Ha ha. The first draft contains everything, except that others or themselves have not changed the details, that is to say, the idea and framework should be established first. But the first draft must be written carefully.

What should be written in the format of the first draft of graduation thesis?

1. Title: accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.

2. Table of Contents: A table of contents is a brief list of main paragraphs in a paper. (Essays don't need to be listed in the table of contents)

3. Abstract: It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short and pithy content. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 words.

4. Keywords or subject words: keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, and are words with substantive significance to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval. Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract".

Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, the paper should have a theme, and according to the indexing and collocation rules, it should be converted into standardized words in the subject glossary.

5. Text of the document:

(1) Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction should generally write the author's intention, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, and point out the scope of the paper writing. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme.

(2) Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions. The main part includes the following contents:

A. Propose-demonstrate;

B. analyzing the problem-arguments and arguments;

C. solving problems-demonstrations and steps;

D. conclusion.

6. The references of the paper refer to the main documents listed at the end of the paper that can be referenced or quoted in writing. References should be marked on a new page according to GB77 14-87 Rules for Recording References at the End of Documents.

English: Title-Author-Publication Information (edition, publisher, publication date): Author-Title-The requirements for the references listed in the publication information are:

The references listed in (1) should be official publications for readers' textual research.

(2) The listed references shall be marked with serial numbers, titles of works or articles, authors and publication information.

What are the general parts of graduation thesis?

The basic structure of the paper

The National Bureau of Standards has promulgated 1987 (GB77 13-87), the Writing Format of Scientific and Technological Reports, Dissertations and Academic Papers, and the Description Rules of References after Text (GB77 14-87).

1, common format:

(1) title. The most appropriate and concise words reflect the logical combination of the most important specific content in the text. Unusual omitted words, acronyms, characters, codes and formulas should be avoided. Generally, the number of words does not exceed 20 titles.

Author's name and unit, more than two, generally sorted by contribution.

1 literary responsibility; ② Record the results; ③ Easy to search.

⑶ Abstract: It is a brief statement of the content of the paper without comment. Chinese abstracts are generally less than 300 words, and you can get important information from them without reading the full text.

Include: ① that importance of this study; ② Main research contents and application methods; General research results, outstanding new insights, and clarify the final conclusion, focusing on the results and conclusions.

(4) Keywords. They are 3-7 words or terms selected from the paper to express the subject information items of the full text, and have a special thesaurus.

5. introduction

[6] Text

(7) Conclusion: refers to the final and overall conclusion of the full text, rather than a simple repetition of the summary of the paragraphs in the text. It requires accuracy, completeness, clarity and conciseness.

(8) Thank you: express your gratitude to those who helped write the paper, and ask for sincere attitude and concise words.

Levies reference list (note

⑽ Appendix: Indicate the attached drawings and charts.

Second, the basic composition of the text

1, the basic composition of academic papers

Preface: Title, author, abstract, key words.

Text: Introduction (introduction, introduction, introduction) Text, conclusion, notes, references and postscript (acknowledgement).

2. The basic composition of the text: introduction, ontology (linear reasoning)

Conclusion (parallel theory)

(2) Overview of the project:

subject

Basic argument

Content outline

First, the big project (upper argument, large paragraphs)

I. Project (lower level argument, paragraph theme)

(1) Small project (festival center, one material)

Title writing: concise, to the point, others are not easy to misunderstand.

Sentence writing: concrete and clear

3. Preparation of the paper outline

(1) Design drawing of thesis writing: (three-level title)

One,

Two, one

Three, two 1.

Three, two

3.

4. Writing order and drafting method

(1) order

Natural order: conclusion-ontology-conclusion

Reverse order: ontology-conclusion-conclusion

(2) Method (first draft) in one go; Write by division.

5. Structure of academic papers

(1) Unified and complete specification part (another semantic part, incomplete part)

(2) The main clauses at the beginning and end of a paragraph indicate the purpose of the paragraph (there are also paragraphs in the middle or at both ends)

(3) The capacity is appropriate, and generally there are many long sections.

6. Expression:

(1) a clear point of view;

(2) Pay attention to the method in structure;

(3) Make it clear.

7. revision: focus on the whole and start from the big picture. First, the whole, then the part; First point of view, then material; Make chapters first, then make sentences again.

