Today is a lecture for students who are about to graduate, specifically, for students who are about to write their graduation thesis. Mainly coming.

How to write a graduation thesis. Because the most important task for every undergraduate before graduation is to write a graduation thesis. So we ...

Just take some time to talk about some related theoretical concepts first, so that everyone can understand the graduation thesis and some related theoretical concepts.

Clear understanding. Then discuss how to write a graduation thesis from the perspective of writing. I will also write my graduation thesis with some undergraduates.

Experience and lessons are just some examples to illustrate.

The first question we are going to talk about next is the concept of graduation thesis. According to the training objectives of each major, colleges and universities have set up various

Basic courses and specialized courses enable students to master the necessary basic knowledge and theory, while paying attention to the training of students' various skills.

practice From grade one to grade three, students not only learn basic knowledge and basic theory at school, but also accept academic papers and graduation papers.

This training will lay a good foundation for further study and better research in the future. According to the "Regulations on Academic Degrees in People's Republic of China (PRC)" and "China"

The Interim Measures for Implementing the Regulations on Academic Degrees in People's Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that college graduates should complete all the requirements of the teaching plan.

After examination and approval, he was granted graduation, and his course study and graduation thesis, including graduation design and other graduation practice links, all showed that they were indeed compared.

Have a good grasp of the basic theory or professional knowledge and skills of this course, and have engaged in scientific research and undertaken professional and technical work.

Preliminary ability, awarded a bachelor's degree. There are several key points here: first, we should complete the basic courses, and then on this basis, the most

The next big assignment is to finish the graduation thesis. Graduation thesis is a comprehensive assignment to examine our professional knowledge and basic skills.

If the basic courses and graduation thesis are completed, a bachelor's degree may be awarded. There is another requirement, please pay attention.

It is the initial ability to engage in scientific research and undertake specialized technical work. We can give it to you when we discuss the paper.

Make a comparison.

Then before talking about the concept of graduation thesis, first understand the concept of academic thesis. Because graduation thesis belongs to the category of academic thesis.

So what is an academic paper? Academic papers are articles used to conduct scientific research and describe scientific research achievements, which are referred to as papers for short. Both.

It is not only a means to discuss problems and conduct scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements and conduct academic exchanges. It includes the academic year paper, bi.

Business papers, dissertations, scientific papers, etc. Collectively referred to as academic papers.

1, academic paper

Let's start with the school year paper. Academic year paper is an academic paper that colleges and universities require students to complete every academic year. this is

The main forms of academic papers. Its purpose is to guide students to learn to conduct scientific research on the professional knowledge they have learned in a school year. Every academic year

Write an article to gradually cultivate students' scientific research ability and lay the foundation for writing graduation thesis in the future. Writing academic papers should be carried out under the guidance of a tutor.

In our school, the implementation of each major is different. This is stipulated in the Academic Degrees Ordinance, which stipulates that you must write an academic paper first.

After gradually accumulating experience, it won't be too difficult to write a graduation thesis when you graduate. But many schools don't.

Take term papers as a way or a tool to cultivate students' research ability. Therefore, when graduation approaches, students still don't know.

How to write a graduation thesis? Of course, there are still quite a few institutions of higher learning, especially key institutions, which attach great importance to the writing of academic year papers.

Because only by training the writing of academic papers can we make a logical transition to graduation thesis writing. From the end of each course to the final exam,

In a sense, it is actually training for a semester or a school year's thesis writing. Because all teachers start from the perspective of their own courses.

Give you a little knowledge question first, and then give you an essay question. Then, for composition questions, it should be said that experienced teachers can be very beneficial.

Train students to write papers with essay questions. Some schools do this, but some schools are not on the agenda. still

Under the specific requirements of each teacher, students are required to do homework once, without emphasizing academics. Former Chinese Department of Beijing Normal University, now

At present, the College of Liberal Arts requires students to train and write academic papers from their sophomore year, especially on May 4th, July 1st and December 29th.

On the day of the thesis competition, students are trained in thesis writing. Then every teacher has the responsibility to train students every school year.

Write an academic paper to lay the foundation for future graduation papers. Then this is a concept and related situation.

2. Graduation thesis

The following is the graduation thesis. What is a graduation thesis? Graduation thesis is an article independently written by fresh college graduates.

