Zhou Yu lived in an era of vicissitudes of life. He himself served as the highest military general on Sun Quan's side, and his military affairs were very busy. As usual, in this case, it is inevitable that you will not care about others. But Zhou Yu, on the contrary, is partial to elegance. For example, he loves music very much and has a high appreciation ability. If there is something wrong with the music playing, he will certainly be able to hear it. As soon as I heard this, I looked back at the performer, so that people at that time made this situation into a ballad: "The tune is wrong, Zhou Lang cares."
Of course, Zhou Yu in history is famous not only for these reasons, but also for his far-reaching political vision and outstanding military talent.
For example, Lu Su went into exile, Liu Ziyang advised Lu Su to vote for Bao Zheng, and Zhou Yu advised Lu Su to vote for Sun Quan. Zhou Yu said to Lu Su, "In the past, Ma Yuan replied to Emperor Guangwu that' in today's world, not only the monarch chooses his ministers, but also his ministers'. Today's master (referring to Sun Quan. -Author's Note) Pro-sages and nobles, Zena recorded differences, I heard the secret theory of sages. Carrying Liu's generation, the southeast is prosperous, adding fuel to the flames, and finally building the emperor base in time to match the charm of heaven. It is the autumn when the martyrs climb the dragon and attach the phoenix. My fonda, the first step is not to mind the words of Ziyang "(see the biography of the reflection of Lu Su). Although there are some absurd elements in Zhou Yu's remarks, one thing is certain: he wants to help Sun Quan establish a "foundation of imperial power", and Zhou Yu has always regarded this as his political goal in his future actions.
Zhou Yu once commanded many large and small battles, and the victories of these battles showed his outstanding military talents. But nothing can better reflect Zhou Yu's broad political vision and superb military command art than Battle of Red Cliffs. When Cao Cao led nearly 30 infantry in Wan Shuijun and claimed that 800,000 were going to attack Sun Quan, Sun Quan's counselor Zhang Zhao and others, frightened by Cao Cao's momentum, strongly advocated surrendering to Cao Cao. At this critical juncture, Zhou Yu and Lu Su correctly analyzed the situation of the enemy and ourselves by arguing with others, thus strengthening Sun Quan's confidence in resisting Cao Cao. Then, Zhou Yu personally commanded 50,000 soldiers and defeated Cao Jun in Chibi. After Cao Cao fled to the north, he could no longer go south. This enabled Sun Quan to consolidate and develop his power and eventually became an emperor. Battle of Red Cliffs's victory fully shows that Zhou Yu is a hero with far-sighted political vision and outstanding military talent. This is the main feature of Zhou Yu in history.
Just as Zhou Yu was an all-powerful hero in history and played a great role under certain historical conditions, Luo Guanzhong also arranged a very important position for Zhou Yu in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which made him play a very important role in his works.
As a historical novel, Romance of the Three Kingdoms is basically structured according to the historical development order. However, due to the long historical stage of description, the artistic structure of the book can obviously be divided into several components. Around Battle of Red Cliffs, it is one of the components of Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
Battle of Red Cliffs is an important battle that the author pays attention to. This campaign brought together the main military forces of Cao, Liu and Sun. In fact, it also brought together a large number of counselors and military commanders from three aspects, which enabled them to express their opinions and show their magical powers, and launched various complicated struggles in politics, military, light and dark, showing a magnificent and mysterious historical scene. It can be said that Battle of Red Cliffs is unparalleled in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, whether it is the battle momentum, the number of people participating in the war, the grandeur of the war scenes or the complexity of contradictions among all parties. How to express this complicated contradiction, and how to arrange so many characters into the artistic structure in an orderly way? The author arranges Zhou Yu, a figure with a tie function, to connect all kinds of contradictions with Zhou Yu in one way or another, and through Zhou Yu, the actions of all kinds of characters run through, thus showing the ideological character of each character and promoting the development of the plot.
