1: Complete essays on graduation thesis of traditional Chinese medicine
Discussion on the Teaching Reform of Physiology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Specialty
Abstract: Physiology is a very important basic course in medical courses.
According to the teaching requirements, students majoring in traditional Chinese medicine should also study physiology.
What do we think of students at this level? Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine? New teaching methods can improve teaching efficiency.
Keywords: physiology of traditional Chinese medicine, integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine
As a physiology teacher, facing the students majoring in Chinese medicine, how to highlight the characteristics of Chinese medicine and learn the basic knowledge of physiology is the key to learn Chinese medicine well.
In the teaching of traditional Chinese medicine, we have gradually explored some more effective methods, namely, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine? .
1 Requirements for teachers
Physiology is a science that studies normal body functions and activities.
It plays an important role in the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine and is also the basis for learning western medicine well.
However, before studying physiology, students majoring in traditional Chinese medicine often learn the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine, especially the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine? Dirty image science? Part, equivalent to Chinese medicine? Human physiology? .
Traditional Chinese medicine's understanding of physiological process is self-contained. When students are exposed to western medicine physiology, these two different theoretical systems will cause difficulties for students' learning and understanding.
Therefore, as a teacher who graduated from a western medicine college, mastering basic theoretical knowledge of TCM, basic theoretical knowledge of TCM, basic theoretical knowledge of TCM diagnostics can not only expand his knowledge level, but also help to discuss with students better [1].
In addition, teachers need to face up to a new problem: how to deal with students who get a lot of information from the internet? It urgently requires college teachers to constantly replenish academic nutrients, broaden their academic horizons and update their academic concepts, so as to maintain their enthusiasm for new academic knowledge and thus actively and timely inject fresh blood into their academic life [2].
This teaching and research section requires teachers to study the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine and related disciplines in their spare time outside classroom teaching to expand their knowledge level; On the other hand, using modern network technology, actively pay attention to frontier academic trends, understand academic hotspots, participate in scientific research activities, and write scientific research articles.
2 What should theoretical teaching do? Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine?
Both Chinese and western medicine are sciences, but their respective research methods, means and development background have formed two different theoretical systems [3].
In theoretical teaching, try to find some common points between physiology and traditional Chinese medicine, and combine them in teaching, so as to build a communication platform between the theoretical systems of Chinese and western medicine [4].
First, we integrate the contents of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine, with the same connotation, but different formulas.
For example, when studying the introduction chapter, according to the content of internal environment steady state, we compare the universal laws of unity of opposites and relative stability of life activities with the theory of unity of opposites of Yin and Yang, that is, opposition restriction, mutual utilization, fluctuation balance and mutual transformation, so that students can understand the general outline of Chinese medicine theory on the basis of mastering internal environment steady state. Yin-yang theory? [3] Have a deeper understanding.
For another example, when teaching the physiological functions of organs, we compare the related functions of zang-fu organs in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine: the pumping function of the heart in western medicine is consistent with the function of the central control of blood vessels in traditional Chinese medicine; The main function of western medicine liver is to store blood and promote digestion, which is consistent with the function of Chinese medicine liver. In western medicine, urine production is the main function of kidney, which is consistent with the function of kidney in Chinese medicine.
Pass? Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine? Methods The two theoretical systems were infiltrated, complemented and integrated, and built a bridge for students to integrate traditional Chinese and western medicine.
Secondly, in addition to comparing these general points, we also put forward the differences between Chinese and western medicine in understanding the physiological functions and meanings of organs, so that students can better understand and remember them.
For example, what is the explanation of heart function in traditional Chinese medicine? Hide the gods, master the blood? It includes not only the functions of cardiovascular system in western medicine physiology, but also some functions of nervous system.
3 experimental teaching? Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine?
Physiology is an experimental science, and all its theories come from experiments [5].
Experimental teaching can cultivate students' practical operation ability.
For example, in the experiment of arterial blood pressure regulation, students can master the operation methods of intravenous injection and arterial intubation by injecting heparin, urethane and other drugs into the ear margin of rabbits and then intubating the common carotid artery.
At the same time, by pulling, clamping the common carotid artery and electrically stimulating the vagus nerve, the related theory of hypotension reflex is verified, which makes students understand these knowledge more thoroughly and remember them more firmly.
