Model essay on photography: "On the Art of Photography Teaching" is not easy to teach a good photography class, let alone give a good professional photography class to college students. As a part-time teacher, in the front line of art education and teaching, through lectures, interviews, questionnaires and surveys, the author found that quite a few professional teachers in colleges and universities are still teaching. Old three articles? : blackboard chalk, scripted, lack of passion. This kind of lecture looks like writing a composition, and everyone is writing it, but there are not many wonderful chapters, most of which are straightforward. what's up Label type? Hard paste? Commodity style? Unbeatable. To tell the truth, this kind of lecture took a lot of effort, but college students didn't buy it and didn't like it. Students can't master the knowledge they deserve, their quality is not high, and the teaching effect is minimal. In my opinion, teachers must pay attention to the art of teaching if they want to teach college photography well. To solve this problem, teachers must strive to achieve three words: novelty, emotion and vividness.
First, prepare lessons carefully, what is the content? New?
Content innovation, first, means to dig deep into content, expand new content and provide enough information for college students. The content of photography course changes rapidly, especially the appearance of digital technology and network technology, which has a great impact on traditional photography. In order to adapt to this change, photography teaching must? Keep pace with the times? . So you can't cling to old textbooks, you should stick to them? New information, large quantity, practical and topic-oriented? Principles of organizing teaching content. Photography class will only sound enjoyable if it provides students with the latest and most useful information in a limited time. Second, it refers to the innovative development of content, which should grasp the essence, occupy the commanding heights and stress the frontier. In the survey, it is found that one of the dissatisfied opinions of college students on teachers is? Teachers we know repeatedly say that teachers we don't know much omit to speak, teachers we don't know don't speak, and we don't do it after the teacher speaks. That is to say, these problems have not been handled well. Of course, sometimes teachers don't know for themselves. How can he make it clear?
Second, carefully explain the expression? Love?
This is research? What do you mean? problem
With good and up-to-date photographic knowledge, how to turn them into visible, audible, readable and analyzable objects, and let college students remember and master all the knowledge points through the teacher's language? This is another place that puzzles teachers. The author believes that only by giving full play to the function of emotion and explaining it in detail can it be solved. There are four main functions of emotion in listening to lectures: First, it is a dynamic function, that is, teachers' positive emotions can arouse college students' excitement, excitement and pleasant emotional experience, so that students are full of energy and actively participate in various classroom activities that they are interested in.
Therefore, every paragraph of the teacher's class should have feelings and try to show them naturally from the deep heart. Of course, this first requires teachers to love students and education. In this way, college students will learn happily under the emotional encouragement of teachers, and turn them into actions conducive to teaching. The second is the infection function, that is, the individual's emotions can affect others' emotions. That is to say, teachers' emotions can induce college students to have similar emotions, which are manifested in many aspects, such as warm infection based on care, love and trust, and demonstration infection based on stimulating comparison, learning and catching up. Teachers' care and trust will give students a strong appeal. The third is the regulatory function, that is, people's emotions have a regulatory effect on people's thoughts and behaviors.
This is particularly evident in the relationship between teachers and students. Harmonious teacher-student relationship is based on the positive feelings of teachers and students, which can stimulate their enthusiasm and wisdom and arouse their sense of responsibility and enthusiasm. Therefore, teachers should love and respect students, communicate with them in time, be considerate of students and strive to create a harmonious communication atmosphere between teachers and students. For example, give students a look of listening carefully, a look of trust and encouragement, the tone of a friend's discussion, an email to discuss problems and so on. , will achieve excellent results. The author believes that in class, teachers and students should be in close contact and communicate in partnership, which is conducive to publicizing students' personality, releasing students' thoughts, and making students truly masters of class, problems and learning. The fourth is the transfer function, that is, personal feelings for others will be transferred to things related to others.
Contemporary college students are full of emotions, emotional and easy to migrate. Their cognitive activities often depend on emotional experience. They often like this major because they like to listen to a teacher's professional class, and then devote themselves to this cause. Teachers must attract and infect students with positive images. Teachers' persistence and love for the photography art and all kinds of silent care that do not seek utilitarian returns undoubtedly have strong affinity and cohesion for students. ? It is upright and does not command; His body is not straight, although he disobeys? . Only when our teacher is a virtuous and knowledgeable person can college students realize positive emotional transfer. Love me, love my dog? , from this? Kiss his teacher and believe in his way? .
