Xu Shunshou, 1965438+2 1, was born in August 2007 in an enlightened family of sports workers in Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province. Father Xu joined the League with Dr. Sun Yat-sen in his early years. From 65438 to 0905, I went to Japan to study at Omori Sports School. After returning home, he founded the first sports school in China in Shanghai. On the eve of the Revolution of 1911, he led sports school students to attack Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, which wrote a glorious page for the democratic revolution.
1933, Xu Shunshou, who had just completed 16, passed the mechanical department of Tsinghua University with excellent results. After graduation, he was assigned to Hangzhou Jianqiao Aircraft Factory as an inspector. On August 13, the Japanese invaded Shanghai, the Jianqiao Bridge was bombed and the factory was shut down. With the desire of saving the country by aviation, he was admitted to the special machinery research class of Central University to study aviation technology. After graduation, I worked as an assistant researcher in Chengdu Aviation Institute. He worked hard and studied hard, and made great achievements in the study of flight mechanics. 1940 co-authored the first paper "Agile Algorithm for Aircraft Performance", which was published in the No.1 technical series of the Institute and won the award of the Institute. 1941may, Xu shunshou was sent to the yining air force training team aided by the Soviet government to teach flight mechanics.
1in August, 942, he was transferred back to the establishment department of Chengdu Aviation Committee as the establishment Commissioner. Participated in compiling the first English-Chinese Dictionary of Aviation Engineering Terminology in China, which was officially published in 1944. In August of the same year, when he was transferred to the faculty of the Air Force Indian Military Academy of Chongqing National Government, it coincided with the recruitment of interns studying in the United States at public expense. He took the exam and was admitted, so he went to Vedel Company in America to study the manufacture of plastic parts. After half a year, he was transferred to McDonald Aircraft Company to participate in the design of FD- 1 and FD-2 aircraft as an employee.
1946 He entered the University of Washington to study mechanics. After returning to China in August of the same year, he was engaged in aerodynamic research and aircraft design in the Second Aircraft Factory of Nanjing National Government Air Force, and served as the overall design and performance calculation of China Mobile No.2 and No.3 aircraft, and was promoted to research director. 1949 Spring, Nanjing National Government ordered him to move to Taiwan Province Province. With the help of our underground party, Xu Shunshou resolutely moved his family to Beiping (now Beijing), which has been peacefully liberated.
1In May, 949, Xu Shunshou was assigned to work in the maintenance department of Northeast Aviation School. Soon after, he went south with the People's Liberation Army to investigate the Nanjing National Government Air Force Airport and aviation industrial facilities, participated in the airport construction project, and cooperated with the great March to liberate China. In September of the same year, he was transferred to the position of deputy head of the aircraft group of the newly established Aviation Engineering Research Office in East China Military Region, participated in the compilation of the Survey of the Aviation Industry of the Pseudo Air Force, and also compiled the Plan for the Establishment of the Aircraft Factory and the Air Force Combat Training Textbook.
Aircraft design is a comprehensive system engineering based on basic science and applied research and widely adopting modern science and technology. In the early days of the People's Republic of China, China's aviation industry was extremely weak, with only a few small aircraft and its accessories repair shops, not to mention independent design. In order to get rid of this backward situation, the country listed the aviation industry as a key construction project in 1953, and Premier Zhou Enlai put forward the strategic development policy of "from repair to imitation to self-design" for the aviation industry. Under the guidance of this policy, Xu Shunshou adopted the principle of designing while creating, successfully developed a number of new aircraft in practice and trained a large number of technical backbones.
High subsonic fighter, and initially accumulated experience in production, use and maintenance. 1September, 1956, when the Aviation Industry Bureau was studying how to start aircraft design in China, Xu Shunshou, based on years of practical experience in aircraft design research at home and abroad, thought that the propeller and Jacques-1 1 rear three-point landing gear intermediate trainer widely used in the Air Force Aviation School at that time could not meet the training requirements of jet aircraft. According to the principle of combining China's needs with possibilities, he drew up the overall aerodynamic scheme of subsonic jet trainer with similar performance abroad, with a top speed of 700-800 km/h, a range of about 1 1,000 km, and a ceiling of over 1.2 km. Adopt all-metal landing gear, air intake on both sides, two seats and swept wings (named J -I later).
The scheme requires that the research and development of materials and finished products should be based in China. After the plan was approved, he immediately set up the specialty and staffing according to the needs, established the specialty of aeroelasticity and shape, personally presided over the drafting of the design work system, and organized the design office to write the designer's manual as a guide for design work. Together with two other deputy chief designers, he organized and led a young team with an average age of only 22. Most of them did not participate in aircraft design and devoted themselves to the attempt of aircraft design.
In the overall scheme design, in order to break through the framework of MIG aircraft and prevent China's self-designed aircraft from becoming imitations of MIG aircraft, he asked designers to collect and learn information of various aircraft extensively, compare various schemes, and explore a design road in line with China's national conditions. In his words, it means "familiarizing yourself with 300 Tang poems", not "just talking about MiG". Therefore, he broke through the frame of the nose inlet of the Soviet aircraft, and personally presided over the formulation of the inlet types on both sides, which provided a suitable space for the installation of radar and antenna, and laid the foundation for the successful design of the aircraft and its subsequent application to the design of the inlet of the J-5 and J-8 Ⅱ aircraft.
