Paper on Wood Inspection Technology 1 Wood Defects and Wood Inspection Technology
Abstract: in forest industry enterprises, wood inspection is a very basic work, and its main purpose is to master the defects of wood. In the process of inspection, effective inspection methods can be used to improve the strength of wood, so as to better ensure the rational utilization of forest resources and improve the economic benefits of forest industry enterprises. In wood inspection, we should master its defects and inspection methods in order to better promote its future development.
Keywords: wood defects; Wood inspection; Inspection technology
The main object of production and management of forestry enterprises is wood. In order to obtain better economic benefits, the quality of wood must be guaranteed. Therefore, it needs to be inspected in the production process, and wood inspection has gradually become a very important work link. Wood inspection can better ensure that forestry enterprises get better economic benefits and make better use of forest resources. In wood inspection, we should be able to accurately find the defects and then formulate remedial measures in order to better improve the skills of wood preservation.
1 Inspection Contents of Wood Defects and Wood Damage
1. 1 wood damage and wood defects
Defects in wood will greatly affect the commercial value and use value of wood products, and more quality problems will occur when wood is used. The damage of wood will greatly affect the strength of wood, and the processing quality and the appearance of products will be seriously affected during processing. When detecting wood damage, it is necessary to check whether it is affected by disasters, whether there are cracks and whether it is corroded, so as to better ensure the beauty of wood products and ensure that their use value will not be affected.
1.2 Representation of wood damage and wood defect
Usually, for square timber and log structures, the main manifestations of wood defects are cracks, bending, twisting and warping, while for glued wood structures, degumming and bending usually occur; So these aspects should be included in the wood inspection, so as to better ensure the timely detection of defects.
1.3 classification of wood defects
The defects of wood mainly appear on the surface of wood, which will lead to the decline of wood quality and have a great impact on the economic value of wood. Wood defects are mainly divided into the following categories, namely, wood decay defects, mainly due to the erosion of wood by decaying bacteria, which makes wood easy to decay. There is also the structural problem of wood itself. Wood is a kind of organic wood, which is often eaten by insects in the growth process, and also leads to external damage and various cracks of wood. These are all defects of wood, which have a great impact on its commercial value and use value.
2 Common wood defects and their effects on wood
2. 1 Wood materials are affected by knots.
The most common problem of wood defects is knot scar, which destroys the integrity and structural uniformity of wood and will also greatly affect the appearance of wood during use. There are also different kinds of knots, one is a dead knot and the other is a slipknot. During the growth process, joints can be closely connected with the surrounding wood, so they are usually hard. Dead knots are formed by dead trees, so they have been separated from the surrounding wood, which is very easy to fall off in the board and easily lead to hollow wood. The appearance of knot scar will not only affect the appearance of wood surface, but also have a great impact on the hardness and strength of wood, which will lead to a very serious impact on the use efficiency of wood. The size, size and distribution position of knots have great influence on the use of wood, and also on the tensile strength and bending strength of wood along the grain.
2.2 Worm-eaten wood and wood decay
The decay of trees is closely related to the corrosion of wood by decaying bacteria. Wood corrosion can usually be divided into two categories, one is brown rot and the other is white rot. Different bacteria corrode wood and have different color differences. White rot will lead to a lot of white spots and light spots, and fibrous structure will also appear. When brown bacteria invade wood, they produce a brown or reddish-brown appearance. The growing environment of different wood is very different, so it is also easily affected by insects. In this case, insects will also have a certain impact on the wood surface.
2.3 Wood damage and wood cracks
Wood cracks mainly include dry cracks, east cracks, wheel cracks and radial cracks, which are generally closely related to the growth environment of wood. The appearance of this kind of crack has a great influence on the integrity of wood, which will lead to the decline of wood strength and affect wood output. Twill of wood is usually formed naturally, but it also happens during processing. The appearance of twill has a great influence on the tensile strength and bending strength of wood. When wood is subjected to external force in the growth process, it will also produce quality problems.
3 How to strengthen the wood inspection work
3. 1 Wood inspection scope
Wood inspection technology combines the practice, theory and standard of wood inspection, mainly studies wood quality and wood defects, and also studies the calculation and inspection of wood size and dimension. In addition to learning the inspection theory and operation, inspectors must also undertake the research, application and improvement, as well as improvement and development of wood inspection methods and inspection tools.
3.2 the importance of strengthening wood inspection
In the process of wood production, management and sales, wood inspection is the most critical link, which runs through the whole production and circulation process. Wood inspection is the basic work related to sales and directly related to the economic benefits of enterprises.
3.3 Strengthen the design of raw material measurement.
In wood inspection, the design of raw material size is an important optimization design process before wood manufacturing, which determines the final value of log products. For the same log, the product value varies greatly due to different timber making schemes. When designing the original length, it is beneficial to make full use of the limited forest resources, improve the timber output rate and improve the economic benefits of enterprises by reasonably selecting the designed internal timber and export timber.
3.4 Strengthen the timber inspection in the timber yard
Generally speaking, the trees to be cut in forest land need to go through the steps of cutting, skidding, returning to the car, transportation, etc., and finally reach the wood storage yard, and then go through the steps of unloading, selecting materials, making materials, returning to the car, etc., and become commercial materials, and then enter the sales link. In order to ensure the quality of timber products in this process, the inspection and energy of timber yard should give full play to the maximum benefit of limited timber resources according to the provisions of national timber standards, strengthen cooperation with timber yard administrators, strictly control the inspection of material selection, cooling, warehousing and appearance, strengthen supervision and guarantee, inspect real logs one by one, evaluate and estimate, and record the timber warehousing, which is classified into cold head, timber length and volume. Ensure the commercialization and intensive management of wood.
3.5 Improve wood inspection in forest processing plants.
Adopting advanced and scientific inspection technology is conducive to promoting the product innovation of forest processing and production enterprises, enhancing the market competitiveness of forest products, prolonging the industrial chain of forest enterprises and promoting industrial management. Wood processing enterprises must constantly develop high-quality and competitive products. Therefore, wood processing needs to reduce wood defects as much as possible, reduce wood loss rate and prevent waste of wood resources. Wood inspectors are required to strictly control the inspection process, improve brand awareness and strengthen the evaluation of wood products, thus improving the economic and social benefits of enterprises.
4 conclusion
The purpose of wood inspection is to better ensure the rational development and utilization of resources in the development of forest industry enterprises, and also to better protect the ecological environment from being affected. Wood inspection is the key to ensure better sales and circulation of wood products. Therefore, in forest industry enterprises, we must do a good job in the management of production, processing and sales, and attach importance to wood inspection, so as to better ensure that enterprises can obtain more benefits. In wood inspection, we can improve the legal awareness of inspectors, but also improve their moral awareness and inspection technology, so as to better ensure their creativity and subjective initiative in inspection and make greater contributions to the development of forest industry enterprises.
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[3] Liu, Hao Zhengdong. Analysis of nondestructive testing technology in wood inspection [J]. China Science and Technology Fortune, 201(22): 242.
Feng Jiabin, Chen Haiqiu. Inspection of wood defects caused by fungi [J]. Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information, 2012 (16): 215.
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