Britain's Reflection on the Rise of Great Powers 1 Britain, facing the European continent across the sea, won a great victory in the naval battle with the Spanish Armada in 1588 and gradually entered the world stage. In the process from the Middle Ages to the modern society, a powerful monarchy has become a key link. Queen Elizabeth's encouragement of ocean exploration and trade, enlightened attitude towards governing the country and compromise means to deal with social contradictions have brought this marginal island country an early glory. During the period of Charles I, England was plunged into civil war. In that chaotic era, the British people constantly explored a new management system suitable for their own country, and finally established a constitutional monarchy through a glorious revolution, completing the transformation to a modern society.
Under what historical conditions did Britain's industrial revolution take place? Because the relatively open and free religious environment in Britain provides a relaxed space for the birth of outstanding scientists, the innovation of these unconventional scientists has been successful. At that time, Britain's relatively democratic political system created a relatively tolerant social environment, created conditions for Britain's economic development, and prepared for the arrival of the industrial revolution.
These three outstanding scientists made Britain play the role of industrial pioneer: Newton discovered the law of the operation of the universe, and the scientific spirit penetrated into British society; Watt finally solved the core power problem with the universal steam engine, and British industrialization began to spread out at an alarming rate; Adam Smith pointed out the market law of free competition with The Wealth of Nations, and the British began to promote free trade and expand the global market with the support of their strong industrial capabilities. With the efforts of these talents, Britain became the first industrialized country in the world. During this period, Britain defeated its powerful neighbor France and became the largest colonial empire in the world.
In order to encourage invention, Britain also promulgated the earliest patent law in the world. All this has led to a scene in Britain where the whole people are keen on invention, production and trade. Patent law is a law to protect rights and interests. Only when citizens' rights and interests are strongly protected will they have the passion to create and contribute. This is something that all governments should remember.
Political democracy has promoted ideological emancipation, which has created a large number of innovative talents, and innovative talents have brought about scientific and technological progress. Scientific and technological progress fundamentally determines economic development, and economic development promotes social development and national prosperity-this is Britain's road to becoming a powerful country, and it is still worth learning.
From the middle and late19th century, the colonies became the burden of the British Empire, and the disadvantages of the free market economy gradually emerged, and Britain's development began to slow down, eventually losing its position as the world hegemon. Colonization and plunder will eventually lead to resistance. The development of a country cannot be based on harming the interests of other countries, and equality and mutual benefit can maintain stable development. Even now, a win-win situation in foreign trade is the real success. In fact, any economic system will have its own drawbacks. Only by constantly improving and perfecting the existing system can it develop better. We must keep pace with the times so as not to be eliminated by the times.
On the other side of the ocean, there is an "empire that never falls"-Britain! Britain has a developed economy and is suitable for tourism. More importantly, it has a long history and culture. The aristocratic atmosphere in his bones attracted many foreign tourists to this mysterious country.
Today, the teacher organized us to watch the English article The Rise of Great Powers. After reading it, I became more and more interested in this "empire that never falls". As a small island country on the other side of the Atlantic, he had the courage to fight against Spain, the maritime empire at that time. Queen Elizabeth I defended this country with her life, and her people did not let her down. A new maritime power, Britain, has risen!
In fact, the two titles of "empire never falls" and "world factory" can be summarized as Britain's greatest achievements. First of all, the first one: after defeating Spain, Britain gradually began to monopolize maritime trade. Especially under the leadership of Elizabeth I, developing the domestic economy and accumulating capital have become the top priority to revitalize Britain. Even after the queen's death, the task was not abandoned. Therefore, in the early days of British development, the expansion and aggression against colonies never stopped, and even colonies spread all over the world, which was something to be proud of for our citizens, so that there was an "empire-abiding".
Britain's industrial revolution had a far-reaching impact on the whole world. When China was still closed to the outside world, Britain had turned a new chapter in history, and machines began to replace manual labor, which was unimaginable in the Qing Dynasty at that time. The appearance of Jenny spinning machine and the invention of Watt steam engine are leading the world to a new era step by step. From then on, the people of the world began to move towards the road of industrial revolution.