Summative academic paper. Here are a few points that need everyone's attention: first, fresh graduates; The second is done independently, of course, in the teacher's.

Under the guidance; The third is summative. The so-called summativeness means that when choosing a topic in the future, for example, the Chinese department may choose a language.

Yes, you can also choose literature. In terms of language, you may prefer ancient Chinese, modern Chinese or English.

Applied linguistics. In literature, you may like classical literature, or modern literature, or contemporary literature and foreign literature. foreign language

Studying, you may like Eastern Europe or Western Europe, or you may like Japan. Generally speaking, the professional point is stronger. Why is it summative?

What about yours? Although the topic you choose may be the most interesting topic you have studied in the past four years, you really have to write a decent and qualified article.

Graduation thesis needs to mobilize all kinds of basic knowledge. So we can check the basis of your four or three and a half years' study through your graduation thesis.

What is the level of knowledge, basic theory and skills? Therefore, in this sense, the graduation thesis is summative.

So it's a paper, which means it's different from the usual feeling of reading. Write down your own perceptual knowledge. graduate

The thesis is academic. The so-called academic means that you put forward your own views, that is, when you make an argument, you should have your own charge.

Prove the reasons for each point, so that your argument can stand. Not only is it tenable, but we also require your theory to be social or

Say that you should make some contribution to your subject.

Why do students have to write graduation thesis before graduation? The main purpose is for students to sum up their four years in school.

Learning achievement. The school examines students' ability to solve practical problems by studying their graduation thesis.

What kind? One is the comprehensive application of learned knowledge, and the other is the ability to solve practical problems, which are two main points. So don't underestimate graduation.

Paper, just choose a topic to write. When you really start writing, you will feel that you have sorted out the writing of this paper.

Learning what you have learned is a good exercise. As long as he is a student who writes a thesis seriously, his final experience is that if I don't

If you write this paper, you may not know how much knowledge you have and what level of your ability is. Because of the exams in various courses, sometimes

I took the closed-book exam by reciting. But this paper is open and doesn't need to be recited. Mainly depends on your ability to choose a topic,

Is it possible to combine social practice and choose a topic that society needs? Depends on your social sensitivity. This is also a kind of

Investigation, as far as topic selection is concerned, is a kind of ability investigation. Is it valuable to write this paper? What kind of value is it?

Profound, novel and so on.

When you choose a topic, it is not so simple to really form a paper. Some students said that my graduation thesis would be a surprise.

Can be completed. Generally speaking, it takes nearly a semester to write a graduation thesis. From our experience, in the fourth grade.

During the semester, we have assigned students to various tutors, and the tutors communicate with the students they tutor. Students choose topics for tutor research.

See if it fits. If appropriate, ask the students to write an outline. Don't start writing until the outline is approved by the tutor. In terms of time, there is nearly one

The time of the semester. Of course, there are also some schools that may just make a surprise attack and let students finish it in the last month or two. So here comes such a document.

What kind of level is it? We can compare it. Of course, we don't mean long-term good, short-term bad.

All right. But then again, we say that writing a paper needs to collect a lot of information to think about. Is there enough time for the quality of the paper?

Influential. This is my graduation thesis, mainly because the school can examine students' comprehensive ability to use knowledge and

Ability to solve practical problems. At the same time, students will also be trained in scientific research norms in the process of writing papers, otherwise they will never know.

What is scientific research? Answering big questions in exams is not scientific research. That is, you face a course and see how you learn.

Sample. An experienced teacher will inevitably put forward an essay question, that is, face the courses he teaches and examine learning through this essay question.

What is the ability of students to solve problems? So graduation thesis is very important for students.

The graduation thesis should be selected according to the requirements of students' majors and training under the guidance of tutors. Some students

Said he didn't know how to choose a topic. Then I said that after I finished my class today, you should know how to choose a topic. What should I choose?

The topic is the topic of the paper. Then communicate with your tutor when you are uncertain. Why do you need a mentor? The purpose of having a mentor is to

It is to further cultivate students' scientific research ability in this big project. The completion of graduation thesis is also approved by the tutor. Lecturer foundation

According to my own experience, you have finished writing this paper, that is, you have finalized it. After the paper is finalized, the tutor will invite several teachers to form a thesis defense.

