Water conservancy is the basic industry of national economy and social development, so how do people majoring in water conservancy and hydropower engineering write papers? This paper is my graduation thesis of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, which I collected for you. Welcome to refer to.
Abstract: As we all know, the development of water conservancy and hydropower projects plays a decisive role in the development of agriculture in China. Waterproof and drainage technology is the foundation of hydropower and water conservancy projects. Because it mainly serves agricultural activities, it is difficult to work because of the complex terrain and climate in China. This paper mainly studies the waterproof and drainage technology of water conservancy and water conservancy projects.
Keywords: water conservancy and hydropower; Waterproof and drainage; Construction technology; main building
The waterproof and drainage construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects is greatly influenced by climate and landform, and the conditions of topography, geology, hydrology and meteorology interfere with personnel and technology. Therefore, the main building can only be constructed by stages under the protection of cofferdam, and waterproof and drainage have great influence on construction safety.
1 Brief introduction of waterproof and drainage engineering
Water conservancy and hydropower projects are generally composed of barrage, power plant and ship odor. Among them, the diversion workshop needs to be at a certain distance from the river, and other workshops will be built directly on the river bed or river. According to the different materials used in design, barrage can be divided into earth-rock dam, concrete dam, rubber dam and Tongwenmen dam. Concrete dams are generally used in water conservancy and hydropower projects discussed in this paper, which lays a certain foundation for the development of waterproof and drainage technology in water conservancy and hydropower projects.
2 The importance of waterproof and drainage system
If the waterproof and drainage system is not established in water conservancy and hydropower projects, serious accidents will easily occur, which will cause economic losses to engineering enterprises, hidden dangers to the quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects, and most importantly, pose a threat to the lives of people and staff. In the water conservancy and hydropower projects, the waterproof and drainage work is unqualified, so in the rainy season, due to a large number of water from the upstream, a large number of accumulated water can not be discharged, resulting in floods, so it is very necessary to set up waterproof and drainage work. Only by doing a good job of waterproof and drainage can we ensure the normal development of agriculture.
3 Cofferdam waterproof and drainage system construction
Cofferdam is a structure that is temporarily built next to buildings and plays a maintenance role. Its function is to prevent the sediment in the river from being washed to the place where the building is built, which is convenient for digging the foundation pit and removing the accumulated water in the cofferdam. Except for special buildings, cofferdams in general water conservancy projects will be demolished after the buildings are completed, and the height of cofferdams must be higher than the highest water level. Cofferdam plays a very important role in water conservancy projects, which is not only conducive to the construction of buildings, but also has a great impact on waterproof and drainage systems. For the construction of cofferdam, I think it is suitable for the site. In some areas with less clay, we need to use concrete to construct the outer slope of cofferdam, which can not only prevent water and sand, but also avoid rainfall erosion. For those areas with more clay content, clay can be used to build the core wall, and for those buildings with external slopes, stone-filled prisms can be used, which can not only save costs, but also play a very good role. There are also some special places, such as forests, and we can also build vegetation cofferdams. We can determine the material and quality of the cofferdam by observing the geological characteristics of the area where the water conservancy and hydropower project is located and the requirements of the building. Generally, concrete wall, jet grouting and clay covering foundation are used for waterproof and drainage treatment. For those areas with less clay content, we can use excavators to assist in the operation and backfill the excavated clay for building walls.
4 the importance of dam foundation construction to waterproof and drainage system
In the process of dam construction, due to the accumulation of a large number of rivers, the water pressure has great pressure on the dam foundation and will have a great impact on the stability of buildings, so the waterproof and drainage system is extremely important at this time. Curtain grouting can be used in the water-facing area, and the seepage-proof curtain has a good control effect on dam foundation leakage during the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects. At the same time, the impervious curtain and dam foundation apron together constitute the waterproof and drainage system in water conservancy and hydropower projects.
Design of waterproof and drainage system for main building
We mainly study the most common concrete dams. When designing the waterproof and drainage system of the main building, we must combine the characteristics of the function and use of the main building of the building project. The function of water retaining structure in construction is mainly waterproof, while the design of soil retaining structure is used for drainage. The biggest influence on the water retaining structure during construction is the huge water pressure caused by the water level difference and the setting time of concrete during construction. Because of the characteristics of concrete dams, we can use geotextiles and drainage pipes as drainage methods for slope protection. Laying geotextiles and water pipes on the slope protection surface or burying them on the slope protection and setting up a scientific drainage system can make the process get twice the result with half the effort; Because most water conservancy and hydropower projects are large in scale, they can meet the requirements of drainage to a certain extent. However, because the concrete section near Wenmen in the second phase project is small, it can't bear the impact of the river, and there will be water leakage. In order to solve this problem, we should seal the mold during pouring to ensure the quality of rough surface and joint surface. This method can effectively ensure the cleanliness and vibration of the joint surface and solve the water leakage phenomenon perfectly. Because of the different orientation, the waterproof materials we use in construction should also be replaced at any time. If the water stop is used, the type of water stop should be determined according to the width of the joint surface. The geological requirements of dam abutment can determine the waterproof technology in waterproof system.
Through the above research, we can clearly understand that the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects will be affected in many ways, because the main building is not small in scale and the construction process is long, which needs to be completed in stages. During this period, waterproof and drainage are related to the safety of construction personnel and the quality of the completed building. At the same time, it will also affect the water level difference of the river, so corresponding measures should be taken in time for the water surface of the dam, otherwise the quality of the whole process will be affected.
refer to
[1] Yang Kangning. Construction Technology of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering (2nd Edition) [M]. Beijing: China Water Resources and Hydropower Press, 2009.
[2] Li. Study on quality control of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction [J]. Science and technology promote development, 20 10 (2).
[3] Xie Yongjun. Compilation of concrete unit price budget in water conservancy and hydropower projects [J]. China Urban Economy, 20 1 1 (14).
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