In addition to leading the trend in economy, Britain has also brought about new reforms in politics. The promulgation has given Britain another baptism, and even had an immeasurable impact on the whole of Europe. It was first mentioned that the power of the monarch is not supreme, but the power of the people is supreme. This was unprecedented in the world at that time. The death of Charles I proved that he wanted to rule the people, control the parliament, control the courts and control the people, which was not feasible in Britain. If he tramples on people's rights, he will be punished by law. The death of Charles I is a fatal blow to those countries with absolute monarchy and those countries that want to implement absolute monarchy.
At the same time, British culture and drama have a far-reaching impact on the world, and its classical culture is worth learning.
In short, the English chapter of The Rise of Great Powers brought me not only shock, but also a better understanding of this "empire"!
Reflections on the rise of Britain's great powers Chapter III Constitutionalism Britain ensured the long-term stability of the state power, and the implementation of the patent protection law and navigation law promoted the development of British commerce and trade, followed by the industrial revolution. At that time, Britain defeated the invincible French Empire of Napoleon, and used to feel sorry for Napoleon's Waterloo when reading books. It is a historical necessity to think about it now. The industrial revolution made Britain the first modern country, and forced the whole world to follow in her footsteps towards modernization. About the industrial revolution, we should remember these people:
First, Newton.
Apple introduced gravity, and published the mathematical principles of natural philosophy in 1687, expounding gravity and three laws of motion, which laid the foundation of mechanics and astronomy in the next three centuries, became the foundation of modern engineering, and announced the arrival of the scientific era. He is the greatest scientist in human history. If God created man, he found a way for God to create man.
Second, Watt.
At that time, there was a steam engine in Britain, but it was too big to be popularized. Watt painstakingly studied mechanics, chemistry and mathematics, and invented a new steam engine structure on the basis of the original newcomen steam engine, which has hardly changed in the next 50 years. The importance of the invention of Watt's steam engine is incalculable. It is widely used in factories, becoming the power of almost all machines, changing people's work and production methods, greatly promoting technological progress and opening the curtain of the industrial revolution.
Third, Adam Smith.
He is the author of The Wealth of Nations. He revealed that the deepest motive source of human development is to pursue their own interests and meet their own needs, and put forward the concept of free competition. He told the world that the best way to get wealth is not to burn and plunder, but to sell goods and trade freely. The Wealth of Nations became the first book trying to explain the history of European industry and commerce, which developed a modern economics discipline and provided a theoretical basis for modern free trade, capitalism and libertarianism. Under his influence, free trade became the national policy of Britain, and now it is also the knowledge of the whole world. Without him, perhaps the Sino-British Opium War would not have opened the country and opened the trading ports for free trade, but might have burned and looted like the Mongolian Empire.
Of course, we should also remember Queen Victoria of England. During her reign, Britain has never achieved brilliant results, but she is also known as the "inaction" queen. She seems to be doing nothing, but she insists on the constitutional law, breaking the imprisonment of society to the maximum extent and returning power to the people. This greatly stimulated the creativity of society and made Britain reach an unparalleled height. British history tells the world that the monarchy is not given by God, but by the people. Historical progress and social development do not depend on the wise SHEN WOO of the ruler, but on whether the society is fair and just, and whether the state protects private property, which ultimately depends on every citizen.
Reflections on the Rise of Great Powers in Britain This semester, our teacher often plays a series of programs called The Rise of Great Powers. Unconsciously, I liked this program, especially the rise of Britain, which impressed me deeply.
As the future successors of the Chinese nation, we should understand history, learn from it and create the future. The successful rise of Britain is an example for us to learn from. It is our responsibility and task to dare to innovate, challenge the unknown future, seize the opportunity, reform in time, and open up a road conducive to the development of China.
