In feudal society, good officials were called honest officials by the people. In the official historical records of laws and regulations, good officials are generally not called honest officials, but called "honest officials", "good officials" and "honest officials". China is the first country in the world to establish bureaucracy. Since Sima Qian's Historical Records, there has been a typological evaluation of bureaucrats. What is the standard of a good official? Different periods have different emphases. Sima Qian's standards are: teaching and educating people, being honest and honest, and obeying the law. In the Warring States, the Qin Dynasty and the early Han Dynasty, which advocated legalist politics, obeying the law was the most important criterion for a good official. In the period of "respecting Confucianism alone", it is the standard to become a good official by enlightenment. However, it is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of education. Since the year before the Three Kingdoms, according to Sima Yi's thought, honesty, prudence and diligence have become the official norms, and honest officials have gradually become synonymous with good officials. ?

In fact, the upright officials in feudal society are all representatives of the ruling class, and they all serve the maintenance of feudal rule. But compared with corrupt officials, they are beneficial to the people, have done some good things for the people, played a certain role in social history, and are more praised by the people; Their honesty and justice in law enforcement are still of great significance to today's rule of law and clean government construction. Therefore, we selected ten most representative upright officials in ancient China for a brief introduction.

Ximenbao wei ren in the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period. At that time, Yedi was an important gateway and strategic location of Weidu, but natural and man-made disasters continued, and the people were in dire straits. Wang Wei appointed Ximen Bao as the magistrate of Ye County to manage Ye Di. When Ximen Bao arrived in the wilderness, he made a private visit anonymously to inquire about the sufferings of the people. He used the "Hebo Marrying a Daughter-in-law" incident to punish the three elders, courtiers and witches wisely, educate the people with facts, and get rid of superstitions. At the same time, 12 canals of Zhanghe River were built to control the flood in Zhanghe River and develop agricultural production, so that the people of Yedi gradually became rich. Ximen Bao was an official all his life, honest and clean, and benefited the people. After his death, Yedi people specially built an ancestral temple for him by the Zhangshui River to worship the four seasons. ?

Zhao Guanghan, a little chef of Hippo, was born in Wuli County, Zhuo Jun in the Western Han Dynasty. He used to be the magistrate of Yingchuan county, such as Shou Jing and Jing Jing. Zhao Guanghan's reign as satrap in Yingchuan County was the best stage in his early days. He is not afraid of power, smart and capable. In his first few months in office, he did two major things: one was to crack down on the powerful family forces and ease social contradictions; The second is to strengthen local management and change local bad atmosphere. His reputation spread from this, and it is his nature to be good at handling government affairs in this Hanshu. When Zhao Guanghan served as Zhao Yin in Beijing, he showed a high sense of responsibility and often stayed up late to handle various official duties. And good at thinking, pay attention to efficiency. During its governance, the politics of Jingzhao area was clear and clear, which was praised by both officials and people. However, Jing's duty is to manage the capital, because under the emperor's feet, it is easy to offend royalty and dignitaries in daily handling of government affairs. Therefore, although Zhao Guanghan was a leader among city managers, he was finally beheaded. During his tenure in Beijing, Zhao Guanghan was honest and won the praise of the people. ?

Ba Huang Ba Huang (? -5 1 BC), male, born in Yangxia, Huaiyang, Western Han Dynasty (now Taikang, Henan Province). Historian Ban Gu commented: "Since the establishment of the Han Dynasty, the number of officials governing the people has been the first." When Ba Huang was still young, he made up his mind to be a good official. Because there was no imperial examination system in the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty issued imperial edicts to alleviate financial difficulties, and all those who contributed property to the country were given to officials. Ba Huang traded food for a history of death. After entering politics, abide by the law and honesty; Observing people's feelings, it is important to persuade farmers to mulberry. In particular, Ba Huang ruled the case, advocated benevolent governance and opposed torture; Insist on handling suspicious cases lightly; It advocates leniency from the outside, education first, and prevention before it happens. Therefore, Ba Huang is an official who is supported by the people, satisfied by the court and convinced by his subordinates. As a result, Ba Huang rose from a small history of paying 200 stones a year to the prime minister of the imperial court. One of the most outstanding achievements was serving as a satrap in Yingchuan County, a big county at that time. Previously, Yingchuan County was a place where powerful landlords unified one side and the people were displaced. After he took office, he took drastic measures, bite the hand that feeds him, resettle refugees, attach importance to farming and mulberry, and educate them. After several years of careful management, Yingchuan has a peaceful scene of peace and stability, clear management and production development. Therefore, the emperor wrote a letter praising Ba Huang as a good official. ?

Xu Yougong Xu Yougong (? -702), whose real name is Xu, was born in Chang 'an, Tang Dynasty, and was the most famous official in the Tang Dynasty who specialized in handling cases. In ancient times, most official positions were mixed with administration and justice, and only the imperial court had special judges, but their position in the bureaucratic system was extremely low, so it was difficult to make a difference. Although Xu Yougong served as a full-time trial judge for a long time, he went down in history because he dared to strictly abide by the law and hit his face, rehabilitated hundreds of unjust cases and saved more than 10,000 lives. Xu Yougong has served as a judicial officer in Zhou Pu, a criminal officer in the Ministry of Justice (Dali Temple), a foreign minister in Qiu Guan (Ministry of Justice) and a chief criminal doctor in Shao Qing. When Xu Yougong was an official, it was the Wu and Zhou Dynasties. At that time, there was an insurrection by marquis Wu and a trap set by cruel officials, so it was not easy to enforce the law correctly. Because Xu Yougong handled six or seven hundred major cases before and after, he saved tens of thousands of lives, inevitably offended cruel officials and treacherous court officials, and was frequently impeached and tried. However, in the end, he was charged with the death penalty three times, pardoned three times, dismissed twice and returned twice. In spite of this, he remained firm, did not flatter, and devoted himself to law enforcement. Because of this, Xu became a rare full-time "judge" in history and was praised as "a good official since ancient times" by people at that time.