Summary formula

At the beginning, introduce the general situation of things in concise language, giving people an overall image. For example, the Palace Museum begins like this:

In the center of Beijing, there is a city within a city, which is the Forbidden City. People call it the Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum. The Forbidden City is the imperial palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is the largest and most complete ancient palace complex in China with a history of more than 500 years.

The beginning introduces the geographical location, name, nature and age of the Palace Museum. Through the general introduction, we can have a general understanding of the Palace Museum.

Descriptive style

Describe the characteristics or state of things at the beginning, so that readers have an intuitive overall understanding. For example, the beginning of "China Stone Arch Bridge" is described as follows:

The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge is curved, just like a rainbow. According to ancient mythology, the rainbow is a "bridge connecting heaven and earth" after rain, and you can go to heaven through the rainbow. Poets in China compared the arch bridge to a rainbow, saying that the arch bridge is "lying rainbow" and "flying rainbow", and described the water arch bridge as "changhong lying wave".

Firstly, the state characteristics of the bridge hole, an important part of the stone arch bridge, are described, and then this feature is supplemented by myths and legends and poets' descriptions of the stone arch bridge.

ask questions

Asking questions at the beginning can stimulate readers' interest in reading and make them eager to know something or things. For example, the first paragraph of Why Flowers Are So Red. By describing the brightness and beauty of safflower, it is natural to ask the question "Why are flowers so red", so that people can understand the reasons and explore the knowledge under the author's specific explanation.

Defining equation

Begin to define things, prompt the connotation (essential characteristics) and extension (including scope) of things, and let people know the essence of things. For example, the beginning of the overall planning law defines things like this: "The overall planning law is a mathematical method for arranging the work process, and its practical scope is extremely wide."

The open form and function of argumentative writing;

The beginning of an argumentative paper should pay attention to "short, fast and beautiful". To be brief means to be concise. It is best to divide three or two sentences into paragraphs to introduce this theory. A short beginning can avoid verbosity, and short sentences are divided into paragraphs, highlighting the importance of their content in space. To be quick is to get to the point quickly. It is best to point out the basic ideas or themes of the article in a few sentences. Because there is a "clear center" regulation in the grading standard. Determining the center at the beginning is conducive to the reviewers' scoring and the author's discussion, avoiding writing taboos such as unclear topics and changing topics halfway. Beautiful means wonderful. This is also the "phoenix head" mentioned in traditional literary theory. The most prominent function of a wonderful beginning is to attract the examiner and leave a good impression on him. The beginning of the article should be wonderful, and the argument should be introduced by rhetorical devices such as metaphor, analogy and parallelism. You can also quote famous sayings and tell fables to introduce the topic.