The rise of Britain began in a relatively open religious environment. At this time, some scientists dare to innovate and be unconventional. Watt, the inventor of the steam engine, was not criticized by secular religion or obstructed by the royal family at that time. Therefore, such a historical environment provides Watt with the opportunity to freely invent and create in a favorable environment. When his experiment was successful, it was used in industry, which made British industry develop rapidly. As a result, he became the leader of the first industrial revolution and the pioneer of the times, leaving some Asian countries far behind. However, China closed its doors to the outside world, but the outside world made epoch-making progress, and China was still in backward feudal agriculture and basic handicrafts. When a cannon shot opened the door of China, China was only in a position of being beaten, and a series of treaties on occupation of territory and reparations were signed one after another. At that time, China woke up.
1588, when Elizabeth ascended the throne, news came from the English Channel that Spanish and Portuguese navigators had successfully explored and made a fortune. This era is an era of searching for a new continent and becoming a maritime hegemon, which is a challenging opportunity for ambitious Elizabeth and an opportunity to become a maritime hegemon. She thinks that in this era, whoever grabs the initiative and accepts new ideas will grab the position of maritime overlord first, and whoever develops first will become the first power. Since Britain defeated Spain's armada with weak strength, Britain has naturally become the overlord in the Atlantic Ocean, coquettish for hundreds of years.
Also, during the Elizabethan period, she handled the rights and interests of the king and the landlord reasonably, each in his place and doing his duty, which became unwritten law and did his duty. Elizabeth's wisdom and courage have to be admired by us, so that she will never disappear from the memory of the British people, even the people of the world. The prosperity of every country cannot be separated from an enterprising king.
In the era of British economic instability, Elizabeth I saw the potential of the ocean and wisely extended her power to the ocean to enrich the national treasury. Faced with the condemnation of Spain, the maritime overlord at that time, they calmly beat back their fleet and drove away the coachman at sea-Holland, and wrote the history of British navigation from then on. In the face of the relationship with the nobility, I saw the situation of the country clearly, strictly abided by the provisions of the Magna Carta, and was in a delicate balance with the nobility. After Elizabeth's death, England fell into civil war. In that chaotic era, the British people constantly explored a new management system suitable for their own country, and finally implemented a constitutional monarchy after the glorious revolution and embarked on the road of becoming a powerful country.
At the same time, British culture and drama have a far-reaching impact on the world, and its classical culture is worth learning.
In short, the English chapter of The Rise of Great Powers brought me not only shock, but also a better understanding of this "empire"!
England has always been my favorite country. Not only is it economically developed and very suitable for tourism, but the most important thing is that it has a long history and culture, and the aristocratic atmosphere in its bones deeply attracts me. Let me yearn for this mysterious country more.
Today, the teacher organized us to watch the English chapter of The Rise of Great Powers. After reading it, it really touched me, and I became more and more interested in this country. As a small island country in the Atlantic Ocean, what kind of courage did he have against Spain, a maritime power at that time? I really admire the majesty of Elizabeth I. As a weak-willed woman, she never married for her country and people. I have devoted my life to this country. It is precisely because of her attitude of serving the people wholeheartedly that this country and this group have not let her down. Britain has risen rapidly in Europe. In the past, the era when Portugal and the Netherlands dominated maritime hegemony gradually declined, followed by a new maritime power-Britain.
Speaking of Britain, we can think of two titles, one is "The sun never sets" and the other is "The World Factory", which can actually sum up Britain's greatest achievements. Let's start with the first one.
After Britain defeated Spain, Britain gradually began to monopolize maritime trade. Especially under the leadership of Queen Elizabeth I, developing domestic economy and accumulating capital has become a top priority to revitalize Britain. Even after the death of the Queen, Charles I did not give up this mission when he ascended the throne. Therefore, in the early days of British development, the expansion and aggression against colonies never stopped, and even colonies should be spread all over the world. This is something to be proud of for people who should be alive, so that they have the title of "The sun never sets".
