In the history of China literature, there are countless art forms that attract the attention of the whole world. Chinese painting is regarded as the quintessence of Chinese culture; Calligraphy chinese odyssey; Poetry and songs have a place. From ancient times to the present, many talented people and scholars have devoted themselves to the profound Chinese civilization, but few have achieved anything, and they are all rare. Su Shi, however, is a rare leader. His erudition is the envy of future generations.
In the glorious Song Dynasty, there was a family in which three fathers and sons became outstanding writers, and the representative of this family was Su Shi, a great literary master. He was the most outstanding litterateur in Song Dynasty, and made unique achievements in poetry, writing, calligraphy, painting and literary theory. Wang Yang is one of the "Eight Masters" in Tang and Song Dynasties. His articles are bold and fluent. His poems are fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggerated metaphors and unique in artistic expression. Su Shi's ci is unconventional, and his own mind and life experience are integrated into his ci, forming a distinctive personality characteristic different from his predecessors. He sang the voice of "a great man in Kansai, a bronze clapping iron plate" with the talent of learning to be an official, which washed away the "beautiful fragrance" in the literary world, refreshed the world and opened up another new world. A song "Jiangchengzi? "Hunting in Mizhou" vividly shows the infinite boldness in my heart: "The old man talks about juvenile madness, the left is yellow, and the right is pale ..." One Song "Nian Nujiao? Looking back on the past in Chibi is even more heroic: "The rocks are empty, the waves beat on the shore, and thousands of piles of snow are rolled up ..." A poem "Butterfly Lovers" also highlights the emptiness of his mind. "There are few willow flowers blowing on the branches, and there are no fragrant grass in the world ..." A generous word, a hearty laugh and a poem that I have never heard before are woven into a resounding name.
Due to his rich experience and profound knowledge, Su Shi's articles have broken through numerous red tape, and many chapters strive to express profound ideological artistic conception freely and accurately. Give full play to the articles advocated by Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan. He injected his broad-minded talent and outstanding talent into his writing, making it chic, elegant and lively. Rich imagination and broad vision make his works varied and eclectic, which can't be closed by urban laws. Some are euphemistic, some are witty and broad, some are generous and heroic ... all of them are elegant in artistic conception, full of charm and natural. This is not only because he is knowledgeable and eclectic, but also because of his creative pursuit and life realm. Everything makes him a milestone in the literary history of the Northern Song Dynasty!
When it comes to China's calligraphy, people can't help thinking of Su Shi. He has made great achievements in China's calligraphy field and occupies a decisive position. His calligraphy, like his writing style, is calm, vigorous, bold and vigorous, which is quite different from his predecessors and shows his own calligraphy style. The "book impermanence law" he pursued is also a generation of celebrities, which makes future generations feel infinite. It is in this sentence that the infinite mystery of "It is not enough to retreat into a mountain, but to understand God after reading thousands of books" is revealed.
What I admire most is not Su Shi's brilliant pen, brilliant literary talent and vigorous font, but his wonderful character.
He is an out-and-out optimist, and he remained calm when his position was lowered; He is a moralist who shows sympathy for others and is willing to spend all his money for ordinary people. He is a rambler walking around the world, leaving countless famous sentences for the world; He is a humorous writer full of knowledge. Even the teasing between brother and sister is full of "what's wrong", and all this is the origin of his good nature. It is Su Shi's excellent quality and rich literary talent that make other poets far behind, let alone compare with each other. Although later scholars have their own strengths, it is difficult to surpass this "originator of wild school".
The development of China culture is like a river, with hundreds of rivers flowing into it. There are ripples, beautiful scenery, rough waves and boundless clouds. It is the investment of countless literati that makes it colorful. If there is only one kind of scenery in this river, no matter how beautiful it is, it will lose its freshness and vitality. Su Shi, on the other hand, injected the water potential of "flying stones flying through the air, crashing into the shore, rolling up thousands of piles of snow ……" into this gentle current, making it from tender to passionate, from narrow to broad, from vague to boundless, making it thousands of miles away and completely new!