Third, ask questions with your heart. What are the methods? Live broadcast?
This is research? Who will speak? problem
The first is classroom interaction and a series of questions and answers. ? Knowledge is the premise and expression is the key? .
In photography class, music is a supplement. Teachers consciously use selected music that is in harmony with the photographic works and consistent with the classroom atmosphere when giving interactive lectures between teachers and students to guide students to think, observe, discuss and write their feelings in class? Teaching? , will achieve good results. This method can fully mobilize students' eyes, ears, hands, brain and heart, thus achieving the teaching purpose. College students like this atmosphere, and it is easier to accept the knowledge provided by teachers in this atmosphere.
The second is to make practice another teacher for students. Leave a practical project in each class, carefully design a creative theme, and ask students to finish it after class. Please come to the stage to talk about practical experience in the next class. Encourage every student to stand up and express their views, so as to stimulate college students' interest in learning and keep their attention in learning. Some teachers may have such confusion: what if students' initiative is mobilized and their study is fruitless? In fact, it is to stimulate students' interest in learning and let them master the correct learning methods. Isn't this the result? This fruitless result is the most important thing. Experienced an educational process, whether the result is achieved or not, in fact, the process itself is the result, which is intangible and precious. What is quality? This result is called quality. Many times, the results of education have not yet appeared, but the process has already existed. In this process, the thinking mode and learning initiative of college students have changed, which is a change in quality, which should be the goal of our education. It doesn't matter whether the student answers the question correctly or wrongly. The important thing is that he dares to express his opinion. It doesn't matter whether a student does something or not. The process of doing things is already very important. Because in this process, the internship is for college students? Class? . As Wang Yang, a girl from School of Humanities, Jianghan University, said: Photography class is not so much a course as a mirror, so that we can learn to look at ourselves from life and practice, and look at our living conditions, from which we can gain enlightenment and philosophy of life. ?
To sum up, in the teaching of photography in colleges and universities, teachers should conscientiously do three words: novelty, emotion and liveliness, and seriously solve the problems of what to say, how to say it and to whom, which will certainly be warmly welcomed by college students and will also receive good teaching results.
Model essay 2 on photography: On the composition of photography: In the art of photography, photographic composition has its own unique formal rules. A successful photographic work pays great attention to the layout of the picture, which not only conforms to the law of people's life, but also conforms to people's psychological and visual habits. Only by mastering these inherent laws can we convey the most beautiful and moving artistic image to the audience in the process of artistic practice.
Keywords: symmetrical balanced primary and secondary relations, golden section, blank picture
First, the meaning of the composition
What is composition called in traditional painting theory? Composition? 、? Layout? 、? Place of business? Wait a minute. Refers to the arrangement of images according to the needs of the picture to reflect the overall effect of the work. As the first step of photography, composition is complex and rich because of its special creative techniques. In fact, any art form has its inherent formal laws. Only by mastering these inherent laws can we convey the most beautiful and moving artistic image to the audience in the process of artistic practice. Although the formal laws of photographic composition are not dead, understanding these formal laws can avoid some primary mistakes; Mastering and applying these formal laws is a shortcut to shaping artistic images and revealing themes.
When designing the composition of photographic pictures, the most important thing is the balanced beauty of the composition. In daily life, everyone may have had the following experience: chair tilt will make people feel unstable. Most solemn and dignified things are symmetrical, such as the stone lions at the entrance of ancient palaces, which exist in pairs, giving people a symmetrical aesthetic feeling. Therefore, the picture balance of photographic works is very important in composition.
Second, the use of symmetry and balance in the picture.
Symmetry symbolizes a high degree of neatness. For example, the symmetrical beauty of butterfly shape and wing pattern has always been appreciated by people, and symmetrical pictures are often seen in photographic works. However, most photographic works do not pursue semi-symmetry in composition, but deliberately aim at the visual balance of the picture.