8. References and comments

⑴ Citation: Try to quote as little as possible, and don't take it out of context, thinking that readers don't understand. Quotations and explanations should be clearly defined and checked correctly. Generally, unpublished materials should not be cited. Materials published online should not be cited.

(2) Note: Footnotes, chapters, section notes and endnotes in paragraphs.

Quotations should be coded, generally using ① ② ③, and "*" (asterisk) can be added if there are few comments.

(3) Annotation style

Purpose:

1 is to meet the actual needs of readers for verification and retrieval.

2. It is a necessary "attachment" of a standardized academic research institution, showing the vision, quality, level and interest of an academic achievement.

3. The attitude towards annotations also reflects the author's academic attitude, such as quoting other people's opinions or statements without making annotations, not indicating the true source objectively and accurately in annotations, and treating second-hand materials as first-hand materials. , are against academic ethics.

2. Format of comments

I. Chinese description

A. Cite monographs

Note: (1) The author's name is followed by the title without a colon or funny things;

(2) When quoting a translated work, the translator's name must be indicated, usually after the title of the book and before the place of publication;

(3) If there is no restriction on an author, the author's name should be separated by a pause; If the author is more than two people, you can write ......

The paper format of the first draft of the paper

Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which are words with substantial meaning to express the central content of the paper. Keywords are words used by computer systems to index the content characteristics of papers, which are convenient for information systems to collect and provide readers with retrieval. Generally, 3-8 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract". Subject words are standard words. When determining the subject words, we should analyze the theme of the paper and convert it into standard words in the thesaurus according to the rules of indexing and collocation. (See Chinese Thesaurus and World Chinese Thesaurus). 1 Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction should generally write the author's intention, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, and point out the scope of the paper writing. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme. 2 Paper body: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions. The main part includes the following contents:

Matters needing attention in the first draft of the paper

1, the abstract should exclude the content that has become common sense in this subject field; Never write what should appear in the introduction into the abstract; Generally don't interpret and comment on the content of the paper (especially self-evaluation). 2. Don't simply repeat the information already in the title. For example, if the title of an article is "Study on Rhizome Formation of Several China Orchid Seeds in Vitro Culture", then don't write at the beginning of the abstract: "For ... 3. Rigorous structure, concise expression and exact semantics. What to write first, then what to write, should be arranged in logical order. Sentences should be coherent and echo each other. Use long sentences with caution and keep them as simple as possible. Every sentence should be clear, and there should be no vague, general or vague words, but the abstract is a complete essay after all, and telegraph writing is not enough. The abstract is not segmented. 4. Use the third person. It is suggested that the description methods such as "research …", "report …" and "investigation …" should be used to indicate the nature and theme of the literature at one time, instead of "this article" and "author" as subjects. 5, to use standard terminology, not open symbols and terms. If there are new terms or no suitable Chinese terms, you can indicate the original text in brackets or after translation. 6. In addition to being really inflexible, mathematical formulas and chemical structural formulas are generally not used, and there are no illustrations and tables. 7. There is no need to quote unless the document confirms or denies the published works of others. 8. Abbreviations, abbreviations and codes must be explained when they first appear, except those that can be clearly understood by readers of adjacent majors. Other matters that should be paid attention to when writing scientific papers, such as adopting legal units of measurement, using language and punctuation correctly, are also applicable to the preparation of abstracts. At present, the main problems in writing are: incomplete elements, or lack of purpose, or lack of methods; Citation is not independent and self-evident; Improper simplification. 9. The writing of the abstract of a paper usually begins when the whole paper is nearing completion, so as to include all the contents. However, you can also write it in advance and then make appropriate changes according to the progress of the research. Pay attention to the following items when writing an abstract: 10. Organize your materials so that they can provide the most information in the smallest space. 1 1. Use simple and direct sentences. Avoid using idioms, common sayings or unnecessary technical terms. 12, please read it and make comments on its simplicity and completeness. 13, delete meaningless or unnecessary words. But don't go too far and delete the right words too much. For example, in English, you should not delete necessary articles, such as "an". 14, use abbreviations as little as possible. There are many cases in English, and the unit of measurement should be standardized. Special abbreviations should be defined separately when used.

