Common allusions of ancient poetry in senior high school (1)
Generally speaking, there are two kinds of allusions in classical poetry, one is to use things, and the other is to quote previous poems.
First, to express the author's thoughts and feelings with things and stories, including his position and attitude towards some problems in real life, personal feelings and wishes. To borrow the past to express one's feelings. Xin Qiji, a great poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, loves to use allusions, and often uses several allusions in succession, mostly for the needs of content, and sometimes it is inevitable to pile them up.
Such as "Yong Yu Le Jing Kou Gu Bei Ting Nostalgia"
Throughout the ages, heroes are not there, but Sun Zhongmou is.
Dancing pavilions and singing platforms always blow away.
Grass trees in the sunset, ordinary alleys, and humanitarian slaves once lived.
Think that year (4), Jin Ge iron horse, swallowing Wan Li like a tiger.
Yuanjia ⑤, sealing the wolf in Xu, was panicked.
Forty-three years, looking at the middle, I still remember Yangzhou Road.
Looking back, there is a crow club drum under the beaver temple! Who can ask, Lian Po is too old to eat? [Notes]
1. Jingkou: Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, named after its proximity to Jingxian Mountain and the Yangtze River estuary. (2) Sun Zhongmou: Sun Quan, the prince of Wu in the Three Kingdoms, was named Zhong Mou, who was once the capital of Jingkou. (3) Sending slaves: posthumous title, Emperor Wudi of the Southern Song Dynasty. ④、? Think back to that time? Three words: Liu Yu once coached the Jin Army in the Northern Expedition twice and recovered Luoyang and Chang 'an. ⑤、? Yuan jiacao? Yuanjia is a title for Liu. Cao Cao: reckless. It means that Liu Yilong was overjoyed, rushed to the Northern Expedition and even suffered a fiasco. ⑥、? Forty-three-year sentence: The author returned to South China in the thirty-second year of Shaoxing, Song Gaozong (1 162), which happened to be forty-three years when he wrote this word. ⑦ Beaver Temple: another name for Wei Tuoba. He once built a palace in Guabu Mountain on the north bank of the Yangtze River and became a Buddhist temple. 8. God crow: refers to the crow who eats sacrifices in the temple. Social drum: the drum sound during sacrifice. Pet-name ruby, Lian Po: A famous soldier of Zhao in the Warring States Period. It is not difficult to see from the notes that the whole word is almost expanded in the allusions. The poet used the ancient times to satirize the present and criticized the mistake of Han Yi (Tu Bu), the ruler at that time, who ventured the Northern Expedition in an attempt to win by luck. At the same time, he also expressed his grief and indignation that he wanted to contribute to the country but could not display his talents. This theme is mainly reflected by four historical stories that allude to reality, namely, the stories of Emperor Wu of Song, Liu Yilong, Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty and Lian Po. This word is a criticism of the rulers at that time, because it is not convenient to say it directly, so using allusions is the best way.
Common allusions of ancient poetry in senior high school (2)
The purpose of quoting or using quotations from predecessors' poems is to deepen the artistic conception in poetry and urge people to associate and find the meaning outside the words.
? Think that year, Jin Ge iron horse, swallowing Wan Li like a tiger? (Xin Qiji's "Ode to Yule Jingkou Gubeiting Nostalgia")
? After walking ten miles in the spring breeze, the wheat turned green? (Jiang Kui's Yangzhou Slow) This word is practical except recalling the author's experience of going south 43 years ago.
? Think that year, Jin Ge iron horse, swallowing Wan Li like a tiger? It is about the heroic spirit of Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition against the enemy.
By praising Emperor Wu of Song and satirizing the shameless behavior of the pacifists in the Southern Song Dynasty, the author showed his determination to oppose Jin Zhuzhang and restore the Central Plains.
? Is the spring breeze 10 mile? Quote Du Mu's Farewell.
In Yangzhou, the spring breeze blows all over Sanli Long Street. With beaded curtains, no one can match her beauty. The poem in) shows the prosperity of Shili Long Street in Yangzhou in those days, but it is empty. ? Do you want to turn green? The bleak situation that writers see today is the real writing. These two contrasting pictures convey the poet's feelings about the prosperity and decline of the past.
Common allusions of ancient poetry in senior high school (3)
First, the basic strategy of answering questions
1. Grasp the title, refer to the content, and define the category and center.
2. Capture the image, form a picture, and get a preliminary understanding of the image characteristics.
3. Review the questions, make clear the requirements, and accurately locate (test objects: content, method, language; Local, whole).
Second, the basic examination content and the corresponding answer points
(1) means of expression (means, skills, artistic techniques and how to describe feelings)
1. Lyric expression:
(1) direct lyricism (direct expression of feelings) (2) indirect lyricism, borrowing things (folding willows, climbing, railings, allusions), expressing meaning, symbolizing, setting off, setting off, suppressing, comparing, combining reality with reality, and writing on the other side; Zhang Xianzhi, pawn.
2. Description (scenery description) methods: contrast, rendering, setting off, movement, contrast, personification, exaggeration, positive and reality.
(2) Contents:
Direction: What kind of artistic atmosphere is created and what kind of thoughts and feelings are expressed (pictures, scenery, thoughts and feelings).
Answer process: describe the scene (avoid translating the original sentence) and grasp the characteristics of the scene (scenery, bleak, desolate, lonely, full of vitality, etc. ), according to the scene to distinguish feelings, grasp the thoughts and feelings (pay attention to the consistency or relativity of the scene)
(3) Language:
Content of the question: language characteristics, language style and language art.
Answer direction: fresh and elegant, plain and natural, bright and simple, flowery in rhetoric, euphemistic and implicit, concise and concise, gloomy and frustrated, majestic, multi-purpose spoken language, as clear as words.
(4) Comprehensive questions:
1. appreciate a sentence or a sentence; The function of a word or the reason for using it; What's good about a word;
Answer direction: the picture described in the text or sentence (or the emotion expressed and the truth expounded); The effect of expression is often the effect of scenery description on emotional expression; If you use specific performance skills, such as metaphor, personification, foil, etc. , write down the method used. Namely: what method was used, what content was written, and what role was played.
2. Poetic eyes (words or characters that can best express emotional meaning and spiritual connotation in poetry); Poetry bone (the sentence that is at the core and plays the role of commander in chief) analyzes the content of each poem sentence by sentence and how to surround it. Poetic eye? 、? Poetry bone? Expand.