First, what is a literature review; Second, why do you want to write a literature review; What are the advantages of literature review? Third, how to write a literature review; (How to write a good literature review) Fourth, what matters should be paid attention to when writing a literature review. 1. What is a literature review? Specifically, literature is a combination of knowledge and information recorded in the form of words, symbols, images and audio on a certain material carrier. From this definition, we can see that literature has three basic attributes, namely, knowledge, record and materiality. It has the functions of storing knowledge, transmitting and exchanging information. On the basis of extensive reading, the author comprehensively introduces and comments on the research achievements and development trends at home and abroad in a certain subject field, shows his own views, predicts the future development, and puts forward pertinent opinions or suggestions on related issues. The so-called literature review is the abbreviation of comprehensive literature review, that is, on the basis of comprehensively collecting and reading a large number of research documents related to your research topic, after induction, analysis and identification, systematically and comprehensively describe and comment on the research achievements, existing problems and new development trends of your research topic (such as discipline or topic) in a certain period of time. It is an academic paper and a scientific document. Literature review reflects the latest progress, academic viewpoints and suggestions of an important subject in a branch or field. It can often reflect the new trends, new trends, new levels, new principles and new technologies of related issues. In a word, literature review is a synthesis and summary of literature, and it is a scientific paper that the author comments on the historical background, previous work, debate focus, research status and development prospect of a certain issue. Second, why do you want to write a literature review (what benefits does literature review have for us)? Because literature review also plays an important role in the cooperation between scientific and technological papers and graduation papers, master's and doctoral papers, it is an important chapter in the paper. The quality of literature review is directly related to the success or failure of the paper. What are the advantages of writing a literature review (1)? It is helpful to update professional knowledge and expand knowledge. Literature review can reflect the evolution law, latest progress, academic viewpoints and development trend of a certain field or topic at present, with novel theme, comprehensive information, rich content and concentrated information. Therefore, whether writing or reading literature review, we can understand the new trends, new technologies and new achievements in related fields, constantly update our knowledge and improve our professional level. Through the process of collecting documents, we can be further familiar with the retrieval methods of scientific documents and the accumulation methods of materials; In the process of searching, I also further expanded my knowledge. (2) It is beneficial to choose the direction of scientific research. Summary Through the comprehensive analysis and comments on new achievements, new methods, new technologies and new viewpoints, it is found that searching for documents and writing a literature review are the first steps of scientific research topic selection and research, which can help scientific and technological personnel find and choose new scientific research topics and avoid duplication. Therefore, writing literature review is also a process of laying the foundation for future scientific research activities. (3) It is beneficial to obtain relevant information. Due to the rapid development of science and technology, a large number of documents are produced at all times, and time and experience are not enough to read these documents. Through reading and summarizing, we can know the development situation and development trend of related fields in a short time, saving a lot of time. In a word, these three will help to improve your independent working ability and scientific research ability. Third, how to write a good literature review (how to write a good literature review) If we want to write a literature review, we must first prepare the materials and materials for the topic. The materials for the topic (mainly the original documents of related topics in the last 3 to 5 years and the research results of our own work) are often the key to writing a good review, which is the same as "a clever woman can't cook without rice". The content of these materials, the author should pay attention to the combination of their own majors, choose what they are familiar with and love, and don't blindly collect useless materials. The more materials collected, the better, and the newer the better. It is best to have a comprehensive literature written by a professional scholar recently. The methods and pre-processing of data collection are as follows: first, manual retrieval, that is, making reading note cards of relevant documents read in professional journals, which accumulate over time; The second is computer retrieval, that is, using computer online retrieval to find the literature you need according to the subject words. When writing a summary, you can find supplements if there is not enough information. After selecting a topic and collecting reading literature, we should collect literature related to the topic around the topic. There are many ways to collect literature. The more complete the document collection, the better, so the most commonly used method is retrieval. After collecting the references related to the topic, it is necessary to read, summarize and sort out these references. How to select a representative, scientific and feasible single research document from these documents is very important. In a sense, the quality of reading and selecting documents directly affects the level of literature review. Therefore, when reading literature, you should write "reading notes", "reading experience" and "document extract card" Write down the inspiration, experience and ideas gained from reading in your own language, and extract the essence of the literature. This can not only provide useful information for writing a summary, but also help to train your own expression ability and reading level, especially to organize the documents into a document excerpt card, which is very beneficial for writing a document summary. After selecting a subject and collecting and consulting a large number of documents, I will start to write a literature review. The format and writing method of literature review are different from general research papers. This is because research papers focus on research methods and results, while literature review requires readers to introduce detailed information, trends, progress, prospects and comments on the above aspects. Therefore, the format of literature review is relatively diverse, but generally speaking, it includes the following four parts: preface, theme, summary and references. When writing a literature review, you can write an outline according to these four parts, and then write according to the outline. The preface mainly explains the purpose of writing, introduces related concepts and definitions, outlines the scope, and briefly explains the current situation or focus of debate of related topics, so that readers can have a preliminary outline of the problems to be described in the full text. The theme part is the main body of the summary, and the writing methods are diverse and there is no fixed format. It can be summarized in chronological order and compared from different angles according to different problems. No matter which format is adopted, the collected documents should be summarized, sorted, analyzed and compared, and the historical background, present situation and development direction of related topics and comments on these issues should be made clear. In the theme part, we should pay special attention to representative, scientific and creative references and comments. The summary part is somewhat similar to the summary of the research paper. It briefly summarizes the theme of the full text, and authors who have studied the summarized theme had better put forward their own opinions. Although references are placed at the end of the article, they are an important part of literature review. Because it not only shows the respect for the author of the cited literature and the basis of the cited literature, but also provides clues for readers to discuss related issues in depth. So take it seriously. The arrangement of references should be clear, easy to find and accurate. Regarding the use of references, the recorded items and formats are the same as those of research papers, and they are not repeated. Four. Precautions 1. Literature collection should be as complete as possible. Mastering a large number of comprehensive documents is the premise of writing a good summary, otherwise it is impossible to write a lot of summaries by collecting a little information casually, and even the articles written will not be a summary at all. 2. Pay attention to the representativeness, readability and scientificity of the cited documents. There may be similar views in the collected documents, and some documents are different in readability and scientificity. When quoting documents, we should pay attention to choosing documents with better representativeness, readability and scientificity. 3. Cite documents faithfully. Because the literature review has the author's own comments and analysis, it is necessary to distinguish the author's point of view from the content of the literature when writing, and not to tamper with the content of the literature. 4. References cannot be omitted. Some scientific research papers can omit references, but the literature review must not be omitted, and it should be the literature cited in the paper, which can reflect the whole theme and the author can read it directly. In short, a good literature review should have complete literature, comments and analysis, and accurately reflect the theme. However, most people are prone to make mistakes when writing literature review: 1. Write an article first and then a literature review. The reason why we make this mistake is that we don't fully realize the function and significance of literature review, and think that writing literature review is only a form, so we often write the article first, and then combine some references used in the article to write literature review. 2. The title and structure of the literature review are the same as those of the article. Many students have not mastered the writing method of literature review, and subjectively think that literature review is a brief introduction to their own articles. Therefore, the title structure of literature review is often the same as that of articles. 3. List a lot of articles. I mistakenly think that the purpose of literature review is to show my understanding of other related studies. Therefore, when writing literature review, many students don't focus on researching problems, but write a list of reading experiences. 4. selectively explore the literature. In order to "prove" that their research is innovative, many students consciously abandon some relevant literature, instead of systematically consulting the existing research literature to find out suitable problems or predictable assumptions.