First, pay attention to textbooks

What is the current trend of the senior high school entrance examination proposition? Especially the senior high school entrance examination in Wuhan? Mainly based on basic problems, there are two high-demand problems. According to the previous practice, the basic question 122 from the textbook is original or slightly modified, and the requirements of the latter two questions are "higher than the textbook", but the prototype is an example or exercise in the textbook, which is an extension, deformation or combination of the topics in the textbook. It is suggested that the first stage of review should focus on textbooks. Concentrate on the exercises and examples of algebra in grade three and geometry in grade two, and simplify fractions and roots in algebra, and be good at inductive analysis. Nowadays, many junior high school students blindly engage in sea tactics and bury themselves in a lot of extracurricular exercises all day. The effect is not obvious, and it is suspected of putting the cart before the horse.

Second, pay attention to the understanding of basic knowledge

Basic knowledge is the concepts, formulas, axioms and theorems involved in junior high school mathematics curriculum. Students are required to reveal the internal relations of knowledge points, solve problems from the perspective of the whole knowledge structure, and comprehensively use various knowledge to solve a problem. For example, the relationship between quadratic equation and quadratic function in junior high school algebra. The relationship between the root of quadratic equation of one variable and the intersection of quadratic function graph and X axis is one of the compulsory tests in the content of senior high school entrance examination. When reviewing, we should understand this part of the content as a whole, grasp the teaching material from the structure, and skillfully transform these two parts of knowledge into each other. For example, the relationship between quadratic equation of one variable and geometric knowledge has obvious characteristics, so we should master its basic solution. Every year, there will be one or two difficult comprehensive math problems in the senior high school entrance examination. The knowledge used to solve such problems is the basic knowledge that students learn, and does not depend on those special and non-universal answering skills. But it's mainly about knowledge.

Third, pay attention to the basic methods in junior high school mathematics.

In addition to the basic knowledge, the mathematics proposition of senior high school entrance examination also attaches great importance to the examination of mathematical methods, such as collocation method, method of substitution method, discriminant method and other operational mathematical methods. Students should deal with the essence of each method in review, and the types of questions it adapts to, including the steps of solving problems, should be mastered skillfully. Secondly, we should pay attention to the understanding and application of mathematical ideas, such as function ideas. In junior high school examination questions, independent variables and dependent variables are clearly stated, and it is necessary to solve the intersection point by distinguishing function or implicit distinguishing function. Students should deepen their understanding of this idea and do more related topics. Such as equation thought. It is the connection and restriction between the known quantity and the unknown quantity, and the idea of transforming the unknown quantity into the known quantity. We should firmly establish the idea of establishing equations, such as requiring two quantities to establish equations (or equations) about these two quantities according to known conditions; Another example is the idea of combining numbers with shapes. In recent years, the "finale question" of the senior high school entrance examination in Wuhan is related to this. For example, putting schematic triangles in rectangular coordinate system and using their graphic relations, algebraic knowledge and geometric knowledge can be skillfully transformed. Many students often only pay attention to algebraic knowledge or geometric knowledge when solving this kind of problems, and will not transform them into each other, such as the relationship between the coordinates of points in the coordinate system and the length of line segments in geometric figures; The relationship between the perpendicularity of X axis and Y axis in coordinate system and the right angle, perpendicularity, symmetry and tangent in geometric figure; The relationship between the intersection of resolution function and graphics, etc.

English

First, the first round of systematic review should be based on the principle of "relying on the outline" and "reviewing the old and learning the new", requiring students to review the basic knowledge step by step. At this stage, they should closely follow the outline of the senior high school entrance examination, summarize the language points in the order of the teaching materials, thoroughly explain the usage of the language points, sort out the knowledge points of each unit, pay attention to the transmission of vocabulary, phrases and sentence patterns, and form their abilities through supporting exercises and review tests. The review method is mainly from the point and surface system review. Take a word or language point as the center and radiate around to find out the relevant words and usages. For example, to learn a noun, we should know whether it is countable or uncountable; If it is a countable noun, how to change its plural form; Is an uncountable noun and how to use it; Does it have verb form or adjective form? Another example is verbs. How do its third person singular form and present participle form change? How should I use it? Is there a fixed usage? Using this method, we can draw inferences from one instance, get twice the result with half the effort and get good results. When students gain something in review, they will realize the importance and necessity of review class, and naturally keep their initiative and enthusiasm for further study.