Let's first take a look at how various figures on Sun Quan's side are connected through Zhou Yu. When Cao Cao was in Enemy at the Gates, Sun Quan's military command was quickly divided into capitulators and hawk factions. The hawk faction is represented by Zhang Zhao, and the hawk faction is represented by Lu Su. The contradiction between the main battle and the main surrender sharply appears in the works. In this case, although Sun Quan agreed to resist Cao Cao, he was worried that Cao Cao would get some troops from Yuan Shao and Liu Biao, and he was afraid that they could not resist, so he hesitated. At this critical moment, Wu Guotai said to Sun Quan: "My sister's last words said,' Fu Bo had something to say before he died: Zhang Zhao would never be asked about internal affairs, and Zhou Yu would never be asked about diplomacy. "Why don't you ask Gong Jin today?" Therefore, Sun Quan sent someone to Poyang to invite Zhou Yu, and the writer Luo Guanzhong put Zhou Yu in a pivotal position here. In other words, the contradiction between the main battle and the main surrender should be solved by Zhou Yu. In this way, the hawk and capitulators were attracted by Zhou Yu. It was Lu Su who came to see Zhou Yu first. First, he "recounted the past events in detail", which showed Lu Su's anxiety. Then write Zhang Zhao and other surrender factions to state their reasons, hoping that Zhou will support their surrender proposition, which shows the cowardice and selfishness of Zhang Zhao and others. Zhang Zhao and others just left, and Huang Gai and other hawks came to see Zhou Yu again to express their determination to die rather than surrender. This not only shows the courage of Cheng Pu and others. At the same time, it also wrote the basis for resisting Cao. And wrote to Zhu Gejin, Lv Meng and other civil servants and military commanders. Through the above description, Luo Guanzhong suddenly pushed Zhou Yu into the whirlpool of contradictions and conflicts, and Zhou Yu's attitude became the focus of contradictions. After Zhuge Liang's "intellectual stimulation", Zhou Yu's determination to resist Cao was further strengthened. Next, Zhou Yu saw Sun Quan and refuted Zhang Zhao's surrender claim as "pedantic Confucianism", and incisively analyzed Cao Cao's four bogeys for fighting: "The land in the north is uneven, and Marten and Han Sui are its future troubles, but after a long battle in the south, one bogey is also; The northern army is not familiar with the water war, holding a pommel horse to fight the boat, competing with Wu Dong, and the second taboo is also; It is also cold in the middle of winter, and there is no wormwood in the horse. Driving a foot soldier in China, traveling in rivers and lakes, acclimatized, causing more diseases and four taboos. " And pointed out: "It is today that the general captures." After such analysis, Sun Quan decisively decided to resist Cao Cao and ordered Zhou Yu, Lu Su, Cheng Pu and others to lead the troops to meet Cao Cao. The contradiction between the main battle and the main surrender was solved by Zhou Yu. As for the whole anti-Cao process in the future, Sun Quan's anti-Cao actions, such as Huang's "risky move", Kan Zexian's "fake surrender" and Pang Tong's "serial stratagem", were all carried out under the deployment of Zhou Yu. In this way, the writer organized all kinds of characters in Soochow in an orderly way through Zhou Yu's ties. Let them take their positions and take action.
In the process of resisting Cao, Liu Bei was an ally of Sun Quan. So as an ally, how did Liu Bei's various characters connect through Zhou Yu?
Through the artistic description in his works, Luo Guanzhong first created the objective situation that Liu Bei's side must unite with Sun Quan's side. This is that Liu Bei was defeated by Cao Cao in Dangyang and fled to Jiangxia. His strength is already very weak. In the case of Cao Cao and Enemy at the Gates, Liu Bei was in danger. Therefore, Zhuge Liang decided to unite with Sun Quan and use Wu Bing to resist Cao Cao. In this way, Liu Bei's life and death largely depend on Sun Quan. After Zhuge Liang came to Jiangdong with his joint grandson's anti-Cao mission, he arranged three language encounters for him in his works. The first encounter was a "war of words with Confucianism", which cleared Cao Cao's obstacles from the lower level. The second confrontation was "intellectually challenging Sun Quan", which prompted Sun Quan to make a decision against Cao Cao in advance. The third encounter was "an intellectual stimulus to Zhou Yu". As a result, the "intellectual shock" was successful, and Zhou Yu said, "I am at odds with the old thief!" Zhuge Liang's goal was achieved. From these descriptions, we can see that Zhuge Liang's principles and strategies for Liu Bei were realized through Zhou Yu. In this way, the anti-Cao activities of Liu Bei's various characters are linked with Zhou Yu's strategic deployment, and become an organic part of the whole anti-Cao movement, which is orderly integrated into the artistic structure of the novel.