The balance of photographic picture layout is a measure of the stability of all visible images in the picture by people's visual and psychological habits. In photographic composition, absolute symmetry will give people a feeling of stillness, formality and monotony, and people's aesthetic requirements in life are still mostly the pursuit of balance. Too much symmetry will make people feel dull and lack vitality. And balance is to break the relatively rigid situation, both? Both? On the one hand, there is a flexible side. Structural balance means that the scenery of each part of the picture should echo and contrast to achieve balance and stability. The range of balance includes the contrast of images in composition: people and people, people and things, big and small, dynamic and static, bright and dark, high and low, virtual and real, and so on.
For photographers, the balance of layout is the result of ideal structure, so we should deal with the problem of balance, that is, the problem of picture structure. As two major components of photographic works, subject and companion are the main and auxiliary objects to express ideological content. Therefore, when dealing with the balance of picture layout, the first thing to consider is the echo relationship between them, including the echo relationship between them in plot, emotion, dynamics and momentum.
Third, the primary and secondary relationship in the composition.
According to the requirements of the theme, select valuable scenery and objects to form photographic pictures. The object that best embodies the theme in this painting is the subject. In the picture, those objects that do not directly reflect the theme idea, but only serve as a foil to help the subject explain the theme idea to a certain extent, are customarily called companions or surroundings. We should properly arrange and handle the relationship between primary and secondary in the photographic picture, so as to avoid the phenomenon that there is no theme, no priority, drowning or losing the subject due to chaos.
When designing a painting, we should pay attention to the relationship between subject and companion. If a photo has only the main body and no foil, the picture will look dull and unchanged, but the companion can't pretend to be the master. The main body must be prominent on the screen, and it is necessary to abandon the complexity and simplify it. If necessary, you can change the shooting position and angle, or move unnecessary things to achieve a concise picture and highlight the main effect. We can grasp the following two points in the relationship between primary and secondary images: First, if we encounter a messy background, we can take the method of enlarging the aperture to blur the background behind and highlight the main body. Second, choose the right angle to shoot and avoid the messy background, so as to make the characters stand out.
Fourth, in the composition? Golden section? Application of
The most common mistake that beginners make is to put the most attractive scenery in the middle. Indeed, the scenery in the middle is the most attractive. However, putting an attractive object in the middle can easily make people focus on that object and make the picture dull.
Since we want to avoid being caught in the middle, we should know the so-called? Golden section? , that is? Golden ratio? When applied to the composition of art and photography, it is often represented by a ratio of 5: 8. In addition, Jiugongge composition (also called tic-tac-toe composition) actually belongs to a form of golden section. That is, draw two horizontal lines at 1/3 and 2/3 horizontally, and draw two vertical lines at 1/3 and 2/3 vertically, and then try to place the subject at the intersection point. In fact, these intersections are consistent. Golden section law? , is the best position, of course, balance, contrast and other factors should also be considered. This composition can present changes and movements, and the picture is full of vitality. These four points also have different visual senses. The top two points are more energetic than the bottom, and the left side is stronger than the right side. In specific photographic composition, it can be applied to plot contrast, virtual contrast, dynamic contrast, size contrast and so on.
Five, deal with the blank screen
The blank in photographic composition is caused by the scenery itself, such as smoke, clouds, fog, sky, water and cracks; It is also made by artistic treatment of light and color. The contrast between the entity and the blank forms a regular rhythm and produces a certain sense of rhythm, which is one of the widely used means of photography in dealing with the relationship between reality and reality in picture composition.
The relationship between reality and reality is easy to see and distinguish in photographic images. However, in the specific processing, we should pay attention to the relationship between entity and blank, so as to make the picture change and not rigid. Blank space can often depict artistic conception and render atmosphere. If used properly in the picture, it will add a positive role to the form of composition. Blank also has the function of creating dynamic situation visually and psychologically. There should be a certain gap in the direction of movement and gaze, which can leave room for people to stretch and produce certain directionality, which is helpful to strengthen the sense of space in sports. That's why. Generally speaking, the beauty of reality is born of emptiness? In a word, it shows the importance of blank in composition.
Photography, like painting, is also an artistic technique, and the harmony between bright lines and pictures is the key. A good composition not only makes people feel that the theme is clear, but also gives people a visual and psychological impact. Therefore, the improvement of photography level must start from the link of composition. Of course, the form of composition is not absolute, it can only provide help and reference for the form of photography. There is a good saying: rules are meant to be broken. All the rules are not dead, and absorbing the experience of predecessors will have a positive effect on the formal expression of photography and be conducive to the understanding of formal beauty.