Experimental teaching is the best way to cultivate students' practical operation ability and scientific research thinking. Teachers should not only instruct students how to do physiological experiments well, but also instruct students how to acquire corresponding theoretical knowledge through experiments.
At the same time, in the routine experimental project, we also specially added some contents of Chinese medicine to improve the learning interest of Chinese medicine students.
For example, Experiment 5: Regulating arterial blood pressure, students can be advised to observe the influence of Panax notoginseng on arterial blood pressure; We can also observe the effect of Radix Aucklandiae on small intestinal smooth muscle.
4 Treat it differently according to different majors.
In our school, there are both liberal arts students and science students majoring in Chinese medicine. The starting point of students is quite different, and the teaching time of physiology is limited.
Therefore, as a physiology teacher, we should arrange the teaching content according to the students' different majors and different knowledge levels, of course, on the premise of ensuring to master the basic content.
For example, the formation mechanism of bioelectricity is familiar to pharmacy majors, and students are not required to master its detailed process; However, for Chinese medicine majors, this part needs to be fully understood and mastered.
Through this different treatment of different majors and different levels, in the limited class hours, it not only covers the basic principles and knowledge points of physiology, but also highlights the characteristics and key points of each major.
5 Grasp the key points and break through the difficulties.
For students majoring in traditional Chinese medicine, there are many physiological contents and few class hours. If we take. Cramming at the last minute? It is difficult for students to accept new teaching methods.
Therefore, in order for students to master the basic knowledge to the greatest extent in a limited time, teachers must grasp the key points of each chapter and break through the difficulties.
Grasping the key points is to explain the key knowledge required by the outline in detail.
For example, the regulation of respiratory movement focuses on the reflex regulation of breathing, and chemical sensory reflex is particularly important.
Therefore, the effects of chemical factors such as CO2, O2 and H+ on respiration are mainly taught in class, with emphasis on key points and distinct levels.
It is also conducive to guiding students to grasp the key points for self-study and review.
For the more difficult content, that is, the content that students find difficult to understand and master, metaphors can be used to make it easier.
By grasping the key points and breaking through the difficulties in teaching, students can grasp the key points, distinguish between primary and secondary, and understand the main contents more deeply in the learning process.
refer to
[1] Yu Chang, Yu Huarong. Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine? Application in physiology teaching [J]. Journal of Chinese Medicine Management, 2012,20 (4): 339-340.
[2] Wen Juhua, Chen Yi, Deng Bingxiang, et al. Experience in physiology teaching of five-year Chinese medicine specialty [J]. Medical Education, 201,18 (3): 1 16.
[3] Li Baolan, Han nationality. Exploration on the reform of physiology teaching mode in experimental class of traditional Chinese medicine in our school [J]. China Community Physician, 20 13, 15 (8): 363.
[4] Xiao Aijiao, Min Jianxin, Wu Qinghua. Research on the Application of PBL Teaching Method in Physiology Teaching of Medical Majors in TCM Colleges [J]. Journal of yichun university, 2013,35 (3):154-156.
[5] Liu Haimei, Yan Fuman, Xu, et al. Discussion on the implementation of TBL teaching method in physiology in colleges and universities of traditional Chinese medicine [J]. Basic medical education, 20 12, 14 (7): 489-49 1.
Complete essays on graduation thesis of traditional Chinese medicine II
Analysis on the Challenges and Countermeasures of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Since its establishment, the clinical basic medicine of traditional Chinese medicine has done a lot of work in discipline construction, but the current situation is not optimistic, especially in discipline nature, discipline orientation, curriculum setting and so on.
Therefore, in the face of the current situation, we should actively respond in a strategic and planned way. On the existing basis, we should strengthen the classics to make up for the shortcomings, give full play to the original advantages of the discipline as far as possible, boldly reform and strive to innovate, so as to promote the rapid development of the discipline.
The State Council Academic Degrees Committee adjusted the professional catalogue of TCM disciplines, and merged three traditional classic courses, Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber and Febrile Diseases, into one basic clinical discipline of TCM.
Since then, various schools of traditional Chinese medicine have carried out discipline reform based on this model, and carried out various work with the new clinical basic discipline of traditional Chinese medicine.
Although there are different views on basic clinical disciplines from the beginning, teaching, scientific research and clinical work are still carried out in this way.
