Why did China propose to take the road of new industrialization? (1) Summary of historical experience and lessons. Industrialization is the only way and an important symbol of the transformation from an agricultural country based on natural economy to a modern country, and it is in a leading position in China's "four modernizations". The traditional industrialization model has made great progress in social productivity, but at the expense of excessive consumption of resources and destruction of the ecological environment. At the same time, developed countries pay attention to mechanization and automation in the process of industrialization, resulting in serious unemployment. The task of realizing industrialization in China was put forward during the first five-year plan after the founding of New China. Since the first five-year plan, we have been struggling for industrialization for half a century, building a backward agricultural country into a country with a considerable scale, maintaining a relatively high growth rate, relatively complete industrial categories and constantly improving industrial technology. A large number of industrial enterprises and departments have reached or approached the advanced level in the world, and have independent and relatively complete industrial systems and national economic systems. For half a century, China has been exploring the road of industrialization in line with China's national conditions and accumulated rich experience. However, China basically took the traditional road of industrialization for a period of time, and the growth of industry and the whole economy mainly depended on the high input of material and human resources, which caused the backwardness of agriculture and rural economy and the deterioration of ecological environment. This road can't go any further. Due to historical conditions, economic and technological development level and economic system, the contradiction between rapid economic development and ecological protection of resources and environment in the process of industrialization in China has become increasingly acute. To speed up the industrialization process in China, we must not repeat the traditional industrialization road taken by developed countries, but also conscientiously sum up and learn from the experience and lessons of China's previous industrialization process, and take a new industrialization road with the characteristics of the times, in line with objective laws and China's national conditions. (2) The inevitable choice to conform to the trend of the times Since the 1990s, great changes have taken place in the development of world economy and science and technology. On the one hand, the rapid development of new scientific and technological revolution and the wide application of high technology, especially information technology, have not only become a powerful driving force for economic and social development, but also brought human production activities and social life into the era of informationization and intelligent automation. On the other hand, with the deepening of economic globalization, the development of economy and trade and the flow of capital and technology around the world are accelerating, and the economies and markets of various countries are further open and interdependent. In particular, informatization takes the world as the stage, which leads to more intense international competition of production factors such as information, technology, capital and talents. In fact, new industrialization is an inevitable choice for China to conform to the new trend of world economic and technological development, keep pace with the times and always stand in the forefront of the times. (3) Correct decision-making to adapt to China's national conditions After half a century's development, China's industrialization has made remarkable achievements, but China's industrialization task has not yet been completed. Generally speaking, it is still in the middle stage of industrialization. The outstanding performance is as follows: the level of agricultural modernization and rural urbanization is low, and the agricultural labor force and rural population account for about 50% and 62% of the total social labor force and population respectively; The level of industrial structure is low, the competitiveness is not strong, the technical level of industry, especially manufacturing industry, is not high, and the proportion and level of service industry are still far behind those of industrialized developed countries. If the task of industrialization is not completed, modernization will be difficult to achieve. Therefore, realizing industrialization is still an arduous historical task in the process of China's modernization. However, in today's China, the contradiction between a large population, insufficient per capita resources and an oversupply of labor force is prominent, which is the basic national condition. In such a country, promoting industrialization at the expense of excessive consumption of resources and destruction of the ecological environment is not only unsustainable for resources, industrialization and economic development, but also destroys ecology, pollutes the environment and hinders the improvement of people's quality of life. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the role of scientific and technological progress, strive to improve economic benefits, save and rationally use resources, protect the ecological environment, and take the road of sustainable development. At the same time, in order to give full play to China's rich advantages in labor resources, ease the huge employment pressure, and maintain social equity and political stability, we must attach great importance to expanding employment in the process of industrialization and modernization. Taking the road of new industrialization is conducive to the sustainable utilization of resources and the protection of ecological environment, to the increase of employment and the welfare of workers, and to the fundamental and long-term interests of the overwhelming majority of people in China.