Divide into groups, and then ask the students to reply around their own papers, that is, after all the teachers in the reply group have read your papers,

Ask relevant questions from the paper, and you should answer the questions raised by the judges realistically. One is the theory of written writing.

The text, the first is the thesis defense after the completion of the thesis. These two processes are combined, and finally the students' papers are graded by the defense team.

Then after this process is over, we will say that this graduation thesis has been written. The graduation thesis is now divided into three grades, one for undergraduates.

Graduation thesis, one is a graduate thesis and the other is a doctoral thesis. So the requirements of these three levels of graduation thesis are

It's different.

3. Thesis

Let's talk about another concept-dissertation. Academic papers written by degree applicants are called

Papers. This kind of thesis is an important condition for evaluating whether an applicant can be awarded a degree. So what kind of people can apply? Degree applicant

If you can pass the required course examination and thesis examination and defense, then you will be awarded a degree. If the degree applicant's course exam

He passed the exam, but his thesis was judged unqualified in the defense, so he won't be awarded the degree. Let me put it bluntly: it is common in schools at present.

What is its greatest advantage? That is, you have to pass all the courses and get full credits. This is the basic knowledge, professional knowledge and basic skills of your major.

You can check. What is a hard indicator now? A very hard indicator is English. If your undergraduate English is not good enough.

Level 4, then you don't belong to people who can apply for knowledge. I repeat, you can't apply for a degree in two cases: one is

Because you haven't passed CET-4, you have passed all your professional courses, but only if you haven't passed a foreign language, then you are not qualified to apply for a degree; second

In this case, CET-4 passed, but even if you make up the exam, you failed in an important course of a subject, so you didn't apply.

A qualification. To put it more clearly, anyone who is qualified to apply for a degree in an undergraduate course must first set the credits that the school will complete within four years.

If you have completed all the courses and passed CET-4, you can apply for a degree.

Then when you are eligible to apply for a degree, the graduation thesis you write for it is called a degree thesis, a bachelor's degree thesis.

A bachelor's degree thesis is both a degree thesis and a graduation thesis. If you fail in CET-4, but you get all the credits, you can graduate.

Industry, writing a thesis is just a graduation thesis, without a degree. The same is true for master students, who have completed all courses and passed English.

Band 6, you can apply for a master's degree, and the graduation thesis you write is a master's thesis and a graduation thesis. In the second master's degree

When you start a topic in grade, you are not allowed to start a topic if you don't have enough credits and fail a foreign language. If you are not allowed to start a topic, you are not allowed to continue your studies, so you should

Elimination. A master can go to the third grade, complete the credits when he graduates, pass a foreign language and pass a topic before he is qualified to write.

Write a master's degree thesis. In the same way, so do doctors. Therefore, a dissertation and a graduation thesis are the same thing for some people.

Thesis can have two meanings, graduation and degree; But for some people, they graduated without a degree.

First, the standards and requirements for writing a bachelor's degree thesis.

Then I will explain the standards and requirements of bachelor's degree thesis in more detail. First of all, let's talk about bachelor's study.

A paper. What are the requirements for a bachelor's degree thesis? The paper should reflect the author's solid professional basic knowledge and have certain

Have the ability to study science independently, and have their own unique views on the subjects they have studied. This paper has certain academic value. In terms of expansion, there must be a tie.

Solid professional basic knowledge: the basic knowledge is floating, and the paper is definitely not well written. This is the premise of writing a good graduation thesis; Independent branch

Research ability: I don't mean copying all the articles in the world. I chose a writer with a lot of references. I just need to spell out a paper.

In this case, the paper will definitely fail. As a graduation thesis, you must have your own unique opinions, and never follow others' advice. Even if it is

Your point of view is the same as others, so you should change your perspective and have your own discussion process. Therefore, the ability of independent scientific research refers to.

There are many aspects, one is the topic selection, through which you can see your ability; Second, if your topic is the same as others, for example, everyone.

Studying Shen Congwen's Xiangxi literature, everyone has different views, or to say the least, they all have the same evaluation: from Xiangxi.

From the literary point of view, Shen Congwen is unique, and no one can surpass him. The evaluation is consistent, but everyone has their own starting point. different

The breakthrough point is also the performance of students' independent scientific research ability. If the starting point is different, you will show your uniqueness in some places in the process of elaboration.

To insight. Therefore, we all frame our scientific research ability within a certain range, because you are an undergraduate, different from master students and doctoral students.

