Mao Zedong's Political Thought in Yan 'an Period

Yan 'an (13) is the most effective period for China * * * Production Party to combine Marxism-Leninism with China's concrete practice and solve the revolutionary problems in China. During the Yan 'an period, Mao Zedong made great contributions to the China Revolution. Its most far-reaching influence is the political line, political decision-making and strategic thinking that determines the overall situation and historical destiny.

Yan' an period; Political line; strategic thinking

First, the highest embodiment of political thought and its decision-making, the primary starting point and the fundamental guarantee-the great opening up

As a concentrated expression of economy, politics serves the liberation and development of productive forces. It plays an important role in all social changes. It indicates the trend of historical development. In the revolutionary period for political power, the central task of the proletariat is to overthrow the rule of the exploiting class and establish the dictatorship of the proletariat. The line, policies and strategies formulated by the proletarian party to achieve this goal became the main content of Mao Zedong's political thought in this period. From joining forces in northern Shaanxi to the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, it is the strategic preparation period for the Party to consciously and actively meet the Anti-Japanese War. During this period, the core of Mao Zedong's political decision-making thought was to concentrate on solving the primary problem of total resistance. Yan 'an period is a period when the Party's correct political thought and decision-making reached a high maturity. Its main symbol is that the establishment of the anti-Japanese national United front promoted the second cooperation between the two parties and finally won the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression; The formation and practice of the general line of the new democratic revolution laid a solid foundation for the birth of the new China.

During Yan 'an period, the basic starting point of Mao Zedong's political decision-making thought was to liberate and develop productive forces, and for the first time, he formulated the policies and practices of all political parties in China. Based on this, Mao Zedong further developed the theory of political power from inside the barrel of a gun, established the ideological system of people's war to guide the two wars, and became a powerful weapon to defeat powerful enemies. The development of Mao Zedong's political thought has gone through several historical stages. In these historical stages, the decisions that have a great influence on the development of China's revolution are: the establishment of the anti-Japanese national United front based on the analysis of the new stage; On the victory of the highest forms of class struggle: the national liberation war and the democratic revolutionary war. On the Fundamental Problem of Revolution —— Theoretical and Practical Solution to the Problem of Political Power: the Fundamental Political Guarantee to Seize Political Power —— The Outstanding Achievement of Building a Powerful Marxist Political Party.

This constitutes the main connotation of Mao Zedong's political thought in Yan 'an period, and has left precious wealth for the party and the people, which is worth inheriting and cherishing forever. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the leading comrades of the CPC Central Committee with Mao Zedong at the core published a large number of military works to guide War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. On this basis, it was developed during the War of Liberation. Concentrate superior forces and destroy the enemy? Ten military reasons are the enrichment and development of Marxist military theory. These basic points are as follows: first, the theoretical basis of the strategic thought of people's war is the basic principle of materialism in history that people create history. Second, a new type of people's army must be established as the strong core of the people's war. Third, gradually form an overall strategy and tactics that can give full play to the advantages of our army.

During the Yan 'an period, Mao Zedong always paid attention to solving the fundamental problem of the revolution, that is, the political power, in the process of leading the national democratic revolutionary war, which became the primary starting point of his political decision-making. First, strive for anti-Japanese democracy and establish a new democratic Republic. Second, link the political power with the revolutionary problem with the general task of the revolution. Thirdly, the theory and policy of long-term cooperation with non-party Democrats are put forward, which is a significant development of Marxist theory of state. Mao Zedong's outstanding theoretical contribution 13 in northern Shaanxi period ended with the thought that the China * * * production party must adhere to the leadership of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the whole China revolution. Expounds the theory that the Communist Party of China (CPC) must exercise political leadership over War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression; The theory of the Party's leadership over the new-democratic revolution; Cultivate the style of proletarian party.

Second, formulate the correct political line for War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

1937 when War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, China's new-democratic revolution changed from a civil war to a war against Japan. In these two years, China Producers' Party adapted to the new situation, decided and implemented a new and complete political line of the anti-Japanese national united front, with the goal of uniting against Japan and establishing a new democratic republic. The establishment of this political line marks that the Producer Party of China has found the key to open a new revolutionary situation at an emergency, and that the Producer Party of China has embarked on the road of new democracy after years of struggle and exploration. At this time, Mao Zedong, who just served as the leader of the Party, explored and planned the Party's political strategy in the new period with brand-new ideas and great boldness of vision, and made a lot of ideological and theoretical preparations, which laid the foundation for the establishment of the Party's new political line, such as understanding of national conditions, class analysis, thinking methods and strategic theories. The basic feature of the political situation is that Japanese imperialism wants to turn China into its independent colony. Under the new situation, class analysis and political semi-struggle carried out by a political party are the highest forms of class struggle, and this political party cannot but take class analysis as the most basic basis for its political decision-making. Mao Zedong made a thorough analysis of the class nature of the national bourgeoisie in theory by using the method of comparative analysis.