Second, the second round of review is a block review, which is divided into pronunciation, vocabulary (word formation, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, articles and verbs) and grammar (object clauses and adverbial clauses) according to the instructions of the senior high school entrance examination. In this stage of review, we should strive to maintain the foundation, grasp the intermediate level, strive for high marks, stabilize students, actively encourage the transformation of poor students, focus on cultivating intermediate students, and do a good job in counseling students at different levels. Any complete senior high school entrance examination questions are composed of a certain proportion of basic questions, intermediate questions and difficult questions. One of the reasons for the unsatisfactory results of the senior high school entrance examination is often that the basic questions lose more points, so don't underestimate the basic questions. Especially for middle-level students, I ask them to learn basic knowledge solidly and give up some helpless problems; The requirements for those upper-middle class students are different. On the premise of maintaining the foundation, give them some representative and difficult exercises, and strive to get high marks in the senior high school entrance examination by grasping the middle grade. Eliminating mistakes and reducing the error rate is a good way to review grammar. When reviewing, we should focus on grammar items that students usually don't understand deeply, don't practice enough and use improperly. We can ask students to prepare a book to sort out their mistakes, copy the questions they often make in practice in the book, and ponder over them again and again until they understand them.

Third, the third round of review focuses on pre-test guidance and adaptive training, with special emphasis on the cultivation of comprehensive ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing, mainly to meet the requirements of the senior high school entrance examination, focusing on cultivating students' ability to sort questions, and at the same time conducting comprehensive exercises and simulation tests. Judging from the types of the senior high school entrance examination, the ability of listening, reading and writing has been strengthened in recent years.

This year, the score of listening has increased to 30, so it is necessary to carry out appropriate listening intensive training in the review process, so as to listen to tapes repeatedly and pay attention to skills in the examination room. The first step is to listen to teaching listening tapes, such as textbooks and oral teaching materials, or choose interesting materials that are suitable for your own level or slightly higher than your own level. Whether it is intensive listening or extensive listening, it is best not to read written materials at first. Every day when you listen to the tape, you should imitate it with the tape, sentence by sentence, until it is exactly the same as the tape. The whole tape has been played for more than ten rounds. If you don't understand it, you can refer to the original text. Every repetition has an amazing new harvest! ) Listen and translate until any sentence comes out and can be translated into Chinese immediately. Compare the original text, test questions, answers and analysis together, find out the idea of doing the problem, and conquer every language point you don't understand. Never learn the next tape without fully mastering it. The secret of hearing experts in the world is this-24 hours a day, in addition to pure working hours and study hours, you can hang headphones on your ears and listen to them whenever you want, and it is a tape that you listen to repeatedly! There are 1 skills in the exam, fast reading and purposeful "listening". Once smart candidates get the test paper, they should use all possible time to read the questions quickly in the listening test, predict the information they may hear or the content of the assessment, make some marks appropriately, listen with questions and look for answers with predictions, that is, "listen" purposefully. This is the key to get a high score or even a perfect score in the listening test of the senior high school entrance examination, so that candidates can become passive and take the initiative and fight a prepared battle. The good performance of listening questions also helps candidates to be more calm and calm, and ask questions later with full emotions. 2. Calm down and concentrate. Candidates should be good at controlling their emotions, especially to eliminate their fear of listening tests, relax and listen quietly. Don't be impatient and flustered because you don't hear a word or sentence clearly, which will affect the listening of the following content and the answer. Of course, the improvement of listening will not happen overnight. Pay attention to training and give timely feedback that "the iron pestle cannot be ground into a needle in a day". Therefore, you need to be careful when training. If you make a mistake, you must find out what is the root of the mistake, whether it is listening, understanding or vocabulary. You must be aware of this. Only by timely feedback can we continuously improve our listening comprehension.

Reading comprehension-reading a lot, mastering methods and improving understanding level: in the final review time, reading a lot and reading in a limited time are mainly adopted to improve students' reading comprehension ability. Read two or three short articles on different topics every day. It is best to read in a limited time. In reading, we should pay attention to the central idea of the article and the key words that appear in the article: who, where, when, what and why. Pay special attention to the first paragraph and the first sentence of each paragraph. "Practice makes perfect." Different reading methods and reading speeds should be adopted for different reading materials. Focus on cultivating the ability to analyze, reason and judge reading materials and the ability to evaluate reading content. It is hoped that students will gradually improve their reading comprehension through a lot of reading and repeated practice. In addition, intensive training should be carried out in reading methods. Guide students to read according to different genres and themes of the article. For example, a narrative must have three elements: plot, character and background, and the development of plot is mainly based on time. When reading a narrative, we must seize the clue of time, take the characters as the center, and make clear the occurrence, development and ending of the story. For another example, most paragraphs in argumentative and expository texts have topic sentences, and finding topic sentences quickly plays a positive role in grasping the whole paragraph. Another example is practical writing. Students should learn the commonly used applied stylistic formats. As soon as they read them, they will know that they are letters, notices, advertisements, reports or instructions. Through reading training of various styles, students can master some reading methods and skills to improve reading speed, and also learn to grasp the center according to different genres and themes of articles.