This is from the perspective of a bachelor, that is, your undergraduate.

Second, the standards and requirements for writing master's degree thesis.

The standard and requirement of writing a master's thesis is to embody the extensive and in-depth knowledge of theorists. What I just said is solid specialization.

Basic knowledge of the industry, here are extensive and in-depth basic knowledge and theoretical knowledge in related fields. It's unfolded here. For undergraduates,

We only require solid basic knowledge, but for master students, it means extensive and in-depth basic knowledge and theoretical knowledge in related fields.

Knowledge. Because we have many interdisciplinary subjects, we must go out of our own fields and have relevant theoretical knowledge in some research. For example, in research

Writers and literary works must have knowledge of philosophy, sociology and psychology, otherwise your paper will have no depth and breadth. Have a degree

Scientific research ability is "certain scientific research ability" for undergraduates, but it must be independent for master students.

Scientific research ability. Of course, this independence is inseparable from the guidance of the tutor. You must have original ideas about the subject you are studying. That is to say,

You must have original opinions on all topics. I just talked about a master's thesis, as opposed to a bachelor's thesis, so as a master.

The paper can also let the judges see its good scientific value.

Third, the standards and requirements for writing doctoral thesis.

As a doctoral thesis, this thesis should reflect that theorists can master professional knowledge in professional fields and related fields, which is not outstanding.

This word is broad and profound. Last year, the president of Peking University said at the president's forum that under normal circumstances, almost every doctor abroad has one.

Five or six tutors, whose subjects are mainly one subject, cross each other. So, this is a veritable doctor, knowledgeable, not only

But it is profound in the professional field, and the knowledge in related fields is also profound. Then something is missing in this situation at home, one

Tutors bring five or six or even a dozen doctors. In foreign countries, five or six teachers bring a doctor, and teachers from different disciplines bring a doctor together.

Stone. We only need to have a general understanding of the situation abroad, that is, to have profound knowledge in professional fields and related fields, which is the first. Second,

Skilled scientific research ability, originality and unique opinions are required in this major. The difference between originality and originality is that originality depends on yourself.

On the basis of professional knowledge, I have my own views. Creativity is in this field, and no one else has touched it, but you can consider it.

But also made contributions in this field. Therefore, this paper has high academic value. This is the third concept I talked about. Speaking of thesis, I have a bachelor's degree.

Thesis, master's thesis and doctoral thesis, the general situation of these three papers, what are their general standards.

4. Scientific papers

The fourth concept is scientific papers. This is an article describing scientific and technological achievements in the field of science and technology, that is, we put art and science

These works are separated, and the front is a macro point of view. Scientific papers are taken out separately and may be formulated in different scientific research fields.

No, scientific papers are also included in the framework of academic papers. I just take them out separately. Academic theory of scientific papers and liberal arts

There is a difference between literature and art. In general, liberal arts, especially literature, go both ways from books to society and from society to books. Basic literature

In fact, it is from books and materials. If it is history, it is historical data. If it is realistic, such as contemporary literature, it is necessary to understand the texts of contemporary society.

Thought it would be more convenient. For history, you can't experience it personally, so it's still data and books. For example, science and technology

Agriculture, forestry, medicine, etc. Different from literature. Scientific papers based on scientific experiments and research are of great significance to scientific research.

Some phenomena in the field, or some problems, are scientifically analyzed and expounded (for example, SARS, in the medical field, is still tireless.

Tired of scientific research. From the perspective of scientific research, it often involves many years and a long time. Including scientific experiments,

It may take longer. ), an academic paper that reveals the essence and law of this phenomenon, we all call it a scientific paper. General discipline

The writing requirements of scientific papers are also applicable to scientific papers, but considering that different disciplines and technologies have different characteristics, scientific papers also have their own characteristics.

Some special requirements in writing. In other words, scientific papers are more experimental reports, and some are separate experimental reports, which we also recognize.

Because it is an academic paper. The writing of scientific papers is not easy, which requires very accurate data and a complete process. Sometimes experimental reports

And theoretical discussion to form a complete academic paper, generally in these two forms. This is the first big problem.

