As an important cross-research field of coordination chemistry and supramolecular chemistry, organometallic coordination compounds have gradually attracted the attention of experts at home and abroad in the research of emerging materials. Metal-organic complexes refer to intermolecular interactions between metal ions and organic ligands through coordination bonds and hydrogen bonds. Because of its special topological structure, it has a wide range of potential applications in gas adsorption, optics, catalysis, molecular recognition, molecular devices and other fields. At present, it has become a hot spot in coordination chemistry, material chemistry, structural chemistry, supramolecular chemistry and analytical chemistry. At present, the research on organometallic complexes mainly focuses on the design and construction of novel materials and the analysis of crystal structure. In this paper, several organometallic complexes were systematically studied by infrared, Raman and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra. The innovative research results are as follows: (1) Spectral study of transition metal ions and 4,4-bipyridine complexes. The infrared, Raman and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of 4,4-bipyridine ligands and their complexes were studied. Because 4,4-bipyridine ligands coordinate with metal ions to form metal coordination bonds, some vibration bands of ligands in the complexes have changed. For example, in the infrared spectrum, the absorption peak of the ligand at 1589 cm- 1 belongs to the complex vibration peak of ν (c-c) and ν (c-n), which is formed.