English learners' difficulties in reading and their solutions
The traditional foreign language teaching in China is based on the bottom-up model. Restricted by the traditional teaching mode, China pays more attention to grammar and vocabulary than to the cultivation of pragmatic competence. Let the students "see the trees but not the forest". In reading, paying attention to intensive reading is more important than extensive reading. It can be said that reading is only for exams. Many foreign language learners have studied foreign languages for many years, but they still can't read foreign languages and newspapers effectively, and there are many reading difficulties, which generally include the following aspects:
The traditional foreign language teaching in China is based on the bottom-up model. Bound by the traditional teaching mode, English learning attaches importance to grammar and vocabulary, and ignores the cultivation of language application ability. In this teaching mode, students can't see the forest for the trees. In reading, intensive reading is more valued than extensive reading. In other words, reading is only for exams. Many foreign language learners can't read foreign books and newspapers effectively. Although they have studied English for many years, they still have difficulties in reading. Generally, it includes the following aspects:
1. Lack of vocabulary and ignorance of idioms.
Lack of vocabulary and understanding of idioms
Rich vocabulary is the premise of improving reading ability. I don't have enough vocabulary to read smoothly, and I can't understand sentences well, let alone understand articles accurately. Therefore, the limited vocabulary greatly hinders effective reading and obtaining effective information. As we all know, idioms are the condensation of a country's culture. It reflects the thinking and lifestyle of people in a country. Idioms in English are concise in structure and may have unexpected meanings. Therefore, as a foreigner, it is difficult to understand the meaning of those vivid idioms without in-depth study, which will also affect reading. It is undoubtedly extremely important for the daily accumulation of words and idioms. The use of word formation is very important for words. Many associative words can be remembered regularly through word formation. For idioms, we should use our eyes that are good at discovering new things, pay more attention to idioms used in different contexts in Britain and America, and be good at summarizing idioms. Secondly, guessing is also a very practical and effective method to deal with new words. Among them, we can guess the specific meaning of the word by the context in which it is located or by the related synonyms appearing near it in the text. In short, the understanding of words and expressions can be obtained in many different ways.
Rich vocabulary is the premise of improving reading ability. The lack of vocabulary leads to poor reading, which makes learners unable to understand sentences, let alone understand the whole article accurately. Therefore, the limited vocabulary greatly hinders the acquisition of effective reading and effective reading ability. As we all know, English idioms are simple and clear in structure, and may have some unexpected meanings. As foreigners, if we don't study idioms deeply, it will be difficult to understand their flexible meanings, which will affect reading. There is no doubt that it is very important to accumulate words and idioms every day. Similarly, word formation is also very important for words. Students can memorize related words regularly through word formation. For idioms, students should pay attention to idioms used in different contexts with their eyes that are good at discovering new things. Besides, students should be good at summing up idioms. Secondly, "guessing" is an effective way to deal with new words. Students can guess the meaning of the new words according to the context, or guess A Ning according to the synonyms adjacent to the new words appearing in the text. In short, students can understand words and phrases in different ways.
2. Lack of relevant background knowledge
Lack of relevant background knowledge.
Lack of English background knowledge is another important factor affecting reading ability. Background knowledge consists of all-encompassing knowledge, including culture, art, customs, religious traditions and legends. Because it involves a wide range, it is difficult to cover everything. But every reading is attached to a certain cultural background, so the knowledge of cultural background largely determines students' acceptance of reading information and understanding of the article. In this regard, browsing magazines, watching news and listening to lectures are all effective ways to acquire new background knowledge. In addition, with the rapid development of information technology, network resources are also a good helper to acquire knowledge.
The lack of relevant background knowledge is another key factor affecting reading ability. Background knowledge consists of comprehensive knowledge such as culture, art, customs, religious traditions and legends. Because of its wide scope, it is difficult to touch every aspect of the problem. Every kind of reading is attached to a certain cultural background. Therefore, the knowledge of cultural background largely determines students' acquisition of reading information and understanding of the text. Therefore, browsing magazines, watching news and listening to lectures are effective ways to gain background knowledge. In addition, with the rapid development of information technology, network resources are a good helper to acquire knowledge.
3. Lack of reading skills
Lack of reading skills
The lack of reading skills mainly includes two aspects: on the one hand, the reading speed is too slow, on the other hand, the reading volume is too small. Many English learners read word for word while reading. When they come across new words, they will look them up in the dictionary. If you don't look it up in the dictionary, it's difficult to continue reading. This will cause reading interruption, thus affecting reading comprehension. On the other hand, extensive reading becomes intensive reading, and the reading speed is too slow, which leads to a small amount of reading and greatly affects reading efficiency. This problem should be improved by mastering reading learning skills. Really using different reading skills in collocation articles to achieve the unity of reading speed and efficiency is helpful to better reading.
The lack of reading skills mainly includes two aspects: one is the slow reading speed, and the other is the small reading volume. Many English learners read the text word for word while reading. When a new word appears, they will look it up in the dictionary, or they will hardly continue. This way will interrupt reading and affect reading comprehension. On the other hand, this reading mode changes extensive reading into intensive reading. The slow reading speed leads to a small amount of reading, which greatly affects the reading efficiency. Students should solve this problem by mastering reading skills. Using different reading skills in different texts can achieve the unity of reading speed and reading efficiency, which is helpful for better reading.