First, we should distinguish between the national bourgeoisie and the comprador bourgeoisie. Second, we should distinguish different parts within the national bourgeoisie. Third, should it be released? September 18? Distinguish the political attitude of the national bourgeoisie before and after the incident and adhere to the all-round war of resistance. On the eve of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the Party held its historic seventh congress. In the opening speech and political report of the Seventh Congress, Mao Zedong expounded the ideological preparations that our Party should make to meet the final victory of the national revolutionary war. What did the Party's Seventh Congress make? Mobilize the masses, strengthen the people's strength, defeat the Japanese capital invading China under the leadership of our party, liberate the people of the whole country and establish a democratic China? General line, elected the Central Committee headed by Mao Zedong, and adopted the new party constitution. The Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China established Mao Zedong Thought as the guiding ideology of the whole party, which is a sign of the political maturity of China's * * * production party. Mao Zedong's theoretical contribution includes the following aspects: the analysis of the modern world and China's national conditions; Theory and policy on new democracy, theory and policy on emancipating peasants; Theory and policy of revolutionary United front; Theory and policy of revolutionary war; On the theory and policy of revolutionary base areas: party building theory and policy; Cultural theory and policy.

Third, the program of action for final victory.

1From July to September, 1947, the China People's Liberation Army turned to a nationwide offensive, and the war of liberation embarked on the road of final victory. At this time, Mao Zedong made an important report on "The Current Situation and Our Tasks" at the meeting, and formulated a complete action plan to seize the national political power. Since then, before the CPC Central Committee turned to Xibaipo, he put forward some important policy preparation ideas.

(1) Scientific situation analysis and correct revolutionary decision-making. According to Chiang Kai-shek's performance in 1927, the ten-year civil war and the eight-year anti-Japanese war, Mao Zedong hit the nail on the head: Chiang Kai-shek III has decided to launch a nationwide civil war. Only by uniting and strengthening the people's strength can we stop the war or win it. The people of the whole country are against civil war, and so is the Producers' Party.

(2) Strong revolutionary courage and flexible struggle strategy. Mao Zedong said in an important speech at the meeting that the current situation is that the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression stage has ended and entered the stage of peace building. Europe and the East all over the world have entered a stage of peace, and a third world war will certainly not happen in a short time. Can domestic peace be achieved? Can civil war be avoided? Our new slogan now is: peace, democracy and unity. Peace can be achieved, because the Soviet Union, the United States and Britain need international peace and disapprove of China's civil war; The people of China need peace. The liberated areas in front were severely damaged by the war. We need peace. The Kuomintang can't make up its mind to fight civil war. Because of unfinished stall, internal contradictions and the existence of liberated areas, civil war is possible and should be avoided. Therefore, the three slogans of peace, democracy and unity are based on reality.

In the face of the millions of Kuomintang regular troops and aircraft artillery fully supported by the United States, Mao Zedong dares to despise them strategically, calling it? Paper tiger? This is because he is convinced that the China Productive Party can get the support of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, especially the poor peasants who account for the overwhelming majority of the population. * * * How can the production party not get the support of farmers? This is to lead the peasants in the anti-feudal struggle and make them gain benefits in the struggle. When it comes to the final battle with Chiang Kai-shek, the Kuomintang who represents the last rule of the three mountains in China, it is necessary to completely remove the land ownership and realize? Farming? This is not only necessary but also possible. As Mao Zedong pointed out in "The People Surround the Chiang Kai-shek Government":? Chiang Kai-shek's government, the enemy of the whole people, now finds itself surrounded by the whole people? . The events in China developed faster than people expected. On the one hand, it is the victory of the People's Liberation Army, on the other hand, it is the progress of the people's struggle in Chiang Kai-shek area, which is very fast. With the people's revolutionary struggle in full swing, a brand-new China will be born.

refer to

[1] Gao Zhiyu. Mao Zedong's Political Thought in Yan 'an Period [M]. Shaanxi People's Education Publishing House, 1993.

[2] Zheng Derong. Yan 'an Period and Mao Zedong Thought [M]. Northeast Normal University Press, 1993.

[3] Selected Works of Mao Zedong (1-4)[M]. People's Publishing House, 199 1.

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