Quiet to cultivate one's morality, frugal to cultivate one's morality.
3 a porridge and a meal are hard to come by; It is difficult to keep thinking about material resources.
This sentence is used in almost all canteens.
4 Every time you eat, you will think of the difficulty of farming;
Every piece of clothing embodies the hardships of textile.
5 From simplicity to luxury, from luxury to simplicity.
Saving money is like picking dirt with a needle, and using money is like pushing sand with water.
Thrift training shows health.
Sima guang
I am a poor family, and there is no evil in the world. I don't like luxury by nature. I am a baby. My elders gave me gorgeous gold and silver clothes, and I don't want to be ashamed to give them up. Twenty surnames, Wenxi, no flowers for a solo banquet. In the same year, he said, "Your gift is inviolable." This is a flower. Take clothes to keep out the cold and eat to fill your stomach all your life; I dare not use despicable means to correct vulgarity, I just follow my nature.
Everyone is proud of luxury, and my heart is only beautiful if it is frugal. Everyone laughs at me, and I don't think I'm sick. It should be said: Confucius said "solid is not as follows"; He also said: "It's hard to stand up." He also said: "It is not enough to have ambition in the discussion and be ashamed of poor food and clothing." The ancients regarded thrift as a virtue, but today people criticize it. Hey, what a surprise!
In recent years, customs have been particularly extravagant, with soldiers dressed like soldiers and farmers stepping on silk. I remember that among the heavenly saints, the first male is the official, and the guests never drink alcohol, but it is still three lines and five lines, but not more than seven lines. Wine is in the market, such as pears, chestnuts, dates and persimmons; The dish ends with preserved fruit and vegetable soup and is painted with porcelain. At that time, the literati were all natural, and people were wrong. Know the number and be diligent, thin and affectionate. Recently, the scholar-bureaucrat family, wine is not the law, fruits and vegetables are not rare from afar, food is not good, utensils are not complete, dare not meet guests and friends, and then dare to publish books. If not, people will refute it and think it is despicable. Therefore, those who don't follow the custom put on fresh clothes. Ha ha! The custom is so decadent, although the incumbent can't ban it, bear with it!
I also heard that Li Wenjing was the prime minister in the past, and he ruled Fengqiu Gate. Before listening, he only allowed the horse to rotate, or it was too narrow. The public laughed and said, "Those who take the lead should be passed on to future generations. This is a sincere pass for the Prime Minister to listen to things. He has been very lenient in giving gifts and listening to things. " Duke Lu, who participated in politics, was an admonition officer. The true sects called him urgently, so he got it from a restaurant, went into a restaurant, asked him where he was from, and treated him honestly. He said, "Why do you drink in the hotel to take care of the officials?" Right: "My family is poor. If the guests have no utensils, dishes or fruits, please go to the restaurant." There is no hiding, which is beneficial. Zhang Wenjie is a relative. When he was the secretary of Heyangzhang, relatives or rules said, "I got a lot of salary today, but I gave it myself." Although the public is confident and clear about the contract, there are also many outsiders who are ridiculed by Gongsun Bu. The public should follow the crowd less. "The crowd sighed:" My salary today, although my family has plenty of food and clothing, why not? Considering human nature, frugality is easy and difficult. How often can I get paid today? Can the body last forever? Once it is different from today, family members are used to luxury for a long time, and they will lose money if they can't be frugal. Is it always like a day for me to live, die and die? "oh! A great sage's foresight is beyond the reach of mediocre people!
Yu Sun said, "Thrift is virtue." Waste is a great evil. "* * *, in the same way, all people who speak virtue come from thrift. If a husband is frugal, he wants to be small: if a gentleman wants to be small, he will not be able to be straight; Little people have few desires. If they can use them carefully, they will stay away from evil. So, "frugality is also a virtue. "Luxury is more, and a gentleman who wants more is greedy and ruined. If a villain wants more, he will seek more, and he will perish; So they will bribe officials and steal their hometown. Therefore, luxury is a great evil. " 」
I used to try my father's porridge for a living; Meng Nuo will have talents after he knows it. Ji Wenzi is the three kings, my concubine doesn't wear clothes and silks, my horse doesn't eat millet, and a gentleman thinks loyalty. Guan Zhong's works are very successful.
2. Ancient poetry in a bad mood is a pity for learning.
When cooking is at noon, sweat and oil are boiled out.
Whoever eats the Chinese food on the plate will suffer.
well
Always remember the canteen,
Flies are as happy as ever.
Swallow black pearls,
Unconsciously, a dead fly entered your stomach.
Vomiting, vomiting,
Spit out pickles.
Black night cry
I can't stroll into the canteen, and my face is like autumn.
The long line frowned.
It's hard to bite, but this is steamed bread.
Don't smell sour in your heart.
Manjianghong. Write a bosom.
Panting, afraid to rest in the canteen.
Looking up, the queue is endless and the competition is fierce.