Written expression-write more and practice more, finish within a time limit, and read more model essays. Writing is one of the four basic skills in English learning. Besides reading a lot, you need to do a lot of writing exercises. Students had better find an essay topic with a model essay, write it by themselves first, try to use appropriate and vivid words, and then compare it with the model essay to find out their own shortcomings and improve them. When writing, we should first order the contents, which should be written first, which should be written later, how to write, and so on. We should have a reasonable and comprehensive arrangement. Secondly, you should use the sentence structure and gifts that you are most familiar with, strive for fluency in arts and sciences, accurate language, proper use of tense and voice, and don't use words that you are not sure about. When you encounter a word that you can't remember at the moment, you can avoid it, find synonyms and synonyms to replace it, or in other words, put it another way. Never walk into a dead end. Finally, we should pay attention to neat handwriting, avoid unnecessary losses, be good at induction and form a systematic knowledge structure.

chemistry

When reviewing, we should take the textbook as the center and the syllabus and examination syllabus as the guide, and pay attention to the following points: ① Learn to sort out and summarize, systematize and network some scattered knowledge related to textbooks, refine knowledge points and highlight the main context. For example, systematically sort out the classification knowledge of substances, master the basis of substance classification, compare the similarities and differences of composition and properties of various substances, and summarize the understanding of laws. ② Pay attention to understanding and achieve mastery through a comprehensive study. When reviewing, we should pay attention to understanding some important concepts and theorems in textbooks. Only by understanding, can we achieve mastery through a comprehensive study, apply knowledge, solve some chemical problems, clarify the internal relationship between questions and problems in the exam, and make reasonable reasoning. (3) Read through the textbook, consolidate the memory, remember the knowledge points of chemistry and a lot of contents. Some knowledge needs to be memorized repeatedly to last.

According to the current syllabus and some changes in curriculum standards in recent years, we should strengthen the "double basics", main knowledge and core content: ① clarify the carrier role of "double basics"; ② The difficulty is moderate; ③ Pay more attention to the horizontal connection and application of knowledge; Pay attention to the coverage of knowledge in the first round of review teaching to prevent students from having obvious knowledge gaps. Generally speaking, according to junior high school chemistry knowledge system, it is divided into four knowledge plates.

When reviewing basic concepts and principles, we should pay attention to chewing important concepts and principles repeatedly, savoring them carefully, and revealing their connotation and extension and the relationship between concepts. Especially some confusing concepts, such as molecules and atoms, simple substances and pure substances, compounds and mixtures, acidic oxides and basic oxides, acidity and alkalinity, etc. These concepts are often the points that students lose in exams. Therefore, in the review, we should carefully analyze these concepts, find out their similarities and differences, and combine targeted training questions to strengthen the flexible use of concepts and principles in specific situations.

The knowledge of elemental compounds is the most important thing in review. It is also an important part that can fully reflect the new spirit of the outline. Therefore, in the review, in addition to the knowledge network formed according to the relationship between substances, we should also observe various related chemical problems in life, production and society from the perspective of chemistry. Especially the strategic issues related to sustainable development, such as environmental protection, resource utilization, new materials and new energy development, and the hot issues in life, such as the development and utilization of combustible ice, acid rain, ozone layer destruction, land desertification, water pollution and white pollution. Classification, recovery and reuse of domestic waste and development of degradable plastics. In addition, through the combustion situation, the causes of fire accidents are analyzed, so as to find out the methods to eliminate fire hazards. By learning the principle of fire fighting, we can learn some simple fire fighting methods and some common common knowledge of safety and self-help.

Chemical experiment is an important way to cultivate students' innovative consciousness and practical ability. In the review, we should make clear the requirements of experimental assessment and master the experiments specified in the outline: ① Understand the purpose, principle, steps and precautions of the experiment; (2) Master the skills of instrument use and experimental operation; ③ Learn to identify common gases, common acids, alkalis and salts by experimental methods; ④ Observe and analyze the experimental phenomena; (5) will explain the conclusion and draw a conclusion; ⑥ Able to design simple experimental scheme, etc. Focus on reviewing experimental exploration, such as the exploration of factors affecting salt dissolution rate; Explore eggshells, toothpaste, rocks and other related ingredients; Identify the authenticity of gold ornaments, etc. At the same time, we should also attach importance to small family experiments, and choose reading as an experiment.

Review of chemical calculation, as we all know, the overall calculation of chemical calculation in senior high school entrance examination has declined, but I think the requirement for calculation ability has not declined. First of all, we should network all kinds of knowledge contained in the calculation questions; Secondly, improve the accuracy and standardization of solving problems through typical examples; (Clear thinking, standardized steps and accurate answers are the general requirements for solving problems) Let students summarize the law of solving problems again; Third, we should pay attention to the calculation of all kinds of product labeling related content closely related to production and life.