Needless to say, the world factory, the industrial revolution has brought far-reaching influence to the whole world. This country began to write a new chapter in history when China was still locked in feudal society, and machines began to replace manual labor, which was unimaginable in the Qing Dynasty at that time. The artillery fire of the industrial revolution began with the textile industry. The appearance of Jenny spinning machine greatly reduced labor productivity. The most historic nature is the invention of Watt's steam engine. Watt, the inventor, will be remembered by people all over the world.
Not only that, politically, many British practices are also groundbreaking. The promulgation of Magna Carta has brought immeasurable influence to Britain and even Europe as a whole. The charter shows that the rights of the monarch are not supreme, but the rights of the people are supreme. This was definitely a historic change in the world at that time. After the death of Queen Elizabeth I, Charles I came to power, trying to rule the people and control the court for a while. Control the people. But the facts tell him that it is not feasible in a country like Britain, and trampling on people's rights will be punished by law. Was eventually guillotined. This time shocked the whole European continent. Those countries with absolute monarchy, as well as those countries that want to implement absolute monarchy, began to think.
Culturally. A great genius-Shakespeare appeared in England. People will never guess what's going on in Shakespeare's mind. He can think of the most evil and primitive things in people's hearts and show them through drama. Even if his works contain contempt for the queen, the queen can still sit on the opposite side of the stage and watch his play. Perhaps this is the attraction of his play. British classical culture is worth learning.
Reflections on the rise of Britain's great powers. The external rise of a country is an extension of its internal strength.
Britain, the first country to step into modern society, claimed to be "imperial". I believe that the rise of Britain is not accidental, but the inevitable result of the mature political, economic, technological and cultural environment.
It established a capitalist system and advocated a "mercantilist" policy. After the opening of the new sea route, Britain took advantage of its geographical advantages, vigorously developed foreign trade, attached importance to the development of the navy, and won the position of maritime hegemon. By the end of 19, its colonies had spread over almost all continental plates, ruling over 300 million people in the world at that time. It's a pity that the colonies became independent one after another, which made Britain suffer some blows and lost its former glory. )
Churchill once said, "The British Empire will not lose an India immediately, nor does it want to lose a Shakespeare." It can be seen that Britain's respect for science and attention to personnel training made Britain the first country to embark on the road of industrialization, and made many outstanding achievements in the industrial revolution, which laid a good foundation for Britain's rise.
The United States held an international exposition in Philadelphia on 1876 to celebrate its independence100th anniversary. At that time, the Qing government sent an exhibition group to display embroidered shoes with small feet and instruments made of pure silver, while western European countries exhibited products with high scientific and technological content and in line with the trend of the times, such as British steam locomotives, American motors and generators, and German precision machine tools for processing guns. This is the gap between China and Western European countries at that time!
Although China has learned a lot of high technology from the West, it has achieved rapid economic development. However, China at the moment is just copying, imitating, not creating! Such China is doomed to lag behind those countries that are enterprising and innovative in science and technology. I think that only by attaching importance to education, being good at learning from the experience of other countries, improving people's quality and living standards, mobilizing people's enterprising spirit and promoting economic development can China truly realize its dream of becoming a powerful country. When "Made in China" is successfully transformed into "Created in China", it is a favorable condition to catch up with them. I believe that China will become stronger on its own!
Britain is a unique country in northwest Europe. The North Sea and the English Channel separate these islands from the rest of Europe, which makes it easier for Britain to defend itself-as long as it has appropriate defense means and firm defense will.
For a long time, Britain has been living on the edge of the civilized world, and the process of civilization has been defeated by foreign invaders many times. It is such a small island country floating in the stormy waves of the North Sea, with a population of only tens of millions. But it took the lead in knocking on the door of the modern world and eventually became an empire with colonies all over the world. At this time, the map of the world seems to have been quietly redrawn for him. Britain has changed from the geographical edge to the center of the world, and such a small island country has become the leader of world modernization.
Britain changed from an island country to a European power, and finally became the world hegemon, relying on a new institutional civilization he created, which has always led the trend of human progress and made all countries in the world follow suit. After 1870, Britain began to decline, because conservative factors in its culture hindered its continued development, thus gradually falling behind and becoming a second-rate country.
