John Maynard Keynes, an American educator, once said: "The formation of personality is influenced by habits, and fate is determined by personality", which highlights the importance of cultivating children's good living habits [1]. The cultivation of good living habits directly affects the formation of children's personality, moral character, ability, knowledge acquisition and physical and mental health. These effects will accompany the child for life and benefit the child for life. Once children form bad habits, they often need teachers and parents to spend ten times and one hundred times their energy to help correct them and suffer for life. The fundamental purpose of kindergarten teachers' work is to teach children to develop good living habits. First, because new children are unfamiliar with the surrounding environment, they urgently need to adapt to kindergarten life, which reflects the importance of habit-forming education and regular education. Secondly, children come from different families and are influenced by different family environments, which leads to great differences in children's living habits, reflecting the importance of family cooperation with kindergarten habits to develop education [2]. The cultivation of good living habits conforms to the characteristics of children's physical and mental development, and can make children form a healthy personality and adapt to new situations and environments.
First, aim at the educational goal of developing good living habits for small class children.
The goal is the destination and starting point of education. In order to optimize children's living habits and give full play to the role of education, we must set goals for the education of good living habits, follow the characteristics of children's physical and mental development, and set the overall educational goals according to the five major areas of children's etiquette education and kindergarten education-health, language, society, science, art and kindergarten education guidelines, and divide them into weekly goals and weekly goals.
Two, determine the content of small class children's good living habits education
Content is the carrier to achieve educational goals. According to the age characteristics of small-class children and the guiding outline of kindergarten education, we should focus on cultivating children's good living habits, including good sleeping habits, good clothing habits and good eating habits [4].
Third, create a good educational environment.
A good educational environment can effectively guide children into educational goals. In order to achieve the educational goal smoothly, we have created the corresponding educational environment such as spiritual environment and material environment from the aesthetic point of view, and achieved good results.
1. Mental environment. Form a harmonious interpersonal relationship and a relaxed and democratic atmosphere among children, children and teachers, parents and teachers, and faculty, and play light music during children's siesta and meal time.
2. Physical environment. In the process of educating small-class children about good living habits, according to the characteristics of children's vulnerability to environmental influences, prompt environments are arranged in appropriate places to remind children to seriously complete the task of good living habits. For example, stick the correct hand-washing method on the bathroom wall with an action diagram to remind children to wash their hands consciously and oppose hand-washing actions, thus deepening and consolidating children's behavior.
Fourth, create and optimize the educational methods for small class children to develop good living habits.
1. Adhere to positive education, encourage more and praise more. For children in small classes, the most effective education method is encouragement and praise. The experiment found that if the children were piled up with toys in the local school, if they were scolded loudly for picking up toys, the effect would be very poor. If children are encouraged to pick up toys with encouragement and praise, they will soon pick up toys on the ground. According to this characteristic of children, the garden has set up an appraisal column to show the progress of children in all aspects of their living habits with different stickers, such as red apples that are well eaten and five-pointed stars that actively go to school. And conduct a weekly appraisal, send red flowers to outstanding children and enhance their self-confidence in developing good living habits.
2. Make full use of every link in daily life. Small class children develop good living habits mainly from life, and daily activities are the basic channel for educating and cultivating children's good living habits. For example, when teachers teach children to wash their hands correctly, use tableware, move chairs and drink water, they can tell them the correct methods through collective teaching activities, and conduct individual guidance and practice until they form a habit.
3. Use games to stimulate children's interest in learning. If the teacher simply demonstrates and explains the actions of good living habits to the children, the children will feel bored and lose interest in learning. This teaching method violates children's characteristics, and games are the favorite activities of small class children, which is helpful for children to develop good living habits. Using regional games (such as "Skillful Hands"), children can practice life skills such as folding clothes and tying shoes. Using games, children's life skills can be exercised and consolidated, and the effect is remarkable.
4. Create interesting children's songs to improve children's interest in learning. The key to the success of the activity is the quality of educational methods. In the past educational activities, teachers generally used the form of preaching, and the educational effect received was poor. Therefore, according to the characteristics of young children, this garden has created simple, smooth and interesting children's songs, which has significantly improved their interest in learning. Such as: living hygiene habits-learn to wash your hands, and create a "hand washing song" according to the hand washing procedure. In addition, there are "dressing songs" and "gargling songs". When teaching children to master life skills, teachers can create short stories according to situations, which can stimulate their interest in learning.
Five, family education, form a joint force.
In the education of small class children's good living habits, it is necessary to rely on family education to achieve educational goals to a great extent. Therefore, parents' education and children's active cooperation are the prerequisites for children to develop good living habits [5]. By holding parents' open days and distributing articles on children's good living habits education, parents' family education concepts can be updated and corrected, and children's good living habits after leaving school can be consolidated and cultivated. Let parents feedback their children's situation at home to kindergarten teachers in time, become supervisors and inspectors of children's good living habits education, actively cooperate with teachers' education work, and make children's good living habits develop rapidly. Before the end of each semester, kindergartens let parents see their children's progress and development through practical activities and various forms of performances, which is conducive to getting better help and support from parents next semester.
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To sum up, it is of great significance for small class children to develop good living habits, and it is of great significance for children's ability to overcome difficulties, independence, emotion and intelligence development. How to further improve the education of small class children's good living habits needs further study and exploration of effective ways and methods.