After years of war, the Roman Empire finally extended its territory to the Rhine in 58 BC. At that time, the Germanic barbarians, led by Herman, United in the Teutonic fort forest and defeated the Roman army. Everyone called this nation Teutonic. The Teutonic people became a headache for Rome, and several looting eventually led to the collapse of the Roman Empire.
When the Germanic tribes were dealing with the Romans, the Franks extended their influence to the Rhine valley. The Charlemagne Empire in the third century almost unified the Germanic race. Although Charlemagne promoted administrative innovation and cultural progress, the problem of inheritance within the empire led to the invasion of foreign enemies, which split in 843 and entered the period of divided holy Roman Empire. This period is the so-called dark period in Europe, but it is the period of the rise of local popular literature, and the use of Germanic language gradually led to the recognition of the nation-state. The main content of literature in this period is the story of promoting chivalry, or the love story between knight and noble woman.
Until the14th century, the Habsburg royal family gradually came to power, and the national orientation of the Germanic nation became more and more clear. 1538, the formation of the Hanseatic League integrated all the commercial towns in Germany.
15 17, Martin Luther published a paper challenging the Catholic church, which was a pioneer of the religious reform and indirectly triggered the Thirty Years' War. Martin Luther's cultural contributions, including the retranslation of the Bible, also led to the integration of Germanic dialects and the birth of standard highland German.
The influence of religious reform is not limited to religious activities, but also causes changes in the whole social environment. The Thirty Years' War in the future (16 18-48) was a catastrophe in the history of the development of the Germanic nation, which led to a sharp drop in population by more than 1/3. The Peace of Westphalia, which ended the war, increased the number of candidates for the Holy Roman Empire to 300, which was the jurisdiction of the Habsburg royal family. The Holy Roman Empire has existed in name only, but it still lingers 150 years, and the real political power is in the hands of many local governors.
/kloc-At the beginning of the 8th century, under the enlightened autocratic regime of Friedrich the Great, Prussia, a German country, rose up and tried to rank among the European powers. 1862, King William I of Prussia appointed otto von bismarck as Prime Minister. This experienced politician believes in the philosophy of iron blood and has a tough style. He hoped to establish a unified and powerful Germanic nation-state, and launching foreign wars was the best way to effectively enhance internal unity. Bismarck first promoted the unification of North Germany, then encouraged the unification of North Germany through the war against France, and finally formed the German nation-state. In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, Germany won a great victory. French emperor Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte was captured and William I became the emperor of the German Empire.