Looking at the development track of world history, will you have the same thinking as me: why did the country suddenly prosper and become an invincible hegemon? Why can a big country in history only maintain hegemony for about a century? And what laws and characteristics are there, and what experiences or lessons should China learn from them?
/kloc-Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Britain, France, Germany, Japan, Russia and the United States have risen one after another since the 0/5th century. The rise of great powers leads us to explore the historical development track of other countries, sum up their experiences and lessons, analyze our own development situation from a historical perspective and a global perspective, discard our own dross and take the essence of other countries, so that our country can develop in the future world.
Returning to the new era of 2 1 century and facing the fierce international competition environment, China should stick to the development path of peaceful rise, actively carry out exchanges and cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peace, and constantly improve the quality of the country itself, social organizations and citizens. It is believed that this will also be another strategic direction for developing countries to achieve leap-forward development and change their rising predicament.
China has always been committed to national rejuvenation and has not challenged the existing international system and its order, but its rapid development in the past 30 years has largely benefited from the open policy of integrating into the international system. In my opinion, the problems caused by the logic of capital expansion and aggregation, which the country relies on at present, are more subtle and important, and the impact on China is very fundamental.
Reflections on the Rise of Great Powers in Britain Part 9 recently led students to watch The Rise of Great Powers, and the students were deeply touched. Germany can be regarded as the largest country in Central Europe. Its modern universities and scientific and technological inventions are world-famous and occupy an important position in history. It used to be the birthplace of the second industrial revolution, and the pace of entering modern times was much later than that of Britain, France and the United States. It is also the birthplace of the two world wars and the defeated country in the two world wars. How did Germany quickly catch up with and surpass Britain, which once dominated19th century? This is a question worthy of our discussion. How did Germany rise from the ruins after two wars? This is another question worth discussing.
Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the country. A strong teenager is a strong country, and a strong country is a young glory. The strength of a country is the strong backing for the happiness of national life. When the country is strong, it will be strong enough to speak out internationally and protect its citizens. How to make our country stronger is the responsibility and obligation of every Chinese son and daughter.
In ancient times, we were developed and famous for our prosperity. How to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a problem worthy of our consideration and action.
By watching the documentary, we can know that Germany was a divided country in feudal society, and political division hindered economic development. Bismarck achieved reunification by means of iron and blood, which shows that military power is a necessary force of a country and a guarantee of national security, and military power must be strengthened. Germany has developed rapidly after reunification, and many measures have been taken, one of which is to attach great importance to education and take the cultivation of national quality as the basis of national rejuvenation. A famous person said long ago that Prussia's victory in the Franco-Prussian War was decided in the primary school classroom. Historical facts have proved that no country is backward because it attaches importance to education. A century-long plan, education-oriented. Rejuvenating the country through science and education is a basic national policy of our country. This is a country's soft power, education construction is talent construction, and talent is an important resource of a country. State-owned. The quality of an individual determines the soft power of a country.
Not long ago, our teacher showed us The Rise of Great Powers-Britain. The short film tells the story of the rise of a small island country. I felt it, pondered for a long time, and wrote down my feelings.
As college students in contemporary China, we are the hope and future of the motherland, and how our future will directly determine the future of the motherland. As the saying goes, "Know yourself and know yourself, and you will win every battle." We must first understand ourselves and our history. The Chinese nation has a history of 5,000 years, and we have accumulated excellent cultural traditions and material culture in the long river of history, which are the basis for the future rise of the Chinese nation, so we can't do without knowing ourselves. However, a vast country has excellent history and culture and a lot of dross. We should see the bad influence of these dross on us, so as to try our best to get rid of the dross, take the essence of Chinese culture and get rid of the dross of Chinese culture: in short, we should treat our national cultural traditions dialectically. Looking through the long scroll of history, we can see that since ancient times, among the nation-states that were born, some declined, while Britain, as a once rising power, had a great influence on the world pattern. Throughout the historical development of Britain, 1588 defeated Spain's "Armada" and established maritime hegemony; 1640, Britain was the first bourgeois revolution in the world and became the pioneer of bourgeois revolution; In May 1649, 19 announced the establishment of the Republic of China; 1660 restored the dynasty, and 1688 witnessed a "glorious revolution" and established a constitutional monarchy; England 1707 merged with Scotland, 180 1 merged with Ireland; /kloc-from the second half of 0/8th century to the first half of 0/9th century, it became the first country in the world to complete the industrial revolution; /kloc-the 0/9th century was the heyday of the British Empire. In 2004, 19 1 165438 occupied 0 times as many colonies as the mainland, and it was the largest colonial power, claiming to be "imperial". In my opinion, the most important thing is "change", which brings everything and creates a powerful British empire. The bourgeois revolution is a change, and the industrial revolution is a change. These "changes" have brought great national vitality.
