Tomato planting management:
1, suitable time
Tomatoes are suitable for planting in warm and humid environment, and varieties with temperature of 25 ~ 28℃ should be selected. The temperature below 10℃ will affect the germination and growth of seeds. Spring planting in the north usually begins in mid-May. At this time, the temperature will gradually rise, suitable for sowing. In the south, it can be planted around Tomb-Sweeping Day, one month earlier than in the north. The temperature is too high in summer, which is generally not suitable for planting, because tomatoes will wither after sun exposure. Tomato planting technology and management must be properly maintained, otherwise the loss will outweigh the gain.
Planting in autumn usually means planting seedlings in greenhouses from mid-July to mid-August, and then planting them from mid-August to early September. In winter, seedlings are usually planted in the greenhouse from early October to early February in 165438+1,and can be planted from June to February in 65438+. But in some areas where the temperature difference does not change much all year round, such as Hainan, it can be planted all year round. If other areas want to eat tomatoes all year round, they should grow seedlings and plant them in greenhouses.
2. The soil is fertile
Planting tomatoes does not require much soil, and there is no specific requirement for the choice of soil in the north and south. Generally, soil can be planted, but if you want to grow high-quality tomatoes, you must choose soil with thick soil, fertile soil, convenient drainage and less nutrient loss. If there is no thick soil, you can also choose sand with good stability after compaction. In winter, tomatoes in the north and south should enter the shed to avoid being eroded by the cold.
3. Variety selection
In the selection of varieties, due to the great temperature difference between north and south, different tomato varieties should be selected according to this difference. First of all, it is hot in summer and mild in winter in the south, so tomato varieties should choose drought-resistant varieties. In the north, which is hot in summer and cold in winter, we should also choose drought-resistant and heat-resistant varieties.
4, reasonable sowing
When planting tomatoes in spring and autumn, the seeds should be exposed to the sun for a day, then the land should be dug loose and the seeds should be put in. Before covering the seeds, sprinkle some water, then bury the soil, and then put a shelf with a transparent film on it. Both sides of the film are pressed with stones. After that, wait 3-5 days. After the seeds germinate, open the film to ventilate the seeds. After the seeds grow, spray manure in time to provide nutrients for tomatoes. Winter sowing should be carried out in the greenhouse to prevent the seeds from overwintering.
5, due to the need of fertilization
In tomato seedling stage, artificial fertilizers, such as manure, are usually used. In the whole growth cycle of tomato, a small amount of topdressing is suitable for many times.
Second, the management methods of planting tomatoes
1, prune regularly.
The growth cycle of tomatoes is about 60 days. Tomatoes should be pruned after they grow stems and leaves. You can use the method of interruption and pinching. The lateral buds growing at the base of the stem should be cut off, which can effectively prevent the invasion of pests and diseases. Generally, when a tomato just grows its first flower, in order to let it absorb the absorbed nutrients, it is necessary to cut off other side branches as soon as possible. After the tomato bears fruit, the main head above the fruit should be pinched off to control the wild growth of the plant.
2, regular inspection
If the tomato leaves turn yellow, find out the reason, prescribe the right medicine and spray the right fertilizer. If the tomato leaves become hard and slightly upward, it is a symptom of malnutrition and needs to be fertilized immediately. If the leaves bend slightly downward, it means that tomatoes are healthy and do not need to be sprayed with chemical fertilizer.
Step 3 get plenty of water
Tomato stems and leaves are developed, which has a great demand for water and strong absorption capacity, and needs to be supplemented with enough water. But tomatoes are drought-tolerant crops and should not be watered too much. Try not to use irrigation when watering, but use an ordinary watering pot. In spring and autumn, it is usually watered every 7 ~ 10 days, and the watering time is usually before 10 in the morning. It is not suitable for watering at noon, and it is enough to water it once in winter 10.