The opening report includes: the first part is literature review, the second part is the basis of topic selection, main research contents, research ideas and programs, and finally the work progress and specific arrangements.
Writing the opening report starts with the topic, and discusses and studies around this topic. So let you read your opening report to understand why you wrote this paper and how you can prove the point you want to prove through experiments or practice.
The specific format requirements may be slightly different from school to school. The format template provided by the school shall prevail. If not specified in detail, refer to the standard paper format.
The opening report, like the paper, attaches importance to the format requirements. Generally, you are required to send you a format template file when you write the opening report. So no matter where you copy and paste, you should pay attention to the target format. (pictured)
My prudent advice to you is that if you copy some words from other papers or articles into your current opening report, don't copy them into the manuscript yet. You can copy it to the notepad first, and then edit it and copy it to the manuscript. This will prevent you from sometimes forgetting the uniform format and causing the local format to be incorrect. (By default, the copied text on Notepad matches the target format, and the typesetting workload is slightly less. )
Content requirements:
The content requirement is to make uniform provisions on what should be elaborated in each part of the opening report. The reason for this rule is to make it easier for people to understand your thoughts at a glance. Different opening reports have different requirements. Here, the requirements of the opening report of engineering papers are taken as an example to demonstrate.
Basic requirements:
(1) Describe the background, purpose and practical significance of the topic.
(2) Describe the research status at home and abroad and the existing research results in related fields, what research progress, modern technological processes and methods, existing problems, technical prospects, etc.
(3) Describe the main viewpoints, research methods (technical route), innovations and trend prediction of the subject.
(4) Finally, list the domestic and foreign references consulted by the author (more than 6 articles, including foreign language 1 article, the format of which is the same as that of the references in the text). The listed documents must be read by the author, and it is not allowed to include those cited in the unread listed documents.
(5) The number of words should be around 2,000.
Here are five requirements, from which we will have a basic prototype of open reporting. The article has the requirement of 1-3, which can be described in three paragraphs. The latter two requirements are references and word count requirements, which are not difficult. How to start writing literature review?
The first step is to analyze the topic of the paper: I take a topic as an example: "The influence of Al addition on the corrosion performance of WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide". Assuming this is the topic of this paper, the key here is Al, WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide and its corrosion properties.
Then, according to the key words of disassembly, we can get some background about the first point: we can refer to the study of adding Al to WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide, and we can also refer to the study of corrosion performance of WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide. Then according to this background, the advantages of adding al to WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide compared with other methods are introduced, thus the purpose and practical significance of adding Al are clarified.
The second paragraph is about the research results in this field. At this time, we can study the effect of adding Al on the corrosion properties of WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide. More relevant to this article. Then extract some research results from the text or news reports to make a brief introduction.
Finally, explain what kind of experimental methods you want to use to verify the topics raised in your paper. Here you can refer to some experimental methods and means used in the above-mentioned research status at home and abroad. Then get a general idea of the equipment that can be arranged according to the actual situation of the school.
Search information:
After the organization was clear, we began to search for information. The first suggestion is to find relevant papers, because relevant papers can provide you with the most information. What we want to use here is Google Academic Search.
I have already said how to use keywords. Extract some stems from the title and then search for keywords. For example, if we want to write the first research background, we can search for "WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide Al" and "Corrosion performance of WC-Co ultrafine cemented carbide". If you can't find the right one, you can expand the coverage of keywords.
What kind of search results are useful after searching? As shown in the figure, the search results of displaying PDF documents are effective. Why? Because some results are excerpts from some websites that provide papers, and this paper can be downloaded for a fee, if you don't want to spend money, this result is useless to you. PDF format can be downloaded directly.
Try to find as many useful results as possible when there are few results, and try to find the results updated when there are many results.
Keep all the useful documents in a folder, because it will be used for writing papers after writing the opening report. General papers are related to your major, so you can also find some useful information from textbooks. In short, as long as you can read more, it will be better. (It's not necessary if you don't understand)
Finally, I began to organize the writing of literature review.
refer to
Literature review is followed by references. First, the paper you refer to can be used as a reference. Second, the paper itself will quote relevant articles and will be marked with superscript 1. You can find the corresponding article at the end of the paper, and then use the quoted article. But even if you want to quote the content of the article, you'd better organize it in your own language and don't copy it. This is a question of ability and attitude.
The second part is the focus of the opening report: from the requirements, it can be seen that it is divided into three parts: the basis of topic selection, main research contents, research ideas and schemes, of which the first two parts are very simple (when writing the opening report, there will be a task book sent to the topic from top to bottom, which contains contents and tasks, from which we can extract 12 part). The third part is the detailed research plan that needs to be made by ourselves.
Theme basis
The basis of choosing a topic can be from the content of the research, what valuable influence it will bring to real life or production. It is mentioned in the resources that 1 is the research status at home and abroad, and 2 is the content in the task book and the content in the task. This part can be clearly expressed.
Main research contents
The main research contents are basically tasks in the task book. Take the task book of engineering undergraduate graduation thesis as an example. Because it is experimental, it will tell you which experiments to carry out. Then you can explain this part clearly in the opening report.
Research ideas and schemes
Research ideas and schemes are the key points, so how to write them?
First of all, data preparation:
First, if you have the same experimental reference on this topic, you can learn from it. In other words, relevant academic papers can provide reference for your experimental arrangement. However, due to the different experimental conditions, the raw materials of the equipment you use will naturally be different, and the results may be different. In short, it can't be copied.
Second, it's a little troublesome. According to the experiments mentioned in the task book, collect some experimental information and apply it to your project.
Form of articles
What research ideas and schemes are there? The first step is to prepare for the experiment. Explain the raw materials and experimental equipment as clearly as possible, and some experimental equipment can be roughly involved.
The second part is the experimental process, which is described according to the actual situation.
The third part is the analysis and evaluation of the experimental results. This part is mainly about how to draw a conclusion according to the experimental results and make a general evaluation of your experimental design.
If it is other social papers, you can also refer to it this way: the first step is to investigate ideas.
The second step is to carry out social practice and investigation. What are the people and specific topics to be investigated?
The third step is how to summarize the data and how to do the analysis.
Finally, the work arrangements and specific arrangements.
Finally, the schedule is all in the task book. Needless to say.
This paper mainly expounds how to construct the content without designing specific examples. However, this paper can be understood as being completed in a coherent way. Clear thinking makes the article easier to be understood by others.