Second, the requirements of graduation thesis writing

Let's talk about the second big problem: the requirements of graduation thesis writing. We only talk about the requirements of graduation thesis writing in theory. end

Business papers are a major category of argumentative papers. Academic thesis is a kind of argumentative thesis, and graduation thesis is one of them. So,

The basic requirement of argumentative writing is also the requirement of graduation thesis writing, but graduation thesis has its own characteristics. Therefore, graduation thesis writing is still needed.

Special requirements for professional papers.

1, graduation thesis should be scientific.

Next, the graduation thesis writing requirements I mentioned refer to its special requirements, including three aspects. The first aspect, graduation theory.

The article must be scientific. The so-called scientific nature means that this paper is determined by scientific research tasks and must pay attention to science.

Make love. I usually have opinions about this writer and some ideas about social issues. Is your idea scientific? If you write something casually,

Just exercising. No problem. But when you write your graduation thesis, you must understand clearly in your mind: I am writing my graduation thesis, and I must

We must demand ourselves from a scientific point of view and attach importance to science. As a scientific research, the most important task is to reveal the objective law of the development of things.

Seek the objective truth. Therefore, whether it is natural science or social law, we must make a correct understanding of research according to the general task of scientific research.

Like to explore and reveal the law. When many undergraduates are writing their papers-literature is not particularly prominent, but in social sciences,

In pedagogy, the scientific understanding of the thesis is obvious. For example, a student who just graduated this year, his thesis topic is: "Multi-party"

Surprise, progress in the cracks-analysis of the development prospect of Beijing Evening News. I mainly explain the scientific nature. There must be scientific research in graduation thesis.

Just like a concept, you don't write what you like, you don't write what you think. Scientific research must have a general task.

Restrict you, from another point of view, you should be responsible for the society from the beginning of the topic selection, at least you have some inspiration for your topic, which is scientific.

Stand up to scrutiny The original opinion also has scientific basis, which is not convenient for me to say. We should have this idea.

The title "Multi-party Assault, Advance in Cracks" is still very vivid for Beijing Evening News. Another graduate wrote, "work in secrecy and administration according to law."

Preliminary study, we are facing WTO, how to do our secret work well. How to change some previously formed concepts of confidential work? this

After writing the paper, because he has a very rigorous science as a guide, its value is reflected in the scientific nature. It reveals something about the past.

Sick, full of expectations for the future. There are many new textbooks now, and the new textbooks are not perfect. There are also some problems. thesis

From this point of view, how to improve these new textbooks, what kind of laws are there, and scientific discussion are in line with the general responsibility of scientific research.

Service requirements. With the concept of science, how to implement this concept, graduation thesis must have the concept of science in it.

First of all, we should seek truth from facts in the debate.

How to ensure its scientificity is investigated from three aspects. First, in the argument, the author must proceed from the objective reality, from

Draw a realistic conclusion, without personal likes and dislikes and prejudice, not to mention subjective fabrication. There are two situations now, there are students.

Immature in the process of writing a thesis. One problem is copying others. "There are many articles in the world, let's see if we can copy them." This is very irresponsible.

Responsible attitude. You should not copy other people's articles, but have your own unique opinions. Unique opinions, don't understand them one-sidedly, unique opinions.

The solution is based on science, without personal likes and dislikes, prejudice and subjective imagination.

For example, the history of literature I am studying now has some fair comments on some writers. When I was a student, I studied works in the history of literature.

Economists like Shen Congwen and Qian Zhongshu have no place in the history of literature. Now, we see these writers, they have their own reasons.

They have a good creative field and good achievements, and should have their place in the history of literature. This is a phenomenon in the history of literature,

The main reason is that it is too "left". Some excellent writers are excluded from the history of literature. Someone wrote about this phenomenon.

Chapter. His argument is this: the history of literature compiled by someone does not conform to historical facts and must be rewritten. Let's see.

This sentence: the history of literature compiled by XXX does not conform to historical facts, which is subjective and one-sided. It's really here

There are no writers and scholars who should enter the history of literature, such as Shen Congwen and Qian Zhongshu, but most writers, novelists,

Prose writers and so on, including literary trends of thought in various eras, still have many tenable and historical evaluations. Therefore, we don't

Just because this literary history does not include many writers we admire now, we can say that it does not conform to historical facts. In this case, the arguments are as follows

One-sided Of course, there is no Lu Xun in some literary history of Taiwan Province Province, and even some literary history scolds Lu Xun in the general remarks. like this

It is not only a matter of prejudice, but also a matter of personal likes and dislikes. There is obviously a class position in this. We are talking about basic writing.