As a link, Zhou Yu not only played a role in contacting the allied forces, but also brought the main enemy figures into the grand plan of Chibi. The novel begins with a battle. Sun's first battle failed for a period of time, because "Cao Jun was mostly a soldier of the Qing army and Xu, and he never learned to fight in the water. On the river, the warships could not stand long ago. " Because of failure, Cao Cao saw the shortcoming of his army-he did not learn to fight in water. So he sent Liu Biao to surrender to Cai Mao and Zhang Yun to practice the water army. Also because of the military defeat, Cao Cao adopted Jiang Gan's surrender plan. The object of Jiang Gan's surrender was none other than Zhou Yu, the highest military general of Sun Quan. So, since Jiang Gan surrendered, Cao Cao's characters were completely at the mercy of Zhou Yu. This is mainly due to Cao Cao's attempt to win over or use Zhou Yu. This is the medium for ICY to contact Zhou Yu. Then he wrote about Jiang Gan's surrender and Cai Zhong's and Cai He's false surrender. As a result, Zhou Yu used them to convince Cao Cao of Huang Gai's "False Surrender Book" sent by Kanze. Because Cao Cao wanted to use Huang Gai's surrender to break Zhou Yu, he sent Jiang Gan to Jiangdong to find out the truth. As a result, Zhou Yu used him to persuade Cao Cao to trust Pang Tong and accepted Pang Tong's "serial stratagem". First, in the process of persuasion and anti-surrender, utilization and anti-utilization, Cao Cao fell into the trap of Zhou Yu step by step, which led to the failure of the whole campaign. It can be seen that Cao Cao's actions and personality performance are inseparable from Zhou Yu's strategizing.
From the above brief analysis, we can see that the image of Zhou Yu is a pivotal figure connecting three people. Although Sun, Liu and Cao all contacted all aspects through Zhou Yu, Zhou Yu contacted all aspects in different ways because of their different relationships. For Sun Quan's subordinates, Luo Guanzhong made Zhou Yu play a unified command role; For Liu Bei's men, Luo Guanzhong let Zhou Yu play the role of being relied on and used; For Cao Cao's army, Luo Guanzhong let qi zhou play a role and play a leading role. In this way, Sun, Liu and Cao are organized like a net-like outline and woven into a proper and impeccable organic whole. This shows Luo Guanzhong's outstanding artistic talent! Zhou Yu in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the figure who sets off the main characters. The most important figure in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is Zhuge Liang, which Mao Zonggang called one of the "Three Musts". It is no exaggeration to say that only Zhuge Liang is the number one ideal figure that Luo Guanzhong focuses on shaping. Another important role of Zhou Yu's image is to set off Zhuge Liang.
Zhou Yu first appeared in the fifteenth time. During this period, in addition to Zhou Yu recommending Zhang Zhao and Zhang Hong to Sun Ce, he also wrote that Zhou Yu assisted Sun Ce in attacking Taishi Ci. However, the war with Taishi Ci was mainly about Sun Ce and Taishi Ci, and there were few descriptions about Zhou Yu. Since then, the author has been pressing Zhou Yu not to mention this character. Chapter 35 mentions Zhuge Liang for the first time. It first appeared in Chapter 36, "Liu Bei cheated Fan Cheng and Yuan Zhi recommended Zhuge", but there was not much positive description of Zhuge Liang. The real positive description of Zhuge Liang's words and deeds is in Chapter 38, "Decision in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Revenge by Sun Shi". During this period, the author described in detail the meeting between Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang. What is particularly interesting is that after this description of Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu was described 23 times. Mainly wrote three things: First, Zhou Yu prevented Sun Quan from sending his son to North Korea as a hostage; The second is to write that Zhou Yu was worshipped by Sun Quan as the viceroy; The third is to write Zhou Yu's attack on Huang Zu. After Zhuge Liang appeared, he wrote Zhou Yu again; Zhuge Liang is Liu Bei's strategist, and Zhou Yu is Sun Quan's viceroy. This shows how subtle the relationship between Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu is. This is certainly not a coincidence, but the author's intentional arrangement. The reason why Zhou Yu was not written in such a long twenty-three chapters is that Zhuge Liang has not yet appeared. As a set-off figure, only when the set-off figure appears can all his personality characteristics be fully displayed. After Zhuge Liang appeared, he continued to write about the battle between Cao and Liu. Liu Bei was defeated by Cao Cao in this great war. Liu Bei's failure is the direct realistic reason for the cooperation between Sun and Liu, and it is also the medium for Zhuge Liang to communicate with Zhou Yu. It was Liu Bei's failure that led to the cooperation between Sun and Liu, Battle of Red Cliffs, and Zhuge Liang's contact with Zhou Yu. It is in this process that Zhou Yu's image played a role in setting off Zhuge Liang, and finally perfected himself in the process of setting off Zhuge Liang, showing all typical personality characteristics. It is in the context of Zhou Yu that Zhuge Liang suddenly appeared in front of readers with his distinctive personality characteristics after he was young.