The difference between the first draft and the final draft of graduation thesis

Financial Management Graduation Thesis Topic Selection Report Related Documents Is it necessary for graduation thesis to exist? Business English Graduation Thesis Accounting Graduation Thesis My undergraduate course is about to graduate, and I want a thesis topic. A: Of course, the first draft also has a format. Generally, different departments of different schools have different requirements for paper format. If your college or department hasn't released the latest format requirements, you can follow the previous paper formats of seniors and seniors, and each department will release the format requirements when it is finalized.

How to write the first draft, revised draft and final draft of the paper? What's the difference

key word

Keyword is a subject word that marks the key theme content of literature, but it has not been standardized. It is a word or term selected from a paper for document indexing to express the main contents and information items of the full text. A paper can choose 3 ~ 8 words as keywords.

main body

Generally speaking, the content of the theme of academic papers should include the following three aspects: 1. Facts (examples or phenomena of language, culture, literature, education, society, thoughts, etc. obtained through my actual investigation). The factual basis put forward shall be objective and true, and the source shall be indicated when necessary; 2. Relevant statements of predecessors (including the investigation methods, investigation processes and conclusions of predecessors). In theoretical analysis, we should clearly distinguish other people's views from my own. Whether directly or indirectly citing the achievements of others, the source should be indicated; 3. My analysis, discussion and conclusion, etc. Combine the factual basis, predecessors' achievements and my own analysis organically, and pay attention to the logical relationship between them.

conclusion

The conclusion should be the final and overall conclusion of the graduation thesis, in other words, the conclusion should be the end and destination of the whole thesis, not the conclusion of a local problem or a branch problem, nor the simple repetition of each paragraph of the summary. The conclusion is that the conclusion of this paper should reflect the author's deeper understanding, and it is a new academic general concept and general view drawn from all the materials of the whole paper through logical analysis processes such as reasoning, judgment and induction. Conclusion The word "conclusion" can be used, which requires a concise and accurate explanation of one's creative work or new viewpoint, its significance and function, and also puts forward problems and suggestions that need further discussion. Conclusion should be accurate, complete, clear and concise.

What problems should be paid attention to when writing the first draft of graduation thesis?

In the whole process of graduation thesis writing, drafting the first draft is the most important and painstaking work. Although the first draft is only a blank of the article, it is the basis for further processing. Because it is the first draft, you can't make a move when writing. What problems should be paid attention to in drafting the first draft? 1, think carefully and put pen to paper carefully. Graduation thesis is a "systematic project". Before you formally start writing, you should think comprehensively about the article and check whether all the preparations are completely ready. First of all, we must clarify the theme. The theme is the commander-in-chief of the article, so you must think very clearly before writing. Liu Xizai, a Qing Dynasty man, said, "Every article can be summarized in one sentence. It's a thousand words when it's expanded, and a word when it's reserved. The so-called master is also. " The author should think about whether the theme of his article can be summarized in one sentence. If the subject is unknown, you should never start writing. Second, it is clear thinking. Train of thought is the thread and track of people's ideological progress and the internal foundation of structure. Before you start writing, you should think clearly about how to ask questions, how to analyze problems, how to solve problems and what materials to use. Third, establish a model. The so-called "pattern" is the framework, outline and outline of the full text. Think well before you start writing, such as how many parts the full text is divided into, what levels it has, what to say first, what to say later, where to be detailed and where to omit it, and have a general idea from beginning to end. Fourth, prepare the required materials and find all kinds of facts, data, quotations, etc. Keep it at hand, so as not to look for it when you use it and interrupt your thinking.

What is the difference between the format of the opening report and the first draft of the paper?

The opening report is the preparatory work for your graduation thesis. You can see what it includes. Including the background, research significance, research progress at home and abroad and problems to be solved. Then the structure or content of your paper, technical route, etc., and finally the timetable and references.

In other words, the opening topic covers the outline of the paper.

In principle, you need to find and write down your own information when opening a topic. However, in this era of academic uselessness and impetuous society, it is difficult to write your own graduation thesis. You can refer to others' and then look up some information and write it yourself.

I'm glad to answer the landlord's question. If there are any mistakes, please forgive me and ask the format of the first draft of the paper.