? Paper Keywords: thinking to cultivate innovative thinking of college students
? Cultivating college students' innovative ability is an important task that every higher education worker must face directly and has faced directly. Innovative thinking is the core and soul of innovative ability, and the cultivation of innovative ability is fundamentally the cultivation of innovative thinking ability. This paper expounds the meaning and characteristics of innovative thinking, the social needs of innovative thinking and the cultivation and training of innovative thinking of college students. ?
1 Cognition and Innovative Thinking
To understand innovative thinking, we must first understand what innovation is. The word innovation is one of the most frequently used words in China and even in the world. At the same time, "innovation" is a very old word. In English, innovation comes from Latin. The Latin root "nova" of "innovation" means "new", and the prefix "in" leads to verbalization, which means updating and creating what already exists.
Innovative thinking ability is the core of innovative ability. As the saying goes, "thinking determines the way out." Without innovative thinking, we can't think of innovative methods. Without innovative methods, there can be no innovative activities and innovative results.
Compared with traditional thinking, innovative thinking is a thinking process of seeking new and unique solutions to problems without being bound by ready-made ideas. The process of innovative thinking is the process of developing divergent thinking of the brain. Innovative thinking refers to a kind of thinking that actively promotes the transformation of thinking and seeks results from various angles in a unique and novel way when exploring the unknown. In essence, innovative thinking is a thinking that comprehensively uses image thinking and abstract thinking, breaks through convention and innovates in process or result. The essence of innovative thinking is illogical thinking. Innovative thinking is a kind of thinking that needs conscious training and special training, and can be optimized in training and exercise. Innovative thinking is the soul and core of creativity.
2 the social needs of innovative thinking
In recent years, China's higher education has made great progress. In terms of quantity, the enrollment scale of each school is constantly expanding, but at the same time, there is also the problem of difficult employment for college graduates. Is the social demand for college students saturated? The reasons for this phenomenon are very complicated. On the surface, it is mainly because the talents trained by universities cannot adapt to the changes of society and meet the long-term needs of society, resulting in a relative surplus of talents and difficulties in employment. However, if we delve into its root causes and analyze it from the perspective of university education, it is not difficult to draw a conclusion that this is mainly caused by weak cultural accomplishment, narrow professional education, heavy utilitarian orientation and strong * * * constraints, and the lack of innovative consciousness and innovative ability training is precisely its outstanding performance. With the acceleration of social knowledge and frequent career changes, it is difficult for college students who are simply satisfied with school book knowledge to adapt to social changes. Therefore, the quality of talents depends largely on their innovative consciousness and ability, which is the weak link of higher education in China. We often say that it is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. For college students, innovative thinking is the most basic innovative ability. Only with innovative thinking can we solve innovative problems with innovative thinking.
3 the connotation of cultivating college students' innovative thinking ability
Thinking ability is the core part of the intellectual structure of innovative talents, which plays an important role in innovative activities and plays a leading and decisive role. Students in higher vocational colleges have the potential for innovation, and creators who are interested in innovation should consciously and diligently cultivate their thinking ability.
3. 1 Mastering scientific thinking methods From the perspective of thinking, the main forms of thinking are: concept, judgment and reasoning; Thinking methods mainly include: analysis and synthesis, comparison and classification, abstraction and generalization, induction and deduction, systematization and concretization. These are the methods that people must rely on to think effectively. Mastering innovative thinking will greatly promote the cultivation of innovative talents' thinking ability. In addition, people should also study the thinking process scientifically, which can follow three ways: first, study their own thinking process by studying the history of science, learn from it and master the science of thinking; Second, we can study the thinking process of people around us by observing their work, and explore how they ask, analyze and solve problems, and then turn them into principles to guide their own thinking; Third, we can look for the lessons of success and failure by recalling the past thinking process as a reference for future thinking.
3.2 Habitual innovation to cultivate independent thinking starts from the problem, and thinking also starts from the problem. For innovative talents, we should develop the habit of independent thinking and positive thinking, which will help people find problems, ask questions and embark on the road of innovation. Einstein once said: "To develop the general ability of independent thinking and independent judgment, we should always give priority to the acquisition of professional knowledge. If a person has mastered the basic theory of this subject and learned to think and work independently, he will certainly find his own way and adapt to progress and change better than those who mainly cultivate detailed knowledge. "
3.3 Accumulate in-depth thinking experience, knowledge and ability, promote each other and improve together. Rich experience and extensive knowledge can promote the development of thinking ability. In fact, in the process of thinking, people ask questions, analyze problems, put forward hypotheses and test hypotheses, which are closely related to the accumulation of their knowledge and experience. Rich knowledge and experience can help doctors diagnose diseases effectively; Can help employees to use their skills effectively; It can help teachers teach and educate people effectively. In thinking practice, through in-depth thinking, accumulate experience, and lay the foundation for future thinking.
3.4 The structural system for establishing the structural thinking ability of rational thinking includes analytical ability, comprehensive ability, comparative ability, abstract ability and generalization ability. These five abilities are interrelated and mutually restricted, and the thinking process is completed through integration. In order to cultivate excellent thinking ability, innovative talents must develop these five abilities organically and in a balanced way, making them a reasonable thinking structure.
3.5 The quality of developing comprehensive thinking The basic quality of thinking consists of thinking breadth, thinking depth, thinking flexibility and thinking independence. These four qualities all occupy a certain position and play a certain role in thinking ability. For innovative talents, the most important thing is the comprehensiveness of thinking, that is, to develop the comprehensive thinking quality of innovative talents on the basis of the above four basic qualities, so as to comprehensively observe, analyze and solve problems in the process of innovation.
4 Effective ways to cultivate college students' innovative ability
Generally speaking, innovative talents cultivated by schools refer to talents with innovative consciousness, innovative thinking, innovative ability and innovative personality. Innovative talents are not only all-round talents, but also all-round talents, and continue to make greater contributions to social material civilization and spiritual civilization on this basis. Therefore, we must proceed from the reality of colleges and universities, take practical measures, implement the cultivation of innovative thinking, and earnestly promote the cultivation of innovative talents.
4. 1 Strengthening the sense of innovation in education is a powerful driving force that is not satisfied with the status quo and insists on innovation and creation according to objective needs. With consciousness, we can start innovative thinking, seize innovative opportunities and obtain innovative results. For college students, we should first strengthen the education of innovative motivation; Secondly, strengthen the education of the concept of innovation subject, break through the ideological fetters of seeking stability and obeying rules, and cultivate students' innovative consciousness.