So, how did Zhou Yu in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms set off Zhuge Liang?
Before Battle of Red Cliffs, there was not much pen and ink about Zhou Yu, and his personality characteristics were not obvious. Starting from Battle of Red Cliffs, the author spared no effort to portray this image, and Zhou Yu's personality characteristics were fully displayed. The author sets off Zhuge Liang by shaping the image of Zhou Yu. A prominent feature of Zhou Yu's personality is narrow-minded, jealous of talents and short-sighted when dealing with complicated relationships. Zhou Yu in history is a generous and far-sighted person. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Luo Guanzhong's description of Zhou Yu in the novel is completely opposite. For example, in Chapter 44, "Zhuge Liang used his ingenuity to arouse Zhou Yu, and Sun Quan decided to defeat Cao Cao", it was written that Sun Quan decided to resist Cao Cao and ordered Zhou Yu to organize a battle against the enemy. Zhou Yu thinks that Sun Quan's determination to resist Cao is firm, but Zhuge Liang tells Zhou Yu that although Sun Quan has decided to resist Cao, he still has concerns, which should be further explained. After hearing this, Zhou Yu immediately went to see Sun Quan. Sure enough, Sun Quan's psychology is the same as Zhuge Liang's analysis. The novel wrote: "Zhou Yu thanked me and thought,' Kong Ming has long hoped for the heart of the marquis of Wu. Its plan is one head higher than mine. Might as well kill Jiang Dong for a long time. "It was only because of Lu Su's dissuasion that he was not killed. Later, many schemes were designed to kill Zhuge Liang. Although this is for the sake of "Jiangdong", it shows that Zhou Yu is narrow-minded, jealous of talents and can't tolerate people. At the same time, it also shows that Zhou Yu is short-sighted and lacks understanding of the significance of uniting against Cao. Imagine that if Zhou Yu really killed Zhuge Liang, the alliance between Sun and Liu might break down, which gave Cao Cao an opportunity. In this case, the result of Battle of Red Cliffs is hard to predict. Zhuge Liang is just the opposite of Zhou Yu. He not only knew Zhou Yu's persecution like the back of his hand, but also had a careful plan to deal with it. With Zhuge Liang's military talent, it is not very difficult to kill Zhou Yu. But Zhuge Liang is concerned about the overall situation of resisting Cao. His various strategies are based on consolidating the alliance between Sun and Liu and * * * resisting Cao. "Borrowing the arrow of Kongming" is very convincing. Zhou Yu asked Zhuge Liang to make 100,000 arrows in ten days, but the materials for making arrows were not available. This is intended to kill Zhuge Liang by military means. Zhuge Liang was well aware of this, but he did not retaliate against Zhou Yu in turn. Instead, he borrowed 100,000 arrows from Cao Cao with his own wisdom. It is in this comparative description that Zhou Yu's narrow-minded, jealous of talents and short-sighted, Zhuge Liang's magnanimity, the overall situation and foresight are clearly displayed in front of readers. Visible, Luo Guanzhong's description of Zhou Yu, is completely contrary to historical records, purely to set off Zhuge Liang.