When talking about the subjectivity of the theme, it refers to such a situation.

We should have correct arguments when writing our graduation thesis, and you must stand on the right side. To the correct, scientific,

Study your research object fairly. Try not to be subjective. I can only say as much as possible, because you are undergraduates and are limited by your age.

There may be some bias or problems in the observation. Teachers should solve these problems for students. But one thing to remember,

Once the research object of the paper is determined, we should try to make a scientific evaluation from a fair standpoint. So, argument one

We must stand on this basis. Just now I talked about that person, saying that a certain literary history does not conform to historical facts and must be rewritten. This argument is incorrect.

Science, with great prejudice.

Someone wrote: The history of certain literature failed to scientifically evaluate some outstanding writers in the history of literature. He thinks it should be

These writers should be given a place. For example, when it comes to Shen Congwen, there is a student's article "On the Aesthetic Characteristics of Shen Congwen's Xiangxi Literature-Also on it"

On Shen Congwen's position in the history of literature. He started with the writer's works and analyzed the aesthetic characteristics of the writer's works.

Among contemporary writers, there is really no one in Xiangxi literature who can surpass Shen Congwen. Therefore, through the analysis of his Xiangxi literature, one

Scientific conclusion: Shen Congwen should have his place in the history of literature. So what position should it be? Filling in Xiangxi literature

There is no blank in the history of literature, and contemporary writers can compare with him. This is more realistic. He thinks that Shen Congwen's Xiangxi

Literature is a wonderful flower in the garden of modern literature, which is unique and has distinct aesthetic characteristics. His position in the history of literature is

Well-deserved. We don't think it's too much to hear such a statement. Because in Xiangxi literature, Shen Congwen is really nobody.

Can be compared with it, he is unique in such a big garden in the whole literary history. His contribution in the history of literature should not only be

A place, in his view, is well deserved. Such comments are more objective. Like Qian Zhongshu, it is a subject with great personality.

Who? People have no place in the previous literary history, and some commentators' views on Qian Zhongshu are objective. Like him.

Our starting point is such a large collection of essays as his "Cone in a Tube". So they don't just study this person, but the so-called "money research".

Just like studying A Dream of Red Mansions formed A Dream of Red Mansions. Qian Zhongshu doesn't like being called "Qian Xue". But as far as researchers are concerned, studying money is necessary.

Zhong Shu, it is not difficult to write an article on one or two aspects. However, it is very cautious to evaluate Qian Zhongshu's spirit of "money study"

This is obviously a research topic. So, this commentator has several views on Xue Qian: First,

The basic feature of "Xue Qian" is four words-broad and profound. He put forward such an argument, which will be analyzed later.

Broad and profound is an argument. If we understand Qian Zhongshu's creation, we can say that his argument is scientific and fair.

I mean the argument.

As can be seen from this topic, I am talking about "multi-party assault, progress in the cracks-analysis of the development prospect of Beijing Evening News".

The competition between newspapers and periodicals is fierce, so how does Beijing Evening News develop and advance in the cracks? In order to survive in the cracks

Save, take a variety of ways, multi-party assault. This is the author's observation of Beijing Evening News, which is highly competitive.

He came to this conclusion after the trip. This argument is based on facts. Your paper will be convincing only if the argument holds water.

Foothold. So when you choose the topic in the future, you must pay attention to who you like, but you must be careful not to be subjective as much as possible.

Color. Literature is different from natural science and sociology. This is human science. Because it is a study of people, it will have a certain human touch in it.

You can't be impersonal in there. Some people write well, but their personalities are not very good. I personally don't want to.

I agree with him. This is also found among our classmates. But when you really want to learn, you can't have such a personal color. Unless you don't study it.

Male ... if you feel emotionally unacceptable, then you shouldn't write at all. Otherwise it will often be unfair. Obviously this person has a bad personality, but

But he still has some achievements in literature, so you should affirm his achievements in literature and don't cling to his lifestyle.

His literary achievements were lost because of his lifestyle. Therefore, there must be no tendentious emotional color in the research process.

Inside. Without your own subjective feelings, you can have a scientific evaluation of your research object. This is from the maintenance department.

study

Second, maintain scientific argumentation.