Su Shi (1037-111) is Zi Zhan, with the word He Zhong and the name Dongpo Jushi. Meishan, Meizhou (now meishan county, Sichuan). A writer and well-known painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Together with his father and brother, they are called "Three Sus". He received a good family education from an early age and studied hard. When he was young, he was rich in historical and cultural knowledge and showed many artistic talents. In the second year of Injong Jiayou (1057), when he was admitted to Jinshi, the master Ouyang Xiu saw his article and shouted "Quick! Come on! " From 65438 to 0059, he served as the judge of Fengxiang House in Dali. Yingzong acceded to the throne and served as Dali Temple. During Zongshen's reign, he was appointed as Doctor Taichang and Kaifeng official. Due to disagreement with Wang Anshi's political views, he requested an external post, was sentenced to Hangzhou, and changed his knowledge to Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), someone in Yushitai quoted a poem criticizing the new law and was imprisoned for "blaspheming state affairs", which is the so-called Wutai poetry case. After he was released from prison, he was demoted to Yingyong, Huangzhou, and five years later, he was appointed as Yingyong, Ruzhou. Zhezong ascended the throne of Sima Guang and other old parties, and became a servant of the imperial court, a magistrate of Dengzhou, a scholar in Chinese literature, a scholar in Hanlin and a servant. However, due to disagreement with Sima Guang and other political views, he asked for a foreign post and learned about Hangzhou, Yingzhou and Yangzhou. Later, he served as a minister and servant of the Ministry of War, a scholar of Duanmingtang and a bachelor of Hanlin, and a minister of Shouli. In the eighth year of Yuan You (1093), the new party came to power again. He was demoted to Huizhou resettlement, and later he was demoted to another family in Danzhou (now Danxian County, Hainan Province) and Changhua Army resettlement on the charge of "ridiculing the first dynasty". Hui Zong acceded to the throne, transferred to Lianzhou for resettlement, and served as deputy special envoy and Yongzhou for resettlement. In the third year (1 10 1), Fu Yuan was pardoned and restored to the classical style. On his way back to the North, he died in Changzhou, posthumous title.
Su Shi's literary view comes down in one continuous line with Ouyang Xiu's, but he emphasizes the originality, expressiveness and artistic value of literature. He believes that composition should be "like running water, with no definite quality at first, but always do what you should do and always stop where you can't stop." The artistic realm of "natural arts and sciences, rich body" ("Thank the teacher's book"). Su Shi's prose works are rich, and he is also known as Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu. The style of the article is concise and smooth, and it is unrestrained. Shi Dehong's Postscript Dongpo (Left and Right Hands) Chi Ji said: "His prose is like water, and his waves are naturally written."
There are about 4,000 existing Su poems, which have a wide range of contents and diverse styles, but they are mainly bold and unconstrained, with changeable brushwork and romantic color, which has opened up a new road for the development of Song poetry. Xie Tiao's "The Original Poetry" said: "The realm of Su Shi's poetry has never existed in ancient and modern times, and everything in the world has been inspired by God." Zhao Yi's "Ou Bei Shi Hua" said: "It is a spectacular sight for a generation to take literature as poetry and go from Changli to Dongpo Yida. ..... Especially out of reach, born with a healthy pen, as cold as a sad pear, cut it together quickly. There is a hidden meaning that must be achieved, and there is no difficulty in showing it. Therefore, after Li and Du, it is a big family, not as good as Li and Du Chu. "
There are more than 340 poems written by Su Shi, which break through the narrow theme of writing about love and parting between men and women and have a wide range of social contents. Su Shi occupies a special position in the history of China Ci. He extended the spirit of the poetic innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty to the field of Ci, swept away the traditional style of Ci since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and created an unconstrained Ci school that kept pace with the graceful school, expanded the theme of Ci, enriched the artistic conception of Ci, broke through the boundary between poetry and poetry, and made great contributions to the innovative development of Ci. Liu Chenweng's Preface to Xinjiaxuan said: "The word reaches Dongpo, which is aboveboard, like poetry, prose and wonders of heaven and earth."
Su Shi is an outstanding writer in the history of China literature. He promoted the poetic innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty with his rich literary practice, and reached the peak in the creation of poetry, prose and ci. His literary achievements have aroused widespread concern of contemporary and post-modern scholars. Lu You and Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Haowen in the Jin Dynasty, Yuan Hongdao in the Ming Dynasty and Cha in the Qing Dynasty were all obviously influenced by him. Su Shi's thought of dance academy and self-sufficiency revealed in his works also had a bad influence on later literati. For details about his life, see History of the Song Dynasty, volume 338. There are complete works of Dongpo and Dongpo Ci.