Another obvious feature of Zhou Yu's personality is that he is impulsive, impulsive, not calm and cautious when things go wrong. This feature of Zhou Yu is vividly shown in Chapter 44, "Zhuge Liang used his wisdom to motivate Zhou Yu, and Sun Quan won the battle against Cao Cao". Zhuge Liang grasped this point and advised Zhou Yu to resist Cao. When Zhuge Liang met Zhou Yu, Zhou Yu deliberately told Zhuge Liang that he would surrender to Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang deliberately quoted Cao Zhi's "The Second Bridge is in the southeast, if it is in the sky?" The second sentence of "Jian" angered Zhou Yu, saying that Cao Cao wanted to take Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao from Jiangdong for himself. Because Sun Ce and Zhou Yu's wives are Da Qiao and Xiao Qiao, collectively known as "Er Qiao", Zhou Yu flew into a rage after hearing this, leaving his seat and pointing to the north to scold Japan: "It's too much for the old thief to bully me!" He said to Zhuge Liang, "I hope Kong Ming can help us defeat cao thief." . Zhou Yu's original intention was not to surrender to Cao. He deliberately said that he would intimidate Zhuge Liang and ask Zhuge Liang to help Liu Bei break Cao. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang caught the key and angered him. Zhou Yu lost his temper and easily fell into Zhuge Liang's trap. Instead, he asked Zhuge Liang to help break Cao. Its emotional characteristics are obvious. Since then, this feature has become more and more obvious. He sent Zhuge Liang to Giant Iron Mountain to burn Cao Cao's hay, in fact, he wanted to kill Zhuge Liang by Cao Cao's hand. Zhuge Liang knew Zhou Yu's intention, but he accepted the task smoothly and pretended that he really wanted to burn food and grass. At the same time, he sneered and said, "Our water war, foot war, horse war and car war are all wonderful. Why should we worry about their failing grades? They are no better than Gong He in Jiangdong. " Zhou only fought on water, not on land. Hearing this, Zhou Yu was furious: "Why can't you bully me into the sea? He doesn't have to go! I will lead 10,000 horses and go to Jutieshan to break the grain road. " In order to counter Zhuge Liang's ridicule, he ignored the responsibility of the commander-in-chief and personally gambled on the outcome. His emotional impulse and impulsive competition have reached such a serious level! Zhuge Liang saw that his goal had been achieved, so he reminded Zhou Yu that Cao Cao's grain and grass were heavily guarded, so how could it be easily burned! And warned Zhou Yu that it is important to break Cao with one heart and not harm each other. At this time, Zhou Yucai remembered that he wanted to use this trick to harm Zhuge Liang. Now Zhuge Liang has broken it and had to give up. After Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu, who wrote Sanqi, also showed the characteristics of Zhou Yu's impulsiveness and sensibility. Under the background of Zhou Yu's characteristics, Zhuge Liang showed his thoughtful, calm, far-sighted personality. In this regard, Mao Zonggang once criticized at the 57th session: "Zhou Yu, a teenager, can't stand his breath, and he is not as good as Kong Minger in studying and nourishing his breath." Shi Mao pointed out that Zhou Yu's study of nourishing qi was not as good as Kong Ming's, which was correct, but he didn't make a concrete analysis. In a word, the author sets off Zhuge Liang through Zhou Yu. It seems unfortunate that Zhou Yu, a hero who played an important role in history, was turned into a foil when he was written into historical novels. But from the perspective of literary development, I think that in the field of literature, Zhou Yu's role in historical novels is no less than that of Zhou Yu in Battle of Red Cliffs in history. It is really an honor for Zhou Yu to carry Zhuge Liang, an immortal model that shines through the ages.
In order to create a good image of Zhuge Liang, the most important figure in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Luo Guanzhong arranged more foil figures than Zhou Yu. Besides Zhou Yu, there are Cao Cao and Sima Yi. But their roles are completely different.
Judging from the time sequence of detonating Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu and Cao Cao were in the early stage, and Sima Yi was naturally in the late stage.