Looking back on the nearly eight years since the establishment of the new discipline, new progress has been made in all aspects, especially the overall appearance of the discipline has a new feeling.
However, judging from various specific circumstances, the current situation is not optimistic.
Chinese medicine; Clinical medicine; Current situation; Countermeasures
1 objective evaluation of subject status quo
Since the establishment of the basic clinical discipline, from the overall development of the discipline, it should be said that there are advantages and disadvantages, mixed feelings.
It is an unavoidable and important task to evaluate and analyze this objectively in the current development of disciplines.
1. 1 the dilemma of the discipline
Although the establishment of basic clinical disciplines has had some beneficial effects on the development of traditional Chinese medicine, there are obviously serious problems.
To sum up, we mainly face three difficulties.
First, the merger of Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber and Treatise on Febrile Diseases is the result of administrative divisions, and should be scientifically demonstrated before the merger.
But so far, in practical work, or? Three? Separate from each other, and there is basically no big change before the merger.
So, it is far from being produced? Together? Effect.
Secondly, due to historical reasons, the development of the original works of Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber and Treatise on Febrile Diseases in various schools is unbalanced. Some typhoid fever majors are very strong, and some may have a high level of research on synopsis of the golden chamber and febrile diseases.
After a simple merger, the original advantages of the three courses will be diluted.
Perhaps the original intention is to promote construction with Excellence, so as to drive all * * * to move forward together.
However, the result is mutual involvement and restriction, which interferes with the development process of the discipline.
Third, without a new unified teaching material, the teaching will remain unchanged, and it is impossible to show it at all? Clinical basis? The characteristics or uniqueness of.
What is the result of the merger of the three courses? A platter? Similarly, it is only a form, not the core content that runs through the whole.
1.2 Overview of subject advantages
Any new thing has a vibrant side. Therefore, the emergence of basic clinical discipline as a new discipline also has certain advantages.
Based on reasoning, its advantages are mainly reflected in three aspects.
First, the professional scope has been broadened.
Because the basic clinical discipline covers the rich contents of Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber and Treatise on Febrile Diseases, its research scope is obviously expanded compared with the original discipline, and the research content can be more flexible.
Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber and Treatise on Febrile Diseases all have unique theoretical systems and treatment contents, but there are some similarities in the diagnosis and treatment of exogenous fever and internal injuries.
Therefore, breaking the original disciplinary framework, we can conduct in-depth research on these cross-contents, and change the phenomenon of less such research in the past.
Secondly, the original academic thinking mode has been updated.
In the past, the three courses were independent and immediate, and most of them were irrelevant in academic thought.
For example, although the formation of Treatise on Febrile Diseases is closely related to Treatise on Febrile Diseases, it is rarely related to Treatise on Febrile Diseases in specific research ideas.
For another example, Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber were written by Zhang Zhongjing. Although their respective emphases are different, their academic thoughts are completely consistent.
However, few scholars have made academic research on it.
Therefore, after the merger of the three courses, it can play a very good role in promoting academic development, especially for the in-depth study of Zhongjing theory.
Thirdly, it provides a broad space for improving the comprehensive ability of graduate students in this field.
Epidemic febrile diseases is a specialized subject to study exogenous fever. Treatise on Febrile Diseases also contains many theories and methods about exogenous fever. The former mainly discusses the fever caused by pathogenic factors of epidemic febrile diseases, while the latter mainly studies exogenous fever caused by pathogenic factors of cold.
At this point, the two have both similarities and strengths, and the research is not comprehensive.
In the original discipline, the theory, experiment and clinical research of graduate students are bound to be limited by the research field of this discipline, which is not conducive to the cultivation of their overall academic level and ability.
And after the merger of disciplines, this was broken? Bottleneck? Graduate students will stand at a new height in the process of writing their thesis, and their tutors will also train them from the perspective of syndrome differentiation and treatment of exogenous fever to improve their practical ability and scientific research ability in diagnosing and treating diseases.
2 Analysis of the causes of discipline dilemma
In order to fundamentally change the problems existing in clinical basic disciplines, it is very important to find out its key links.
The author believes that the main reasons for the poor status of clinical basic disciplines at present are the vague nature of disciplines, inaccurate orientation of disciplines and rigid curriculum.