Model essay 3 on photography: "On the reform of practical teaching of film and television photography" At present, almost all major universities in China offer film and television photography as a compulsory course in the undergraduate study stage of photography department, radio and television director department and radio and television department. The direction of film and television photography in the photography department of the author is in the first and second grades, and the courses of "camera technology foundation" and "film and television photography modeling" are set up respectively. The course of film and television photography is highly theoretical and practical, and how to better practice teaching is an important topic for teachers to think about and solve.
First, a reasonable and practical concept of practical teaching reform
Students of photography department should learn several basic courses focusing on practice in the first and second grades. Before studying the course of film and television photography modeling, they should first complete the course of camera technology. It should be said that the basis of camera technology focuses on the study and training of basic knowledge and technology, while film and television photography modeling pays more attention to cultivating students' artistic feeling, innovative thinking and image modeling ability. At the same time, photography students should offer other related courses as a useful supplement. In the process of film and television photography teaching, according to the characteristics and nature of the subject, the author inherits? Put theory and practice together and pay more attention to practice? The concept of. This is done in order to improve the disadvantages of relying too much on classroom theory teaching in film and television photography class in the past, and teachers often adopt a single spoon-feeding theory and ignore the cultivation of practical skills. Usually, according to the formulation of the syllabus, the number of hours of theoretical courses and practical courses is set at around 1: 2, and the teaching links are in accordance with? Theory-practice-theory-practice? The rhythm of progress. That is, the ultimate goal of each classroom theory teaching is to guide students' practical operation, fully transform the theoretical knowledge learned in the previous stage into practical ability, and improve students' practical skills and level. And move on to the next stage? Theory class-practice class? After studying the course "Fundamentals of Camera Technology", the teacher will arrange a practical lesson in the next class after teaching the basic principles of digital high-definition cameras and the white balance adjustment of exposure control. The teacher will divide the students into groups, explain and demonstrate the operation steps of camera exposure and white balance control, and then guide the students to practice in groups one by one. In class, the teacher points out and corrects the mistakes in students' operation in time. After this part of the exercise is basically mastered by the students, can we move on to the next link? Theory-practice? Teaching.
Second, improve practical teaching methods
As a discipline, film and television photography has strong theory and practice, and at the same time it is a discipline integrating technology and artistry. In actual creation, the embodiment of a cinematographer's artistic creativity depends on his solid technical literacy and level. The foothold of testing whether a student's theoretical knowledge is solid is his practical ability. Therefore, it is an important problem for film and television photography teachers to do a good job in practical courses and improve students' professional practical ability. Based on several years of teaching experience and reform attempts, the author usually adopts the whole class collective teaching method in theoretical teaching. The practice class adopts small class learning mode, and students demonstrate and explain in groups and practice in groups. Considering that there are a large number of students in each natural class and the experimental equipment is relatively limited, the number of group members is controlled at about 6 every time the teacher guides the students to group. The purpose of not having too many members in each group is to ensure that each student has enough time to practice the operation in the practice class. Whether it is classroom exercises, after-class exercises or final assignments, students use this relatively fixed group to complete practice shooting.
1, using multimedia technology to improve teaching effect.
In practice class, teachers use multimedia imaging technology, combined with excellent film and television works cases, to compare and guide students' common mistakes and individual mistakes in practice. Teachers can select excellent film and television works to analyze, explain and guide the problems in students' practical work. For example, when students practice using cameras to shoot different scenes in fixed positions, the common problems for beginners are that the scene shooting is not standardized, the scene between shots is unreasonable or the scene is too single. At this time, the teacher uses multimedia to play some scenes of excellent film and television works for students, and then compares the common mistakes in students' actual work to help students analyze problems and find solutions.