When reviewing, students should summarize the corresponding knowledge points in each part of the textbook according to their internal relations, string scattered knowledge points into lines, blocks and nets, and incorporate them into their own knowledge structure, thus forming a systematic and complete knowledge system. Only by systematically and completely establishing the knowledge system can we improve our analytical and applied ability and transfer knowledge effectively. For example, in the element compound part, we mainly studied 16 substances, including 4 simple substances (O2, H2, C, Fe), 4 oxides (CO2, CO, H2O, CaO), 3 acids (HCl, CuSO4, HNO3), 2 bases (Ca(OH)2, NaOH) and NaOH.

Two, close contact with practice, cultivate the ability of knowledge transfer

In recent years, the chemistry test questions in the senior high school entrance examination all have the proposition of connecting with practice, society and life, and the score ratio is on the rise. This not only carries out the spirit of the new curriculum standard, but also embodies the theme of the times that chemistry comes from and serves society and life. Therefore, when reviewing, students should pay attention to close contact with reality, choose novel and extensive topics with social concerns such as environmental protection, ecological balance, life and health, chemical production, high technology, resources and energy as the background materials, and check their understanding and application of the chemical knowledge they have learned. Secondly, combined with the actual situation in this region, we should cultivate a scientific attitude and a sense of social responsibility to care for nature, ourselves and the living environment around us, so as to examine the ability to observe and solve problems in life. At the same time, we should pay more attention to domestic and local hot events in peacetime, study whether it is closely combined with chemistry, and be good at capturing chemical knowledge information.

"Attach importance to foundation and connect with practice", especially put forward "analyze and solve problems in specific situations" and "strengthen the connection between chemistry and social reality and students' life reality". In the review process, we should pay attention to guiding students to observe and explore some common substances around them, so that students can initially understand the relationship between the uses and properties of substances, and initially form a scientific view of substances and a sense of rational use of substances. For example: fires caused by different materials and self-help; The rise of urban "environmentally friendly cars"; "West-East Gas Transmission" and "South-to-North Water Transfer" projects; Eutrophication pollution of water body, phosphorus-containing washing powder is prohibited; The content of related ingredients on drug and food labels, etc.

Third, attach importance to experiments and improve the ability of scientific inquiry.

Chemistry is a natural science based on experiments, which can be said to be the soul of chemistry. Looking at the examination questions in recent years. It is not difficult to find that the test questions increase the intensity of experimental examination, and the experimental questions try to innovate, paying more attention to the design and evaluation of experimental schemes. No matter how you change the experimental questions, you need the support of basic theory and ability. When reviewing, we should make full use of textbooks and build a section of basic experimental knowledge. To achieve this goal, we can review it from two aspects: first, we should disperse the review. In each chapter, we should pay attention to understanding the experimental device as the focus, understanding the key to the success or failure of the experiment, understanding the important phenomena, and understanding the precautions in operation. Special attention should be paid to the reproduction and sublimation of important experiments, and "string by string" should be adopted. Second, focus on review, divide the experiment into special topics for review, use multimedia and physical display or related review materials to understand and master the basic knowledge, and finally form the framework and network of the whole experimental knowledge. In recent years, the senior high school entrance examination pays more attention to comprehensive experiments, so it is necessary to review not only individual experiments, but also the combination and deformation of experiments, that is, the review of comprehensive experiments to cultivate the ability to solve experimental problems comprehensively. For the evaluation and design of experiments, we should collect more such problems, conduct analysis and research, master the starting point and methods of thinking and dealing with problems, and know the eight elements of the general process and methods of exploring experimental problems. For open experimental questions, we should train ourselves to think in different ways from different angles and be good at asking different questions and solving them. It is worth mentioning that the exam does not mean that you don't need to remember. You should also remember the properties, chemical equations, chemical formulas and element symbols of important substances.

"It is conducive to the development of students' creativity and practical ability" and "paying attention to the examination of scientific inquiry ability". In teaching, we should pay attention to selecting familiar materials from daily life and production, and guide students to stimulate their interest in chemistry learning by observing or personally experiencing experimental inquiry activities. For example, does the sum of the mass of each substance change before and after the reaction? Will the content of carbon dioxide in the air change? How to prevent iron products such as bicycle parts and kitchen knives from rusting?

Pay attention to the examination of scientific spirit and attitude. Pay attention to social problems related to chemistry in review, and initially form the consciousness of actively participating in social decision-making. Cultivate the scientific spirit of being good at cooperation, rigorous and realistic, and being brave in innovation and practice. For example, pseudoscience such as "changing water into fuel oil" and "changing copper molecules and zinc molecules into gold molecules by doing work", water crisis in China, comprehensive utilization of seawater, ozone hole and ozone layer protection, etc.