The answer should naturally be given according to the requirements of the test questions. As far as the appreciation of ancient poetry is concerned, it can be roughly summarized into five question-and-answer modes.
The first mode analyzes artistic conception.
Q: What kind of artistic conception does this poem create? Question variant: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express?
Answer analysis: This is one of the most common questions. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including scenery, emotion and environment. Three aspects are indispensable when answering questions.
Steps for answering questions: ① Describe the picture shown in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination, and the language should be beautiful.
② Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, two disyllabic words can be used, such as lonely and cold, quiet and beautiful, vigorous and magnificent, bleak and desolate, etc. , and should pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery.
③ Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, but give specific answers. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why.
Answer: A: This poem depicts a beautiful scene of early spring: the spring is bright, the fields are green, the river reflects the sun, the spring breeze brings the fragrance of flowers and plants, the soil melts into the soil, the swallows are busy building their nests with the soil, the sun is bright, the beach is warm, and Yuanyang is still sleeping on the sandbar (step one). This is a beautiful spring scene (step 2). It shows the poet's happy and leisurely mood after running around and living a stable life.
Test-taking skills:
1. First of all, we should understand what the poem is saying.
No matter what it asks, it is best to translate the sentences it asks in plain language (that is, beautiful modern Chinese).
3. Then began to explain the question it asked:
If it asks you the meaning of a word, you should answer the original meaning of the word and its meaning in the poem.
B. If it asks you the meaning of the sentence, you can translate it directly and say what thoughts and feelings it expresses.
C If it asks about expression or skill, it should answer its advantages in combination with the original text, such as writing vividly and expressing the author's feelings more strongly.
Judging from the content of poetry, the basic types of classical poetry are as follows. (1) farewell class. Give priority to expressing feelings of separation. ② Nostalgia. Mainly to express the memory of the ancients or to express the sigh of the ups and downs of the past. (3) homesick for human beings. Express your thoughts about your hometown or relatives. (4) war or frontier fortress. Express disgust at war or yearning for peace or loyalty to the country. 5 leisure class. Express a leisurely and quiet mood or yearn for a secluded life in the countryside. 6 borrow scenery to express emotion. Use scenery to express your beautiful ambition or use scenery to express the quality of not being willing to go with the flow of the world. ⑦ Hold things and express your will. Mainly to show their noble qualities, or to express their sadness when they have no talent. 8 love class. 9 people's livelihood Express deep sympathy for the people's suffering.
In a sense, the focus of poetry appreciation is to correctly grasp the images described in poetry, that is, the images described in poetry (people, things, scenery, things). Many images in ancient poetry have their own metaphorical meanings. Although the figurative meaning of this image may be different in different artistic conception, it has something in common in most cases. Therefore, I have made a summary of the metaphorical meaning of images that often appear in poetry, and summarized it as a kind of knowledge that must be accumulated in poetry appreciation. Such as Mei Qing noble, proud snow cream, strong and unyielding; The nobility of orchids and lotus flowers; Nostalgia for flute; Bamboo is upright, vigorous and positive; Chrysanthemum is noble, refined and quiet; Song Jian Zhen, Ao Xue Dou Shuang, Ling Yunzhi; Liu's tenderness, farewell and nostalgia; The desolation and sadness of phoenix tree; Beautiful metaphor of peach blossom; The significance of Huayang's dispersion and drifting; Rhododendron is sad and has the intention of returning home; The wealth and beauty of peony; He represents the sorrow of the country's past prosperity and present decline; Jade birds are often associated with love and marriage between men and women; Luan bird, phoenix feather, sage; Partridges and cicadas are metaphors for the sadness of parting, and they feel sad when traveling; Hongyan refers to letters and also means homesickness; The swan's steed, Dapeng, is a metaphor for ambitious people; The moon is homesick for nostalgia; Flying stars spread hatred; Sunset, sunset glow, autumn colors and flowing water represent that life is short and time flies; Baqiao Yishui is more pregnant with farewell; Sunset, west wind and afterglow not only represent personal ups and downs, but also represent the vicissitudes of history; "Three Stacks in Yangguan" writes more about the friendship of old friends; Guan Shanyue and Plum Blossom Autumn refer to homesickness. Du Kangyu wine; Jia Sheng and Qu Yuan refer to people without talent; Tao Zhu and Yi Dun are wealthy businessmen; Hare and harp symbolize the harmony between husband and wife and the friendship between brothers and friends.
After finding the image, the feelings of the whole poem naturally appear. The words that can express the emotional color of poetry are: joy, joy, anger, sorrow, sadness, sorrow, praise, admiration, farewell, attachment, heroism, leisure, indifference, infatuation, love, sadness, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, boredom, adherence to moral integrity, and concern for the country and the people.
Whether a poem is well written is closely related to its expression skills, and it should be analyzed from three aspects: expression, rhetoric and expression.
1. Expression: There are five common expressions: narration, description, lyricism (direct and indirect lyricism), discussion and explanation.
2. Rhetoric: exaggeration, personification, comparison, analogy, metaphor, metonymy, questioning, antithesis, repetition, repetition and so on.
3. Means of expression Means of expression, in a broad sense, refers to the special sentence structure used by the author when writing words and expressing thoughts and feelings: symbol, contrast, imagination, reference, lyric by scenery, lyric by objects, coexistence of reality and reality, expressing ambition, belittling reality and praising praise, from far to near, from the outside to the inside, that is, expression, first raising and then suppressing.
In other words, determining the ideological content of poetry is the core of poetry creation and appreciation. The ideological content of poetry is nothing more than the following aspects: loving the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, worrying about the country and the people, cherishing the past and hurting the present, opposing war, pursuing peace, despising the powerful, being cynical, not meeting talented people, caring for mountains and rivers, retiring from the countryside, enjoying the victory at the top, cherishing spring and autumn, remembering friends' homesickness, knowing each other and dating each other, and not hating leaving sorrow.
At the end of poetry appreciation, or subtleties, students should understand the author's language style and the expressive effect that the language wants to achieve. And some related nouns are: vigorous, majestic, tragic, broad-minded, desolate, depressed, elegant, subtle, lingering, fresh, bright, beautiful, quiet, sad, bright and so on.
Language expression effect: sincere, touching, touching, tearful, lofty, scene blending, intriguing and memorable.
The above six points seem to be scattered, and it seems that the poem is read in pieces, but it is by no means the case. This is just as we often say, but I modified it slightly: "The master leads the door and practices in the individual." Only by letting students know the doorway of poetry appreciation can students establish the concept of appreciation, and then cultivate their own appreciation style through continuous appreciation.
You might as well write your own paper. I'll give you some material, hoping to help you.