In this link, teachers avoid teaching knowledge and skills unilaterally, but guide students to think, check, discuss and analyze problems in groups according to their own exercises, actively mobilize students' enthusiasm and create a positive and interactive classroom atmosphere. In this way, under the condition of active thinking and active participation, students will better combine professional theory with practice, thus improving their own practical level. In addition, in classroom practice, the digital high-definition cameras currently used generally have USB serial interface, and students can directly copy the homework materials of shooting practice to the multimedia computer in the classroom. The teacher plays back and explains the exercise materials taken by the students. This can ensure that students' problems can be found in the practice class at the first time. The teacher points out the symptoms of the problem to the students in time and discusses the solutions with them.
2. According to students' characteristics, help students make shooting themes and plans.
Film and television photography practice requires students to mobilize their various abilities, which is a? Brain, eyes and hands? The process of comprehensive application. It requires the photographer to observe carefully with his eyes, the brain to think positively, and finally the hand (and body) controls the camera to complete the operation and shooting. Therefore, the actual creation of film and television photography tests a person's comprehensive coordination ability. In group shooting, students' teamwork and communication skills are also tested. According to the number, structure and characteristics of students in natural classes, teachers will guide them to group and match reasonably, make a reasonable shooting schedule and control the time period. If there is an interviewee, the teacher will instruct the students how to communicate with the interviewee (although how to interview is not the focus of the film and television photography class). Even when filming long-term final homework, teachers should impart some knowledge of production management and remind students to make alternative plans and plans in advance for some production difficulties that may occur during filming. For those who greatly change the shooting plan and scheme of practical homework, guide students to mobilize existing resources and conditions to shoot better images as much as possible.
3. Expand the practice teaching space and keep up with the development trend of the industry.
A remarkable feature of film and television photography is that with the development of science and technology, new creative equipment and shooting concepts emerge one after another, and the speed of upgrading is extremely fast. For example, when I first started teaching, the industry-leading technology was digital full HD technology. In recent years, the development trend of today's industry is 4K technology, digital film photography, log mode shooting, and even the use of VR technology in the future. All this means that teachers, students and practitioners who want to engage in film and television photography must keep their curiosity about new things and keep a state of constantly learning new knowledge. Only in this way can the students we train be wider and wider in the future professional development and not be eliminated by the industry. Based on this, teachers actively use relevant professional knowledge and information resources on the Internet, combined with classroom practice content. Broaden students' knowledge. For example, in introducing the knowledge of industry-leading red and ARRI digital movie cameras, there is almost no content in common paper textbooks and materials on the market.
Teachers search professional technical websites, find suitable materials to cut into video images, make PPT and text introduction, and select industry experts to introduce the performance indicators and precautions of this camera, which can be used as a supplement to practical teaching. It not only stimulates students' interest and enthusiasm in learning, but also brings advanced knowledge and ideas of film and television photography industry to students, so that students can grasp the professional development trends and trends in time. In addition, professional film and television photography exchange websites and official WeChat accounts are also good channels for teachers to guide students to broaden their knowledge. Professional film and television industry network, film production network, V-Shadow network, official account of WeChat cinematographer, official account of WeChat cameraman, etc. There are often technical articles and creative experience published by people in the industry, and teachers often choose useful information to introduce to students. These websites generally have a work exchange area, where students can exchange their works and listen to the opinions of more people in the industry. In this way, the way for students to acquire professional knowledge and practical experience is not limited to classroom and campus. They are more likely to receive more cutting-edge professional information and improve their practical level. Third, the actual work comments
1. Classroom display of students' practical works
After each practical assignment and final assignment, the teacher will arrange each group to publicly display their works in the classroom with multimedia, and the teacher will comment on the scene. This is also an indispensable part of film and television photography practice teaching. During the class presentation, team members will explain their creative ideas and ideas, and talk about the problems and solutions encountered in the shooting process, as well as unresolved technical and artistic problems. The teacher arranged this in order to have a deeper understanding of the students' practical creative process. The process of students' practical creation is a concrete and true embodiment to test their mastery of theoretical knowledge. Some of the problems reflected in students' works are common to all, and some exist in each group or even each student individually. When each group of students shows and introduces their own practical work shooting experience, other students will also reflect on the problems existing in their works. Good practical experience can be confirmed and shared, and existing problems need teachers' guidance and thinking. When necessary, the teacher can clearly point out that helping students improve their professional level and make progress in the next shooting.
2. Protect and stimulate students' creative enthusiasm.