According to the requirements of the overall scheme, the structural type and landing gear design of the J -I aircraft are optimized. In order to control the quality, he stipulated a strict three-level audit system (proofreader, team leader and room director designer). For the overall design of large parts, he asked for a collective review of the designer's report, and then replied. These methods not only ensure the design quality of the J-1 aircraft, but also give full play to and improve the overall wisdom and level of this young design team.
In practice, a set of effective calculation methods from aircraft performance, handling stability to aerodynamic load is summarized, which solves the technical key points such as force measurement of the whole aircraft, hinge moment measurement of components, small wind tunnel launch test of store dynamic similar model, and provides reference for future model design.
The first flight of the J-1 aircraft took only 1 year and nine months, and its main technical performance exceeded the original design index. Its rapid development speed is also rare in the history of foreign aircraft development.
1after August, 957, Xu Shunshou was ordered to organize and lead the overall design of the Chu -6 and Qiang -5 aircraft. At that time, the primary trainer I (Jacques-18) widely used in the Air Force Aviation School was the rear three-point landing gear, which could not meet the training requirements of the front three-point landing gear jet. The fuselage frame of Chujiao -I is welded by seamless steel pipe, which requires imported materials, and there are many problems in welding. The tail wing and rear fuselage are covered, so it is difficult to further improve the aircraft performance and maintenance performance. The equipment of this machine is also relatively backward. For this reason, Xu Shunshou proposed a primary trainer scheme with the first three landing gears and all-metal skin structure designed by himself.
After the approval of the superior, under his organization and leadership, the overall demonstration and blowing test were completed at the beginning of 1958, and the overall plan was initially determined. In May of the same year, the proofing design of each system was completed, and a wooden prototype of 1∶ 1 was made. After the aircraft was handed over to Nanchang Aircraft Factory, the design room and the factory completed the detailed design, trial production and test, and named it Chujiao -6 aircraft, which successfully made its first flight on August 27th. 1958. Later, it was further developed and improved by Nanchang Aircraft Factory. In June of 196 1979, it was approved to finalize the design, mass production and equip the troops, and won the national gold medal in June of 1979. By 1984, the Chujiao -6 aircraft was not only equipped with a large number of troops, but also exported in batches. The successful independent development of this aircraft indicates that China aviation industry has developed from repair imitation to independent design.
Xu Shunshou has unique views on educating people and using them. He believes that engineering design units need "experts who are faster in routine and key aspects". The former refers to the chief engineer, who is an automation expert in daily calculation and analysis and also an expert in proofing and drawing. In design work, he can find his way when he is old. The latter refers to experts in key theories and research projects, who have deep attainments in theoretical exploration and application and can make a final decision when determining the scheme. He trained talents, adhered to the "optimal training method" and "natural elimination method", and trained a large number of outstanding talents for China aviation industry. In employing people, he is meritocratic. As long as it is beneficial to the national cause, he dares to stick to the truth and speak for scientific and technological personnel. 1957 after the "anti-rightist" struggle began, many technical cadres were wronged, some were dismissed, and some were classified as Rightists. As the chief designer of the office, Xu Shunshou was deeply saddened to see the loss of the party's cause.
Xu Shunshou has a strong sense of professionalism and responsibility for the aviation industry of the motherland. He always stands at the height of national interests, frankly meets with leaders and acts as a good adviser for them. Even if he encounters different opinions, he is outspoken, argues for it, and never goes with the flow. Shortly after the establishment of the aircraft design room, he followed the principle of combining demand with possibility and proposed to the country to design his own primary and intermediate trainers. In the "Great Leap Forward", when he was asked to organize the design of supersonic fighters, he proceeded from reality and bluntly dissuaded him; Shortly after the establishment of Shenyang Aircraft Design Institute of Aviation Research Institute, out of his strong desire to design supersonic fighters, he signed a letter with Huang and others, proposing that after copying and studying the drawings and materials of MIG -2 1 aircraft, starting from 1962, MIG -2 1 was used as the original standard to design fighters with Mach number of 2.2 or 2.3. These far-sighted suggestions he put forward at key moments and major technologies have been proved to be correct by practice.
Xu Shunshou is hardworking, quick-thinking, creative and pioneering. Colleagues commented on him as "clear thinking, meticulous style" and "outstanding talent, able to grasp the essentials"; "Be far-sighted in technology" and "don't engage in red tape and advocate a pragmatic scientific style" in work; He is "different from some complacent mediocre people" and "he is a figure who weaves professional knowledge in various specialized fields into an airplane model to complete a' system engineering'".
Encyclopedia of people
Xu Shunshou (1917.8.21-1968.1.6), a native of Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province, is a famous aircraft designer and aviation industry technical expert in China. He is a pioneer in aircraft design and development in China and one of the founders of the First Aircraft Design and Research Institute, and has trained a large number of scientific and technological talents. He organized and presided over the design tasks of various military aircraft, solved many cutting-edge technologies, and made important contributions to the construction and development of China aviation industry.
In the development of China aviation industry, especially aircraft design, Xu Shunshou has a milestone position and contribution. He is a master of aircraft design in New China, and the aircraft designers trained under his direct leadership are all over the important positions of independently designing aircraft models in China. The planes he presided over, organized and designed by himself are: J- 1, J-6, J-5, J-8, H-6, Y-7 ... He is mikoyan, Su Huoyi and tupolev in China.
Source: Popular Science China-Records of famous scientists and technical experts.