Although Zhou Yu and Cao Cao are both early foil figures, they certainly have different foil functions because of their different personality characteristics. Luo Guanzhong used Zhou Yu's outstanding military talents to make Zhuge Liang stronger than the strong. Cao Cao is also a master who is good at fighting. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms also uses Cao Cao's military talent to describe Zhuge Liang's military talent. More prominent, for example, when Cao Cao failed in Chibi, he laughed at Wulin, Hulukou and Huarong Road. "Zhou yu, zhuge liang is wise. What if I ambush an army here in advance when I fight? " But the laughter came to an abrupt end. Zhao Yun, Zhang Fei and Guan Yu were killed in three places respectively. This is to use Cao Cao's military talent to set off Zhuge Liang. However, after Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang rarely confronted each other, so the military background Cao Cao gave Zhuge Liang was quite limited. Since Cao Cao's reflection on Zhuge Liang is not mainly military, where is it mainly reflected? I think Cao Cao's reflection on Zhuge Liang is not reflected in one or two aspects, but shows a kind of "wholeness" In this regard, Mao Zonggang once pointed out in the first comment of the first 104 of the Review. Shi Mao believes that both Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang have been prime ministers, taking charge of state affairs and military power, and can be good at fighting, but Zhuge Liang is loyal and Cao Cao seeks to usurp; Zhuge Liang is for the public and Cao Cao is for the private; Zhuge Liang does not plan for future generations, but Cao Cao plans for future generations. From Shi Mao's exposition, it can be seen that Cao Cao's reflection on Zhuge Liang comes from his words and deeds all his life, which is the difference between "virtuous phase" and "treacherous phase". It is from this "wholeness" that readers feel the greatness of Zhuge Liang. This is an irreplaceable place for Cao Cao's foil and Zhou Yu's foil respectively.
Zhou Yu's reflection on Zhuge Liang is different from Sima Yi's reflection on Zhuge Liang. Apart from the time sequence, the main difference between them lies in the way of departure. Zhou Yu is Zhuge Liang's ally against Cao. Zhou Yu is narrow-minded, short-sighted, impulsive, emotional and careless in dealing with complex relationships, which mainly plays a comparative role with Zhuge Liang. Showing Zhuge Liang's personality characteristics through the comparison of allies is Zhou Yu's way of setting off. Sima Yi is Zhuge Liang's enemy, but Sima Yi is Zhuge Liang's positive contrast. It is Sima Yi's practice to further improve and enrich Zhuge Liang's personality through the positive comparison of hostile forces. Sima Yi, like Zhou Yu, also has outstanding military talents, a little deep understanding of the war, and is extremely good at using troops. Unlike Zhou Yu, Sima Yi is very cautious and patient, which is precisely Zhuge Liang's characteristic. Only by using Sima Yi's caution to set off Zhuge Liang's caution can we see the characteristics of Zhuge Liang's caution. For example, Sima Yi led 150,000 elite soldiers to the gate and saw Zhuge Liang playing the piano in an empty city with four doors wide open. Instead of attacking the city, he thought Zhuge Liang was "cautious all his life and never took risks." If the gate is opened today, there will be an ambush. If our army advances, it will fall into its trap, so it will retreat. It can be seen from here that Sima Yi's caution is only cautious, even timid. Zhuge Liang's caution is unique, unique. In addition, as a military commander, Sima Yi's patience is really extraordinary. For example, in the 103rd time, Sima Yi was killed by Zhuge Liang. For the disadvantage of Zhuge Liang's army, he had to go deep into the trench and build a high base. And this is exactly what Zhuge Liang is worried about. In order to provoke Sima Yi into battle. Zhuge Liang sent someone to give him a set of "women's clothes" to humiliate Sima Yi. Sima Yi was furious, but he accepted it with a smile, and "treated it with care" and "never mentioned military affairs", which made even Zhuge Liang have to gasp in admiration. If Zhou Yu is like this, he can't stand it anyway. Zhuge Liang, a typical image, finally showed all his personality characteristics against the background of Sima Yi. It can be seen that Zhou Yu and Sima Yi are in tandem, and both of them have played a role in setting off Zhuge Liang from different aspects.
When Zhou Yu, an all-powerful hero in history, was written into The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the author made artistic processing for him according to his creative intention. As a link in the artistic structure, Zhou Yu's image plays a foil role in shaping the main characters. These are actually two artistic techniques used by Luo Guanzhong in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These two artistic methods may not have been initiated by Luo Guanzhong, but they were applied to novel creation, and they were so successful, but they started with Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms. These artistic methods have a great influence on later novel creation. Studying the experience of Romance of the Three Kingdoms in this respect is also meaningful for our literary creation today.