The development history of the Chinese nation for more than 5,000 years is a history of continuously inheriting, developing and carrying forward the national spirit. For thousands of years, the great Chinese national spirit has been rooted in the soil of national history and passed down from generation to generation. However, in modern China, because it didn't know "change", it fell behind the pace of the world and suffered endless humiliation for hundreds of years. However, it was after China people experienced historical lessons, Wuchang Uprising, New Culture Movement, National Revolution, the establishment of the * * * Production Party, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and New China that they understood "change".
The film also tells the stories of three famous people, namely, the great dramatist Shakespeare, the scientific giant Newton and the economic pioneer Adam? Smith. 1600 London was the largest city in Europe at that time. On the south bank of the Thames, there is a theater, the Globe Theatre, which can be preserved only because Shakespeare was once a shareholder, actor and playwright of this theater. At that time, in Shakespeare's historical plays, the monarch was often the villain. Queen Elizabeth certainly knew this, but she didn't ban Shakespeare's plays. The second story is related to Newton, the giant of science. Newton died in 1727. Britain buried him in Westminster Abbey with a grand state funeral ceremony, which has always been the graveyard of princes and nobles, and Newton became the first scientist to sleep here. The third story is with Adam, the pioneer of economics? About Smith. 1776, Adam in his fifties? Smith wrote The Wealth of Nations, which changed the development of the world economy. If Newton created a scientific key for the industrial revolution, and Watt used this key to open the door of the industrial revolution, then, Adam? Smith waved an invisible hand and created a new economic order for the advancement of the industrial revolution. All these reflect Britain's respect for thinkers, artists and scientists, British respect for scientific ideas and British respect and tolerance for new ideas. New ideas can bring new strength to a nation, which is infinite and plays a vital role in the development of a nation, which is also the internal reason why Britain took the lead in establishing a capitalist system and carrying out the industrial revolution. At this point, I can't help thinking that most of our primary school textbooks praise people with good character, but few people contribute to social development, such as scientists. But now our textbooks often mention people who have made great contributions to society, such as Deng Jiaxian, Yuan Longping, the father of the two bombs, and Yang Liwei, a space hero. It reflects the country's respect for talents and science. I think this is a good change.
The ruler of Britain gave us an inspiration from the producers. As a ruler, we should not be disgusted with different voices, but should actively face different voices and handle them correctly. Why can Britain succeed? Because the relatively enlightened political environment in Britain provides a relaxed space for the birth of outstanding scientists, these unconventional scientists have not been suppressed. If Watt's experiment of studying universal steam engine is regarded as a challenge to God by fanatical religious circles; If Galileo's tragedy fell on Watt, was there an industrial revolution in Britain? Be humiliated on the stage of modern world history.
Two, three hundred years of China, how to treat the successful rise of the country in recent years? Is it a fish in the forest or a net? This is not only a question that our great China * * * production party should think about, but also a question that everyone who cares about the future of the country and the nation should seriously think about. China is reviving, and the revival of China is unstoppable. However, our revival, modern China did not grasp the opportunity, and thus suffered from backwardness and beatings. We have suffered in the past, but now we have stood up through hard work, and we are not behind. We will continue to follow the historical trend and keep pace with the times, and our China will surely continue its past glory.