners now. They don't know Chinese or Confucianism, but they learn everything. I am not only in the abstract concept of riddles, but also want to be a master or sinologist. "Master" or "Sinologist" is just a noun, which is a synonym that Mr. Hopkins said when he talked about the staff of the British consulate-foreigners living in China call it a fool. " (Li Yugang's The Grinch Gu Hongming) Because of his dissatisfaction with western translators, he retranslated many cultural classics through his own understanding of culture. What is commendable is that he translated some important concepts in China culture, such as "benevolence", "righteousness" and "propriety", with western vocabulary.
Regarding the translation of "benevolence", he pointed out: "All innocent feelings of human beings can be contained in one Chinese character, which is" benevolence ". In European languages, the word "divinity" in ancient Christian terms is closest to the meaning of "benevolence", because "benevolence" is a sacred and extraordinary quality that people have. In modern terms,' benevolence' is equivalent to kindness and human love. " (ditto) Of course, this explanation of "benevolence" may not be appropriate from the point of view of "staying in Confucianism", but after all, he pointed out the position and spiritual essence of "benevolence" in Confucianism, which is much more brilliant than the translation of Confucius' "lust difficulty" by Dr. Zhai Lisi, a great sinologist, into "indescribable him". Zhai Lisi's translation is different from the original intention. In addition, when he translated "Li" and "Yi", he said: "(They) are actually the religious spirit that Confucius gave us in China." He thinks that only Chinese civilization pays equal attention to ceremony and righteousness, while Hebrew civilization and Greek civilization give Europeans less "ceremony" and "righteousness", which leads to the most cruel, barbaric, useless and terrible war in Europe so far. He pointed out that Chinese civilization is the "gentleman's righteousness, villain's benefit" taught by Confucius, so there is no mob worship and power worship under commercialism. He also believes: "Only when we get up the courage and refuse to join and follow those mobs regardless of self-interest, can we eliminate mob worship in the near future." Then it points out that "the real and greatest enemy in today's world is the spirit of commercialism embodied in us, not the militarism of Prussia and Germany." Facts have proved that Gu Hongming's analysis is convincing, at least to westerners, because he won the highest honor that China people can get in Europe a hundred years ago.
In a word, Gu Hongming's understanding of traditional culture is unique, which is reflected in his grasp of China people's spirit, analysis of social structure and understanding of traditional cultural concepts, rather than arguing for the sake of debate as people imagine. Everything he says and does shows his respect for culture.
Third, the last fanatic in China's traditional culture.
Gu Hongming has always been famous for his strangeness, but through the phenomenon, we can actually find that he is more stubborn. Throughout his life, he constantly opposed the social trend and became a reactionary with the times as the standard, but his indomitable spirit and loyalty to his own cultural ideas deserve our admiration.
because