Thirty brothers are worried and anxious, and eight people are angry.
Don't wait, dry that bowl of rice, empty and sad!
Hungry and ashamed, it's still snowing. When will students hate it?
Knock on the low stool square table with chopsticks.
It's hard to swallow a mouthful of rice with an empty stomach, but it's hard to drink it with a smile.
After eating, pick up the leftovers, still hungry.
3. Wang Bo classical Chinese reading answer 4. Incorrect interpretation of the words added in the following sentences (3 points).
A. Story, the story of Yin avoiding Taiwan Province officials: agreement
B. You can never get a loan from France by relying on powerful people: forgive.
C. If you obey it, you will be a traitor. Stop.
D. Its labor and materials are not broken, saving money: saving.
5. For the broken sentences of wavy lines in the text, the correct sentence is (3 points).
A. When Hebei rebelled against the imperial court/attacked Pei Du/made pilgrimages from Taiyuan/talked about things in the ruling and opposition parties/said that it was not suitable for living outside.
B Hebei revolted again/the court used troops to meet Pei Du/entered the DPRK from Taiyuan/the ruling and opposition parties were not/livable.
C. Hebei revolted again/the court used troops/Pei Du went to make a pilgrimage from Taiyuan/the theory/words of ruling and opposition were not suitable for living abroad.
D Hebei Rebellion/Imperial Court Fighting/Pei Du Going to Hajj from Taiyuan/Disagreement between the ruling and the opposition/Livable.
6. The following summary and analysis of the relevant contents of the original text is incorrect (3 points).
A. Wang Bo has the ability to manage this country. When Wang Bo served as county magistrate in Sanyuan, he ruled the country according to law, and his political achievements were the highest in Jizhong. When I was in Yangzhou, I built water conservancy projects to make water transport unimpeded and benefit the people.
B. Wang Bo is good at governing officials. At that time, petty officials were rife with fraud. Although there are many things, Wang broadcast articles in detail, solved the case like a stream, and exposed the fraud of his subordinates one by one and brought them to justice.
C. Wang Bo collected too much money. When Wang Bo was appointed as our special envoy in Huainan, Huainan was suffering from drought. Instead of rescuing the people from the quagmire, he levied exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees, which caused public resentment to boil.
D. Wang Bo didn't keep his behavior. Wang Bo was bent on using political power and taking flattery as his skill, but said nothing about the national plan. His bad behavior of struggling with evil spirits was spurned at that time.
7. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese. (10)
(1) Dezong Qizhi won't use it any more, and his mother will die. (5 points)
(2) broadcast from poverty, self-reliance, self-cultivation, and depression. (5 points)
Reference answer
4.D
5.C
6.B
7. Dezong was very surprised by Wang Bo's talent and planned to improve it in a special way, which happened to meet the death of Wang Bo's mother.
Wang Bo was born in a humble background, and with his own words, he became a powerful person and enjoyed the reputation of outstanding ability.
4. The unique experience of Wang Bo's poetry. The original text in classical Chinese: Wang Bo was lonely. He visited the Mulan Courtyard of Zhao Hui Temple in Yangzhou and borrowed food from other monks.
Monks are tired of being lazy and have already eaten. In the past two years, this is a state of broadcasting from towns. All the questions were covered with blue gauze because of visiting Laoyou.
Two quatrains followed the broadcast: "I visited this hospital twenty years ago, and Mulan Hospital was newly built. Now it's the meridian, and the old monk without flowers is old.
The class has gone west to east, and the bell is ashamed after dinner. After 20 years of dust, now I have a blue sarong. "
When Wang Bo was a child, he was very poor because of his parents' death. He once went to the Mulan Courtyard of Zhao Hui Temple in Yangzhou to have dinner with monks. Monks are disgusted and snubbed him, and often Wang Bo has finished eating when he goes to dinner.
Later, Wang Bo came down from an important position and came out from the capital to guard this place. Because he had been to the place where he had been before, he found that people covered the words with gauze because they admired his previous words. Interpretation: 1 Lonely and poor: poor because of the death of parents.
2. Boredom: disgust and neglect. 3. Important position.
4. State: City. 5. All: All.
6. Appreciate it: Appreciate it (and cover it with yarn). References:
Wang Bo (759 ~830) was born in Taiyuan, Shanxi, and later moved to Yangzhou, Jiangsu.
He was born in the first year of Su Zonggan (758 ~760), but his parents died soon. In addition, his family condition is really bad, so Wang Bo, who likes reading, can only borrow money from a local monk named Mulan Courtyard in Zhao Hui Temple. The abbot and some monks began to treat each other with courtesy, thinking that the other was a scholar, and it was not certain when he would get rich, which was also good for the temple.
Therefore, after the internal "research" of the temple leaders, Wang Bo was allowed to eat and live. There is a rule in this temple that the meal time for three meals a day is fixed after the monk rings the bell.
