People's education press junior high school Chinese text review outline 1. Modern reading [knowledge reserve] 1. Literary genre: poetry, novel, prose and drama. 2. Expression: narration, description, lyricism, explanation and discussion. 3. Rhetoric: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, antithesis, rhetorical question, repetition and comparison. 4. The function of rhetoric means: ① Metaphor and personification: vivid image; 2. parallelism: momentum, emphasis on tone, and so on. 3. Ask questions: arouse readers' attention and thinking; 4. rhetorical questions: emphasis, emphasis, etc. ⑤ Contrast: emphasize … highlight …; ⑥ Repetition: emphasize ... strengthen the tone; 7. exaggeration: highlighting and emphasizing; A, modern poetry [knowledge reserve] 1, the characteristics of poetry: lyricism, generality, vividness and musicality. 2. According to the way of expression, it can be divided into lyric poetry, narrative poetry and mystery poetry. 3. According to genre, it can be divided into old-style poems and new-style poems. 4. Expression techniques: symbolism, contrast, contrast, suspense setting, echo before and after, first promotion and then suppression, first suppression and then promotion, expressing meaning by raising things, expressing feelings by borrowing things, associating, imagining and setting off (positive contrast and negative contrast). 5. Lyric way: direct lyric and indirect lyric. [Related Text Content] Seven times I love this land Ai Qing missed me and sang He Qifang's paper boat Tagore for boys and girls eight times the Wild Goose River-my nanny Ai Qing's Great Wall ballad Xi Murong's a leaf of Sophora japonica, facing the air, woodcutter, don't cut down that tree nine times, Emei Mountain Pass, Qin Xue, Farewell to Cambridge, Xu Zhimo, this is Beijing at 4: 08, forefinger. Methods of describing characters: language, action, manner, appearance, psychology, details. 3. The angle of describing characters: front and side. The plot consists of four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending. 5. Environmental description is divided into natural environment and social environment. 6. The role of the natural environment: explain the time and place of the story and the space of the characters' activities, and set off the emotions of the characters. 7. The role of social environment: explain the social background and characteristics of the times, contrast the characters' character, promote the plot development and prompt the theme of the article. 8. Divided into long stories, novelettes, short stories and short stories according to length. 9. The role of a sentence in the text: ① The beginning of the text: the opening point; Render the atmosphere; Lay a good foundation; Set suspense; Pave the way for the following; General collar below. 2. Text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above. 3. At the end of the article: point out the center; Deepen the theme; Taking care of the beginning [related text content] Part VII Empty City Plan Luo Guanzhong Monkey's kindness and courage Part VIII Lu Taihai punches Kansai Town Jinfan Zhongju Wu election storm Shanmi and crane Part IX Kong Yiji Lu Xun one centimeter Bi Shumin half car wheat straw Yao Saibi and crane [related text content] Ba Xia (narrative prose) Zhu Ziqing's Forever Regret, Ji Xianlin's Iron Rider and Yang Shuo's Nine Chapters of susan anthony (lyric prose). ③ Times reflected by themes: drama, historical drama, divine drama, science fiction drama, pantomime and children's drama. ④ According to the length scale: full-length drama and one-act drama. [Related Text Content] At 8: 00, Cao Yu, an imperial envoy, put down your whip, Jiu Teahouse, Lao She, Mayor Chen Yi, Sha, founding ceremony, E, Narrative [knowledge reserve] 1, six elements: time, place, people, cause, process and result of the event. 2. Narrative sequence: sequence, flashback and insertion. 3. The role of exposition in narrative: arouse readers' thinking, point out the significance of characters or events, highlight the center, sublimate the theme, and play the role of making the finishing point. 4. The role of lyricism in narrative: express the author's deep feelings, arouse the readers' feelings, and make the article have strong appeal. 5. Narrative paragraph summary: Answer clearly (when and where) who did what. [Related Text Content] Part VII (Writer's Narration) Memories of my mother, deep in the alley, my teacher, Helen Keller, Two Bombs, Deng Jiaxian, Part VII (Narrative Narration), Memories of reading, Bing Xin, my first literary attempt, Mark Twain, hiding from the rain in the mountains, Feng Zikai and kites, Lu Xun, Part VII. 2. Interpretation: examples, figures, analogy, comparison, quotation, classification, imitation, definition and explanation. 3. Structure of the article: total score, total score, total score. 4. paragraph meaning induction: the answer clearly States what the object is and what its characteristics are. 5. Understanding and analyzing the function of words in expository texts: ① What are the benefits of the word "xx"? The use of the word "XX" vividly and accurately explains the characteristics of things, can stimulate readers' interest, conforms to the actual situation and is scientific. ② Can the word "XX" be deleted? No, if the word "XX" is deleted, the meaning of the sentence will become …, but if the word "XX" is used, the meaning will not be conveyed. It accurately explains …, which conforms to the actual situation and leaves room for it. It is scientific. [Related Text Content] Seven Chapters (Description of Things) Suzhou Garden Ye Shengtao's Prospect of Bridges Mao Yisheng's Intercontinental Missiles, Rare Animals-Needle Mole (Description of Things) Eight Chapters (Description of Things) Jia Zuzhang's Destruction of Rainforest-Worldwide Disaster, Ocean is the Granary of the Future, Random Thoughts on Science at the Turn of the Century Yang Zhenning's Nine Chapters 3. Argumentation methods: examples, reasons, comparisons and metaphors. 4. Arguments can be divided into argumentation and refutation. 5. The types of refutation are: refutation point, refutation basis and refutation argument. 6. Analysis of the function of argumentative method: XX argumentative method is used to demonstrate … (argument), enhance the persuasiveness of the article and convince readers. [Related Text Content] Part VIII (In memory of Bethune) Mao Zedong's Talking about Language, Wang Li's The Sweet Comes with Bitterness, Liang Qichao's Lazy Wisdom, Part IX (Refutation), Whether China People Have Lost Confidence, Lu Xun's Wu Han Killed His Wife, Deng Tuo's The Big Cat Cave, There are No Stupid Problems in the World, H, Writing Scenery [ [Related Text Content] Seventh Discussion on Spring Zhu Ziqing's Winter in Jinan and Lao She's Man in the Deep Bamboo Forest. Woods and Grassland Turgenev's Eight Chapters (Travel Notes), Badong Three Gorges, Zhouzhuang Yunshui, Qinghai Lake and Dream Lake and Walking into new york I. Documentary Works [Related Text] Seven biographies: Lu Xun's Autobiography, Lu Xun's Youth in Mao Zedong, edgar snow's Thousand Balls and Young Einstein Part 8 (News): Beijing won. J, Fairy Tales [Related Text Content] VII. Tortoise, Song of Stream, VII. Camel Treasure Hunting, Dust under Carpet, Giant and Child, Cricket in Times Square, K, Other [Related Text Content] (Science Fiction Works) VII. Genetic Imagination, if humans have tails, (Speech) Serving the People for Eight Times, Mao Zedong's Spirit of Knowing Books and Being Reasonable, Ding Zhaozhong's I Have a Dream, Ding Jin's You Are Your Captain (Letters) for Nine Times, Letters to Mr. Su Homlinski's Letters to Butler, Hugo (Preface) for Nine Times, Preface to Home > Ba Jin.