Because of the large number of people, this practice is not only understandable, but also shows some unique experiences in temple management. As soon as the dinner bell rang, Wang Bo naturally put down his books and had a happy meal.
But after a while, things got weird. At noon one day, Wang Bo, immersed in the pleasure of reading, kept making noises in his stomach.
He knew he was hungry, because he didn't eat much that morning because of his poor health, so the sun was a little west, and his hunger could be imagined. But it's just strange that the temple hasn't rung the bell for dinner at this time What can we do? As a helpless scholar living under other people's eaves, I still have some initiative in reading people's faces. He really can't remember and is embarrassed to ask what happened today.
So Wang Bo was immersed in the book again. He naturally knows that only by immersing himself in books can he learn more knowledge, which is the best way and the most interesting.
And in the future, he will show his talents in the examination room and finally let him out of this embarrassing situation. After Wang Bo looked at the scroll again, Wang Bo, who was too hungry, heard the bell.
Wang Bo is so excited! Isn't this the key to the problem you are trying to solve now? He rushed to the canteen more excitedly than usual. But the scene in the canteen made him feel that a bucket of cold water was poured from head to toe in the cold weather, because lunch had already been finished! He looked at the canteen masters in confusion and shyness, thinking that he might find clues about why this change happened from them.
However, their schadenfreude is clearly telling Wang Bo: Do you still want to eat? You boy, wait! In a flash, Wang Bo fully understood. He knew that the temple was tired of his idle dining here.
His eyes were full of humiliating tears, but he tried to keep them from flowing. He glared at the huge canteen, immediately returned to his residence to pack his simple luggage, angrily wrote a poem on the temple wall, and then strode away without looking back.
More than 20 years later, that is, during the Daiwa period (827 ~835), Wang Bo, who was quite prosperous in officialdom, was just sent to Jiangsu as a military and political chief. One day, he suddenly thought of the temple he had borrowed and wanted to see what it had developed into.
Monks in Mulan Temple of Zhao Hui Temple have long heard that Wang Daren is coming to "inspect the work" and are anxious to repair the place where Wang Bo lived. Temple leaders also asked people to quickly write down the wall where he wrote poems in anger, gently dust off the floating dust with a dust brush, and then cover it with fine blue gauze to prevent it from being eroded by dust again. When Wang Bo came to this temple with dignity, he really had mixed feelings.
When he suddenly looked up, he found that his satirical poems were favored by such blue gauze, but he couldn't eat a satisfactory meal that year, which made him deeply moved! Wang Bo, whose thoughts were tumbling, ordered someone to bring pen and ink, immediately did not even roll his sleeves, and continued to write behind the original poem to record his feelings about different experiences. Its poem says: Twenty years ago, this hospital visited and the Yulan Hospital was newly built.
Now it's the meridian, and the old monk without flowers is old. After writing this poem, he felt that his meaning was still unfinished, so Wang Bo wrote the following famous poem, which made him even more disappointed: he went to various places in class, and he was ashamed to be in the middle of the dinner.
After 20 years of dust, now I have a blue sarong! Then he left with a sigh. Later, many people used it as material to enter literary works.
Su Shi's Stortra said: It's useless to feed people in a kitchen, it will only cause trouble. As we all know, Gary has eyes after dinner.
In the poems on the same topic, Su Da poets have repeatedly lamented: Hungry eyes dazzle things, poems forget early. Although you know that a lamp is a fire, you don't understand that a clock is not a meal.
Needless to say, all of the above are using Wang to broadcast this old story. As for Sun Shuo, he told the story of the king directly, saying: I know it was not broadcast by the king of the Tang Dynasty, and I am ashamed that the monk protected the green yarn.
It can be seen that Wang Bo's experience has caused many distant and profound feelings for future generations! Admittedly, there are many other related statements, but it is undoubtedly amazing. (3) Although Wang Bo truly reflects human feelings, it is not self-motivated for those who want to make a difference.
Because you must stand up for yourself and seek to change the bad situation.
5. Write a criticism about skipping classes and eating classical Chinese, covering the student who skipped classes on the 2nd of this month, because he is young and playful! But thanks to the teacher's eye, I have a clear insight into Yu's stubbornness and took pains to teach me, so that I can understand the teacher's mistakes and the thickness of the teacher's kindness, and I am moved to tears!
"Young people don't work hard, but the boss is sad." The words of the sages are still in my ears, and I am sincere in not deceiving me. I should keep this in mind and take it as a warning. Although it's difficult to imitate the ancient, ambitious people: head hanging beam, awl stabbing stocks, but we should also be careful not to be distracted and diligent.
As the ancients said, it's no big deal to correct mistakes. I will remember the teacher's teaching from now on, never slack off, and strive to be a studious son, not an ignorant person. Ask the teacher to supervise me.
In order to express repentance and follow the teacher's instructions, this book is an article presented to the teacher and kept in my heart. Sincerely ask the teacher to forgive!